An adaptive learning environment provides personalised information to the learner through self-directed study. An adaptive learning environment model can be subdivided into a learner model, domain model, instructional model and adaptive engine. Personal traits comprise part of the components in a learner model and can be identified either explicitly or implicitly in an adaptive learning environment. In such an environment, the e-learning system should adapt to a learner's needs. However, even though academic research on adaptive learning environments has increased, the field lacks a comprehensive literature analysis of learners' personal traits in these environments. This study conducts a systematic literature review to identify the most commonly used personal traits in modelling the learner and the existing techniques suitable for identifying personal traits in an adaptive learning environment. A total of 140 articles spanning the years 2010–2017 are initially reviewed, from which 78 are selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria relevant to this study. This study provides an overview of learners' personal traits and the techniques used to identify them to provide a basis for improving adaptive learning environments. The findings indicate that most of the previous works used a learning style from the cognition learning domain category to model individual personal traits, while the computer-based detection technique was commonly applied to identify a learner's personal traits in adaptive learning environments. This study reveals the common learner characteristics used to develop learner models and the techniques for implementing such models. The findings of this paper can guide other researchers to recognise various personal traits and the identification technique for further studies, as well as assist developers in the development of the adaptive learning system.

Identification of personal traits in adaptive learning environment: Systematic literature review

Teknolojik gelismeler egitim sistemlerini etkilemektedir. Egitim ortamlarinin okullarla sinirli olmadigi anlasilmistir. Bilgisayar kullanimi ve egitim sistemlerinde internet ile bilgiye ulasma yollari degismistir ve mobil ogrenme gibi kavramlar ortaya cikmistir. Son yillarda, mobil ogrenme (m-ogrenme) uzaktan egitimin onemli bir bileseni olmustur. Bu nedenle bu calismanin amaci literatur taramasi yaparak literaturdeki arastirma bulgularini ozetlemektir. Bu kapsamda, 2013 ile 2017 yillari arasinda yayinlanan arastirmalar bu calismanin icerigine dahil edilmistir. Arastirma suresince, 8 onde gelen, hakemli arastirma dergisinde yayinlanan 11 arastirma makalesi incelenmistir. Bu arastirmalarin amaclari, metodolojileri ve sonuclari aciklanmistir. Mobil ogrenme ile ilgili arastirma egilimlerini ortaya cikarmaya calismasi acisindan bu calismanin onemli oldugu soylenilebilir.

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A review of Current Studies of Mobile Learning

AbstrakSaat ini perkembangan teknologi informasi sangat pesat. Teknologi informasi sangat dibutuhkan dalam kehidupan manusia. Salah satu fungsi teknologi sistem informasi adalah membantu atau mendorong pekerjaan manusia agar berjalan lebih efektif dan efisien. Pengembangan sistem informasi memiliki banyak metode dan platform yang beragam. Platform yang dapat digunakan dalam pengembangan sistem informasi adalah platform berbasis mobile, web atau desktop. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan model pengembangan sistem informasi berbasis website, dan datanya diperoleh melalui literatur yang relevan dari tahun 2016 hingga 2020. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah System Literature Review (SLR). Metode SLR digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi, meninjau, mengevaluasi, dan menafsirkan semua penelitian yang tersedia di bidang subjek dari fenomena yang menarik, serta pertanyaan penelitian terkait tertentu. Dengan menggunakan metode SLR, artikel jurnal dapat direview dan diidentifikasi secara sistematis, dan langkah atau prosedur yang telah ditentukan dapat diikuti dalam setiap proses. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode utama yang digunakan dalam pengembangan sistem informasi berbasis website, dan kelebihan dan kekurangan pengembangan sistem informasi berbasis website yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini.Kata Kunci: Pengembangan Sistem Informasi, Systematic Literatur Review (SLR), Website.

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Analisis metode pengembangan sistem informasi berbasis website: a literatur review

Information and communication technology ICT can be termed as a reagent for the microfinance sector. It has contributed significantly for the growth of this sector, which is clearly depicted from the reviewed literature as well as the market evaluation. The paper analyzes the impact of technological advancements within the microfinance industry from academic as well as practitioner's point of view. The true advantage of that advancement in the technology is yet to be realized by this sector. The paper proposed that ICT components on an optimized approach can be beneficial for a new as well as an experienced microfinance player for the efficient and cost effective delivery of its services to the masses without any major hindrance.

ICT Infrastructure Framework for Microfinance Institutions and Banks in Pakistan: An Optimized Approach

Today’s education faces many challenges related to learning and teaching efficiency, effectiveness, and costs. Contemporary research shows that the learning environment with the ability to adapt to individual needs, requirements, and competencies of students, facilitates the learning process and leads to improved learning outcomes and achievements. Nevertheless, learning management systems (LMS) that are often used in e-learning typically provide a limited level of adaptivity. The goal of this paper is to introduce an adaptive e-learning model which enables personalized learning experience and more intelligent decision making. It consists of the students’ model, the adaptation module, the expert system for data analysis and decision making, the repository of learning objects, and database of educational methods. The designed model provides adaptivity through a learning management system, considering individual characteristics of the student, such as their learning styles and prior knowledge. It is capable to adapt course content, structure, and assessment based on the specific student’s needs and performance. The model is implemented within the widely used open-source LMS, which makes it more usable and easier to deploy. The process of applying the proposed model is illustrated with a higher education case study that shows how the recommended method is applied for a successful transition to an adaptive form of learning. The model has been tested through experiment during which a group of students attended traditional non-adaptive e-learning course, and the other group attended the adaptive e-learning course. The results of data analysis showed that students who learned from an adaptive course achieved better performance in various aspects. The proposed adaptive model can enhance educational processes in terms of improving learning performance, personalized application of teaching/learning methods, as well as continuous improvement cycle.

