In our paper we seek to conceptually interpret business strategies related to sustainability from a transition perspective. We argue that there is an emergent trend of businesses and industries that move beyond optimizing the organization's individual performance, by mitigating negative environmental and social impacts, to fundamentally restructuring and rethinking existing businesses in light of broader societal changes. By means of the transition framework, we conceptualize the development of new sustainable business models as a new phase in corporate responsibility, in which societal sustainability challenges are translated into new socio-economic business models implying fundamental transitions within businesses. We then outline the basic contours of an approach that seeks to make business transitions to sustainable systems manageable in terms of influencing speed and direction of business transitions by adapting the transition management framework. We describe the framework of business transition management in a number of interlinked activities based on an experimental participatory case study of the transition in the Dutch roof sector.

Business transition management: exploring a new role for business in sustainability transitions

It is argued that transition management can be a useful analytical approach for clarifying how development aid can stimulate economic development. To illustrate this, potential applications are suggested. Three similarities between transition management and development aid are identified. In addition, the reverse potential influence, from development aid thinking to transition management, is briefly discussed.

How Transition Management Can Inform Development Aid

The purpose of the article is to analyze the tax systems of the countries of the European Union and Ukraine, the impact of individual indicators of the tax system on the economies development, study the possibility of applying the accumulated experience. The subject-matter of the study is the methodological and conceptual foundations of the tax policy-making process of the EU and Ukraine. Methodology. Based on the analyzed scientific literature on tax policy formulation of countries, the methodological principles of this study provide for the joint application of a set of well-known general scientific and special methods of research in economics. In particular, the dialectical method, the method of scientific abstraction, the method of systematic analysis, economic and mathematical modeling were used. Results. The article analyzes the individual indicators of the tax system functioning of 28 countries of the European Union and Ukraine; and the impact of these indicators on the economy development. In particular, the following indicators were studied: customs and other import duties, firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials; firms that do not report all sales for tax purposes; firms visited or required meetings with tax officials; labor tax and contributions; net taxes on products; other taxes; other taxes payable by businesses; profit tax; tax payments; tax revenue; taxes on exports; taxes on goods and services; taxes on income, profits and capital gains; taxes on income, profits and capital gains; taxes on international trade; time to prepare and pay taxes; total tax rate. The dependence of foreign direct investment on profit tax, tax revenue; taxes on income, profits and capital gains; time to prepare and pay taxes and total tax rate have been studied. The study shows that, on average, tax revenue affects foreign direct investment, net inflows with the same strength as time to prepare and pay taxes, but almost twice as much as taxes on income, profits and capital gains. Practical implications. The article contains a set of tools and rules for reviewing approaches, guidelines and criteria for the effectiveness of Ukraine's tax policy in line with the global development concept. Value / originality. The conceptual criteria for the formation and implementation of the tax policy of the state are determined, it is carried out the comparative analysis of the tax policy of Ukraine and the EU countries within the framework of the European economic integration, which occurs simultaneously with the globalization of the world economy.

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Conceptual basis of tax policy formation in the globalization conditions

This paper analyzes two recent securities transaction tax (STT) implementations in France and Italy in order to identify the effects of STT on market quality. The effects are observed on panel data in four periods utilizing several trading activity and market quality measures. Difference-in-Differences are estimated using several control groups including German and Spanish equities. The results suggest significant decrease in trading activity and liquidity in French taxed stocks following the STT levy. The effect of STT on volatility is statistically insignificant across different control groups and estimation periods. The need to account for seasonal effects is also demonstrated. In Italian case, the results are inconclusive due to possible contamination by political events, but the evidence points to decrease in trading activity following the reform. The evidence regarding volatility and liquidity in Italian case is mixed.

The impact of Securities Transaction Tax on market quality: Evidence from France and Italy

Business process offshoring has been dynamically growing worldwide in the last few years, facilitated by the corporate need for operational expenses reduction, overcoming skilled workers shortage and the potential for operations optimization. At every stage of organizational changes, there are various challenges the service offshoring managerial community constantly struggles with. Th e paper presents the offshored service cost model that can be adjusted and applied for service budgeting, valuation and control, for it has been identified as the most common challenge affecting Polish service off shoring corporations in the post-transition period. Th e need for strengthening this area of knowledge was identified through empirical research and the case study conducted in this work serves for presenting the authors’ insights on cost modelling for offshored business services.

Offshored Service Cost Model as a Key Post-Transition Challenge

In recent years, deoffshorization is a trend and dozens of countries have already started an open fight against offshore accounts. Ukraine is moving to complete deoffshorization in accordance with the new rules for exchanging information on financial accounts and BEPS rules. The purpose of the study was to search for optimal solutions for further improvements in the field of deoffshorization of the national and regional economy of the Eastern European contries, in particular Ukraine. The following methods were used to solve the problems in the work: induction and deduction (in the study of offshore types, the definition of interconnection and interdependence between them), abstract-logical (in generalizing the theoretical foundations of economic deoffshorization ), econometric-statistical (in assessing the state and dynamics of export-import operations of Ukraine with offshore jurisdictions), statistical analysis.On the basis of theoretical and empirical conclusions, the main consequences, which are the result of the study of global deoffshorization in conditions of financial control and its influence on the national and regional economy of Ukraine, are presented. The article provides a correlation analysis of the dependence of the export index to the UK from Ukraine with export, import and balance of offshore countries. A study was conducted on the presence or absence of a relationship between the volume of balance, exports and imports from Ukraine to the United Kingdom with the macroeconomic indicators of the national economy of Ukraine.

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Valeriia Fesenko

Papers

Global deoffshorization and its impact on the national and regional economies of eastern european countries