This handbook looks to provide academics and students with a comprehensive and holistic understanding of the phenomenon of innovation. Innovation spans a number of fields within the social sciences and humanities: Management, Economics, Geography, Sociology, Politics, Psychology, and History. Consequently, the rapidly increasing body of literature on innovation is characterized by a multitude of perspectives based on, or cutting across, existing disciplines and specializations. Scholars of innovation can come from such diverse starting points that much of this literature can be missed, and so constructive dialogues missed. The editors of The Oxford Handbook of Innovation have carefully selected and designed twenty-one contributions from leading academic experts within their particular field, each focusing on a specific aspect of innovation. These have been organized into four main sections, the first of which looks at the creation of innovations, with particular focus on firms and networks. Section Two provides an account of the wider systematic setting influencing innovation and the role of institutions and organizations in this context. Section Three explores some of the diversity in the working of innovation over time and across different sectors of the economy, and Section Four focuses on the consequences of innovation with respect to economic growth, international competitiveness, and employment. An introductory overview, concluding remarks, and guide to further reading for each chapter, make this handbook a key introduction and vital reference work for researchers, academics, and advanced students of innovation. Contributors to this volume - Jan Fagerberg, University of Oslo William Lazonick, INSEAD Walter W. Powell, Stanford University Keith Pavitt, SPRU Alice Lam, Brunel University Keith Smith, INTECH Charles Edquist, Linkoping David Mowery, University of California, Berkeley Mary O'Sullivan, INSEAD Ove Granstrand, Chalmers Bjorn Asheim, University of Lund Rajneesh Narula, Copenhagen Business School Antonello Zanfei, Urbino Kristine Bruland, University of Oslo Franco Malerba, University of Bocconi Nick Von Tunzelmann, SPRU Ian Miles, University of Manchester Bronwyn Hall, University of California, Berkeley Bart Verspagen , ECIS Francisco Louca, ISEG Manuel M. Godinho, ISEG Richard R. Nelson, Mario Pianta, Urbino Bengt-Ake Lundvall, Aalborg

The Oxford Handbook of Innovation

What makes organizations so similar? We contend that the engine of rationalization and bureaucratization has moved from the competitive marketplace to the state and the professions. Once a set of organizations emerges as a field, a paradox arises: rational actors make their organizations increasingly similar as they try to change them. We describe three isomorphic processes-coercive, mimetic, and normative—leading to this outcome. We then specify hypotheses about the impact of resource centralization and dependency, goal ambiguity and technical uncertainty, and professionalization and structuration on isomorphic change. Finally, we suggest implications for theories of organizations and social change.

The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields (Chinese Translation)

A scientometric review of pro-poor tourism research: Visualization and analysis

Tesis Doctoral leida en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos de Madrid en 2018. Directores de la Tesis: Javier de Esteban Curiel e Isabel del Rio de la Hoz

Las redes de turismo como estructura de consolidación de destinos culturales de carácter rural. Análisis sobre las Villas del Libro: El caso español de Urueña (Valladolid)

Background. There are many resources and capacities for the development of sport tourism of Iran which is neglected in terms of performance and research. Objectives. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the content of sport tourism researches of Iran. Methods. The statistical population of the study consisted of all research articles in the field of sport tourism during 2005 to 2018 that were collected from the internal and external databases (Academic Jihad of Iran) and the related internal publications system. Results. The articles were fallen into three levels: macro, intermediate and micro, 5 general axes and 17 subjects; the most articles focused on the macro level and the axis of tourism development (45.45%) and the least articles on the micro and psychological level (3.78%). At the intermediate level, the two issues of employment, revenue, and quality of service were more of a concern for researchers. The findings showed that among the sports management publications, the highest number of articles (10.28%) were published in the publications of the strategic studies of sports and youth of the Ministry of Sport and among non-sports management publications, the most articles were published in the Tourism Space Quarterly (5.6%). Methodologically, most of the articles used quantitative method and a researcher made questionnaire and standard (86.36%), and descriptive and factor analysis (41.66%). Most studies are done on professors and managers and experts in education and tourism (24.24%). Regarding geographical distribution, the most articles are done with the national issue (23.48%) and the provinces of Tehran, Isfahan and Mazandaran (13.64%). Also, about 90% of the articles are attributed to the 2010s. Conclusion. The analysis of the trend of articles in the field of sport tourism shows that the main challenge of the researchers in this area is the strategic dimensions and natural and climatic factors at the macro level; and the quality of services and employment and entrepreneurship is at the intermediate level and in continue, future researches can be focused on the planning on particular areas of tourism and some sociological issues in this

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Content Analysis of Research Articles in Sport Tourism of Iran

The subject of the research in this paper is the development and the application of entrepreneurship in rural tourism destinations. The aim of the paper is to identify key forms of rural entrepreneurship tourism in Vojvodina. General analytic-synthetic method of research was applied, spanning from the bibliographic-speculative to empirical approach. It has been determined that messuages, villages as tourist products, ethno-houses, and rural households that provide services of accommodation and food, eco-active tourism, tourism offer of food and drinks produced in the system of organic production, as well as traditional rural events, can be the basis of rural tourism product in Vojvodina. The development of rural tourism should be based on effective investment in the tourism offer through entrepreneurial projects that are in accordance with modern trends of demand. Investment into tourism offer in rural tourism destinations would influence the growth of income made from rural tourism, and therefore, the economic development of those areas.