E-learning based on the adaptive learning model: case study in Serbia

Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen Informatika dan Komputer (STMIK) ProVisi is a private higher education provider in Semarang, which aimed to provide a good quality higher education and produce ready-to-work professional. In order to achieve the aim, STMIK PROVISI upgrades its service quality continually. Class schedule information is one of STMIK PROVISI academic services. The information is the base for the student to attend lecture in STMIK PROVISI Semarang. Bulletin board and website as information distribution medium has some weaknesses in its implementation. Mobile application for schedule notification based on Android may become one of the key to overcome the weaknesses. Mobile application able to directly update the schedule information in student’s mobile device, eliminate the need of student to go to campuss for the latest schedule information. The application also notify student for the class to attend. Mobile application for schedule notification uses development method called system development life cycle.

Rancang bangun aplikasi mobile untuk notifikasi jadwal kuliah berbasis android (studi kasus : stmik provisi semarang)

The concept of learning anywhere and anytime is unable to be fully implemented because user need to find comfortable place, which is required, to follow the study. User is unable to access learning material in a way that practical, easy to use and easy to access. Based on that fact, system or application for mobile device such as hand phone, PDA or smart phone is needed.The m-learning application is developed by Computer-Based System Engineering Method based on the principal of software engineering using development steps of System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). SDLC consists of the following steps, analysis, design, implementation, testing and evaluation. Trials as alpha-test, carried out to determine operability of m-learning system on handheld devices. Trial is taken by creating trial class followed by 25 students to receive feedback about the m-learning system. Feedback result shows almost 90% of respondents consider the m-learning system is easy to use.

Open Source Based M-Learning Application for Supporting Distance Learning

Learning activities are not limited to the delivery of theory content and evaluation, but they also include some experiment activity in laboratory. Some subjects require experiments activity in the laboratory, i.e. Biology, Mathematics, Chemistry and Physics. Those subjects demand the educational institution, high school in this occasion, to provide facilities and infrastructure in the form of laboratory equipment in order to support experiment activities. However, the experiment activity currently conducted in laboratory not yet suffice the need of student to learn independently. An additional experiment activity is needed, in such way that takes time other than learning hour and can be done independently. Laboratory access must not limited to attending school laboratory physically, in a sense that nonphysical laboratory such as virtual laboratory may also be included. This research result an implementation of virtual laboratory in the form of computer application that is available anybody for experiments with affordable cost at any given time and place as long as connected to main server provider.

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Virtual Laboratory Implementation To Support High School Learning

Dewasa ini akses sebuah aplikasi web dapat melalui smartphone maupun tablet, sehingga terdapat tuntutan aplikasi web yang biasanya diakses melalui komputer, tetap responsif terhadap ukuran layar smartphone maupun tablet. Teknik tersebut dinamakan responsive web design, sebuah teknik yang digunakan desainer website untuk memberikan pengalaman visual yang elegan tanpa mempedulikan ukuran browser yang digunakan dan batasan apapun tentang cara mengakses perangkat tersebut. Berbagai sistem berbasis web lambat laun mulai menerapkan responsive web design termasuk sistem pembelajaran. Sebuah sistem pembelajaran rata-rata didesain sama untuk semua siswa yang mengikutinya. Hal ini tentu saja oleh siswa dirasa tidak cukup untuk memahami materi yang tersedia di sistem pembelajaran, mengingat gaya belajar setiap siswa berlainan. Sistem modul online adaptif diharapkan mampu menyediakan sumber pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan gaya belajar siswa. Sistem tersebut juga mampu mengakomodir lingkungan pembelajaran sesuai dengan gaya belajar siswa. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu sebuah sistem modul online adaptif yang dapat mengakomodir pembelajaran sesuai dengan gaya belajar siswa dan dapat diakses dimanapun, kapanpun, dan menggunakan perangkat genggam apapun sehingga diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi pada bidang pendidikan sekaligus personalisasi gaya belajar siswa.

Penerapan responsive web design dalam perancangan sistem modul online adaptif

The concept of learning at any time and any place is unable to get fully implemented yet. The reason is that the currently available e-learning system requires a personal computer to access it. Moreover, users need to find convenient place to access the e-learning. In order to implement the concept, an applications of electronic distance learning that run on mobile device, such as cell phone, personnel digital assistant (PDA), or smart phone, is needed. The application is called mobile learning (m-learning). A different approach to design m-learning application is required due to the differences in mobile device and personal computer nature. This study implements Code Igniter (CI) framework that support model-view-controller (MVC) programming technique in order to decrease application development time. It may happen since Code Igniter provides a set of libraries that provides basic functionality to solve common problems. Using Code Igniter, developers no longer need to develop application from scratch and may directly focus on the codes that build m-learning application functionality.

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Victor Gayuh Utomo

Papers

Rancang bangun aplikasi mobile untuk notifikasi jadwal kuliah berbasis android (studi kasus : stmik provisi semarang)

Open Source Based M-Learning Application for Supporting Distance Learning

Virtual Laboratory Implementation To Support High School Learning

Penerapan responsive web design dalam perancangan sistem modul online adaptif

Implementing Code Igniter Framework in Open Source Mobile Learning Application