2.1. Solvents 4307 2.1.1. Propylene Carbonate (PC) 4308 2.1.2. Ethers 4308 2.1.3. Ethylene Carbonate (EC) 4309 2.1.4. Linear Dialkyl Carbonates 4310 2.2. Lithium Salts 4310 2.2.1. Lithium Perchlorate (LiClO4) 4311 2.2.2. Lithium Hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF6) 4312 2.2.3. Lithium Tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4) 4312 2.2.4. Lithium Trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiTf) 4312 2.2.5. Lithium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiIm) and Its Derivatives 4313

/pdf/nonaqueous-liquid-electrolytes-for-lithium-based-uxm5ffbi18.pdf

Nonaqueous liquid electrolytes for lithium-based rechargeable batteries.

https://www.researchgate.net/file.PostFileLoader.html?id=54c7dbcfd685cc52128b4673&assetKey=AS%3A273682792943621%401442262470301

An improved Hummers method for eco-friendly synthesis of graphene oxide

Chemical functionalization of graphene and its applications

Graphene-based nanomaterials for drug delivery and tissue engineering.

Carbon nanotubes have attracted the fancy of many scientists worldwide. The small dimensions, strength and the remarkable physical properties of these structures make them a very unique material with a whole range of promising applications. In this review we describe some of the important materials science applications of carbon nanotubes. Specifically we discuss the electronic and electrochemical applications of nanotubes, nanotubes as mechanical reinforcements in high performance composites, nanotube-based field emitters, and their use as nanoprobes in metrology and biological and chemical investigations, and as templates for the creation of other nanostructures. Electronic properties and device applications of nanotubes are treated elsewhere in the book. The challenges that ensue in realizing some of these applications are also discussed from the point of view of manufacturing, processing, and cost considerations.

Applications of Carbon Nanotubes

The reaction of graphite with sulfuric acid in the presence of KMnO4 (oxidant : graphite ratio 0.027–0.55) involves consecutive and concurrent reactions: graphite intercalation and direct oxidation of the carbon matrix. The properties of graphite bisulfate and its reaction products are determined by the stage number of the intercalation compound; the decomposition enthalpies of the stage I–IV graphite bisulfate correlate with the enthalpies of graphite intercalation with sulfuric acid.

Reaction of Graphite with Sulfuric Acid in the Presence of KMnO4

Preparation, electrical and thermal properties of new exfoliated graphite-based composites

Graphite-alkaline metal systems (lithium, potassium, rubidium, cesium) have been investigated under high-pressure conditions. New graphite intercalation compounds of C4M composition with alkali metal contents twice as high as in those obtained with traditional methods without applying high pressure have been produced. The solid-phase postintercalation reactions of potassium and rubidium in C8 M under 0.2–0.3 GPa pressure have been investigated. The compressibility of different composition intercalation compounds obtained was determined under 2.5 GPa pressure by the volume method. The increase in metal content in layers has been shown to lead to reduced compound compressibility. The phase transformation in C8 K under −1.2 GPa pressure, associated with the metal compaction in the intervals between graphite layers, has been investigated.

The alkali metals in graphite matrixes-new aspects of metallic state chemistry

Transformations of the specific surface area and porous structure of carbon materials based on graphite were studied by low-temperature adsorption of nitrogen. Exfoliated graphite and graphite foil were found to have a developed (compared with the initial graphite) surface (up to 90 m2/g) and a porous structure formed by slit-like mesopores with a characteristic radius of ∼20 A. The determining influence of the method of synthesis on the adsorption properties of materials was demonstrated for the first time.

The specific surface area and porous structure of graphite materials

The thermophysical and mechanical properties of compacted expanded graphite (EG) were studied. The experimental results were interpreted with application of similarity theory. The compacted EG critical density corresponding to the observed jump in the thermal conductivity coefficient and elasticity modulus was shown to depend on the expandable graphite preparation method, EG bulk density, and dispersion degree and amounted to 0.01 and 0.005 g/cm3 for the studied EGs.

V. V. Avdeev

Papers

Reaction of Graphite with Sulfuric Acid in the Presence of KMnO4

Preparation, electrical and thermal properties of new exfoliated graphite-based composites

The alkali metals in graphite matrixes-new aspects of metallic state chemistry

The specific surface area and porous structure of graphite materials

Thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of expanded graphite