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Models of entrepreneurship development in rural tourism destinations in Vojvodina.

Integration and globalisation processes are unavoidable in all fields of business economy, including tourism. Potential success of wine tourism in Sremski Karlovci should be based on diversification of products that entails an inﬂux of tourism and winemaking into other fields of economy. During the development of wine tourism offer, it would be advisable to consult the experiences of the developed wine region and to use their models, which is done in this paper, via benchmark analysis of offers of Sremski Karlovci wineries with those of the Ontario region (Canada) and the place of Villany (Hungary). The goal of this paper is to establish the possible directions of development of the integral product of wine tourism of Sremski Karlovci as a prerequisite for integration into the regional tourism offer. The research indicates that wine tourism offer of Sremski Karlovci is underdeveloped. A large number of product diversification fields are not recognised. The future development of Sremski Karlovci wineries should be based on conquering of those very fields. Such a tourism product could more easily be integrated into the regional wine tourism offer.

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Development of sremski karlovci wine tourism and integration in the regional tourism offer

The subject of the research in this paper is the development of entrepreneurship based on Pro-poor tourism principles in rural destinations. The aim of the research is to project development models of entrepreneurship based on Pro-poor tourism in the rural environments in Serbia. General analytical-synthetic research method has been applied, in the span of bibliographic-speculative, to empirical approach. The poverty of rural population is a heated problem in many countries, Serbia included. Developing entrepreneurship in the field of tourism stands out as one of the most efficient ways to solve this problem. Focusing on the just allocation of material and immaterial goods in a local community area includes adopting the concept of tourism and entrepreneurship development based on Pro-poor tourism. This includes the development of micro type businesses, small and family companies, the development of tourism business through diversification of products and activities traditional for the households in rural areas, and including the development principle that focuses on the interests of the poorest members of the local community. For this reason, reliance of local resources with promoting local capacities and increasing the participation level of the local community in developmental activities is the key of success of Pro-poor strategies.

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Pro-poor tourism for the purpose of rural environment development

Modern development of tourism is under a strong influence of globalisation processes. In order to achieve global competitiveness, it is necessary to build regional competitiveness due to the significant role of the region as the basic unit of development and as the carrier of tourist offer that should satisfy globalised demands in terms of both quantity and quality. Up until now, the destinations built competitive advantage through shaping local resources and possibilities into products and services for the visitors, and through coordinating activities of various participants on the level of the destination. Today, it is known that the destinations that aim towards leadership positions in the market must seek new sources of competitive advantage, considering that efficient cooperation of interested parties within a destination does not always suffice. One of such advantages is the development of cooperation amongst destinations and their linkage into wider tourist regions. In other works from the subject area, several forms of inter-destination cooperation and its factors of influence have been identified. However, even until now, this subject has not been sufficiently clarified. The subject of the research is the cooperation amongst destinations within a wider tourist region and the possibilities for improvement of the tourist offer through such cooperation. The aim of the research is to determine the validity of activities of inter-destination cooperation within a wider tourist region. General analytic-synthetic method of research was used in the paper, in the span of bibliographic-speculative to empirical approach by applying the method of document content analysis.

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Improving Tourist Offer Through Inter-Destination Cooperation in a Tourist Region

Cultural tourism has been recognised in many countries as a chance for economic and overall development. The area of the city of Bar, connecting the Balkan inland and the Adriatic coast, is a rich treasury of cultural monuments from different historical periods, ranging from pre-history and the antique to middle ages and our times. Among them are the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic monasteries and churches, monuments of Muslim culture, fortresses, etc. Their protection, studying, presentation and popularisation should become a priority, in order to include this rich cultural legacy in the tourist offer, but also to preserve it for posterity. The paper researches the attitudes of workers in the sectors of tourism and culture as well as that of the agents of local development on the potentials and possibilities of implementation of cultural resources in the tourist offer of the city of Bar. A field research was conducted using the method of descriptive statistics, with the data collected by means of survey.

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Vaso Jegdić

Papers

Models of entrepreneurship development in rural tourism destinations in Vojvodina.

Development of sremski karlovci wine tourism and integration in the regional tourism offer

Pro-poor tourism for the purpose of rural environment development

Improving Tourist Offer Through Inter-Destination Cooperation in a Tourist Region

Multicultural History of the City of Bar (Montenegro) as a Basis of Development of Cultural Tourism – Attitudes of Tourism Workers