Before the emergence of ultra-wideband (UWB) radios, widely used wireless communications were based on sinusoidal carriers, and impulse technologies were employed only in specific applications (e.g. radar). In 2002, the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) allowed unlicensed operation between 3.1–10.6 GHz for UWB communication, using a wideband signal format with a low EIRP level (−41.3dBm/MHz). UWB communication systems then emerged as an alternative to narrowband systems and significant effort in this area has been invested at the regulatory, commercial, and research levels.

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques and Antennas and Propagation Announce a Joint Special Issue on Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Technology

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving, by a feed point of a dielectric antenna, electromagnetic waves from a dielectric core coupled to the feed point without an electrical return path, where at least a portion of the dielectric antenna comprises a conductive surface, directing, by the feed point, the electromagnetic waves to a proximal portion of the dielectric antenna, and radiating, via an aperture of the dielectric antenna, a wireless signal responsive to the electromagnetic waves being received at the aperture. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device

Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology provides an attractive solution to the integration of planar and nonplanar circuits by using a planar circuit fabrication process. However, it is usually difficult to implement the negative coupling structure required for the design of compact canonical folded elliptic or quasi-elliptic cross-coupled bandpass filter on the basis of a single-layer SIW. In this paper, a special planar negative coupling scheme including a magnetic coupling post-wall iris and a balanced microstrip line with a pair of metallic via-holes is studied in detail. Two -band fourth-degree cross-coupled bandpass filters without and with source-load coupling using the negative coupling structures are then proposed and designed. The two novel SIW filters having the same center frequency of 20.5 GHz and respective passband width of 700 and 800 MHz are implemented on a single-layer Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate with thickness of 0.508 mm. Measured results of those filters, which exhibit a high selectivity, and a minimum in-band insertion loss of approximately 0.9 and 1.0 dB, respectively, agree well with simulated results.

Substrate Integrated Waveguide Cross-Coupled Filter With Negative Coupling Structure

A distributed antenna and backhaul system provide network connectivity for a small cell deployment. Rather than building new structures, and installing additional fiber and cable, embodiments described herein disclose using high-bandwidth, millimeter-wave communications and existing power line infrastructure. Above ground backhaul connections via power lines and line-of-sight millimeter-wave band signals as well as underground backhaul connections via buried electrical conduits can provide connectivity to the distributed base stations. An overhead millimeter-wave system can also be used to provide backhaul connectivity. Modules can be placed onto existing infrastructure, such as streetlights and utility poles, and the modules can contain base stations and antennas to transmit the millimeter-waves to and from other modules.

Backhaul link for distributed antenna system

A distributed antenna system is provided that frequency shifts the output of one or more microcells to a 60 GHz or higher frequency range for transmission to a set of distributed antennas. The cellular band outputs of these microcell base station devices are used to modulate a 60 GHz (or higher) carrier wave, yielding a group of subcarriers on the 60 GHz carrier wave. This group will then be transmitted in the air via analog microwave RF unit, after which it can be repeated or radiated to the surrounding area. The repeaters amplify the signal and resend it on the air again toward the next repeater. In places where a microcell is required, the 60 GHz signal is shifted in frequency back to its original frequency (e.g., the 1.9 GHz cellular band) and radiated locally to nearby mobile devices.

Remote distributed antenna system

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/7260/28830/01296672.pdf

Singlets, Cascaded Singlets, and the Nonresonating Node Model for Advanced Modular Design of

A junction for connecting two waveguides (101, 103) having substantially a 90-degree angular offset between longitudinal symmetry axes of their cross-sections, said junction comprising a first interface (102) and a second interface (104) for connecting said waveguides (101, 103), and further comprising at least a first transformer section (202) and a second transformer section (206), both having cross-sections of substantially rectangular shape, and both having said 90-degree angular offset between longitudinal symmetry axes of their cross-sections, wherein the first and the second transformer sections (202 and 206) are connected in a way that a T-shape connection is formed and the first transformer section (202) has a first inwardly protruded ridge (204) on its broad wall (210) and the second transformer section (206) has a second inwardly protruded ridge (208) on its broad wall (212), wherein the broad wall (212) with the second ridge (208) is connected to the top narrow wall of the first transformer section (202) and the ridges (204 and 208) are so located that they overlap.

T-shape waveguide twist-transformer junction

Eine Anordnung, die mit sehr geringer Verzogerung auf jede Resonanzfrequenzanderung eines Hohlraumresonators mit Kompensationsmasnahmen reagiert, besteht darin, das Mittel (4) vorhanden sind, die aus einem zusatzlich zu einem Nutzwellentyp (w1) in dem Hohlraumresonator (1) angeregten Wellentyp (w2) eine Regelgrose (x) ableiten, und das ein Regler (5) aus der Regelgrose (x) ein Stellsignal (z) fur ein Korrekturglied (2) bildet.

Anordnung zur Kompensation von Resonanzfrequenzänderungen eines Hohlraumresonators

A new broadband 3dB waveguide coupler (hybrid) design is introduced, providing high performance, with extreme low amplitude variations of the semi signal portions. The basic principle relies on a dual-polarized waveguide section with propagating linear and circular polarized modes. The ends of the section are connected to the common ports of an OrthoMode Transducer (OMT) and a polarizer, respectively. Signals fed to one of the OMT ports pass the central waveguide section with the related linear polarization, while signals supplied to the polarizer ports exhibit circular polarization. Thus, the linear polarized signals are spilt by the polarizer into 3dB portions occurring at the respective ports; the OMT couples 3dB portions of the circular polarized signals to its ports. This solution is validated by a hybrid design at 11.7GHz, which comprise a compact OMT and a septum polarizer. The obtained results demonstrate high performance with flat amplitude responses over 18% bandwidth, while allowing the basic realization of the complete design with state-of-the-art manufacturing methods. Based on this novel hybrid a $4\mathrm{x}4$ Butler matrix is introduced to demonstrate the feasibility of power distribution with flat amplitude characteristics.

High Performance 3dB Coupler (Hybrid) with Broadband Flat Amplitude Characteristics

An antenna feed device (100) having a first waveguide (102) and a second waveguide (104) separated from the first waveguide (102), each of which is assigned to feed one polarization of a dedicated antenna and each of said waveguides exhibit an overall L-shape form where at least one section of the L-shape of each waveguide is in parallel to the other, both having respectively a first (106) and a second (108) antenna end ending in one plane for connection to an ortho-mode transducer associated with the antenna, while the other sections of the two L-shape waveguides extend in opposite directions, having respectively a first (110) and a second (112) radio end, each of which ends with a single waveguide port for connection to a radio equipment and the waveguides arrangement yields an overall compact T-shape interconnection of the antenna and the radios dedicated to the orthogonal polarizations

Uwe Rosenberg

Papers

Singlets, Cascaded Singlets, and the Nonresonating Node Model for Advanced Modular Design of

T-shape waveguide twist-transformer junction

Anordnung zur Kompensation von Resonanzfrequenzänderungen eines Hohlraumresonators

High Performance 3dB Coupler (Hybrid) with Broadband Flat Amplitude Characteristics

Antenna feed device using two separate L-shaped waveguides to give an overall T-shape