Primary hepatic tumors of childhood.

This category of ovarian neoplasms includes all those that contain granulosa cells, theca cells and their luteinized derivatives, Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and fibroblasts of gonadal stromal origin, singly or in various combinations, and in varying degrees of differentiation.247–250,311,316,320 The generic terms that have been most widely applied to these tumors reflect differing views of gonadal embryology. Those investigators who are convinced that all the cell types listed above are derived from the mesenchyme, or specialized stroma, of the genital ridge have proposed the terms mesenchymomas 44 and gonadal stromal tumors for these neoplasms.197,198,204 In contrast, other investigators, recognizing that many embryologists favor the participation of coelomic and mesonephric epithelium in the formation of the sex cords, which are the proximal precursors of granulosa and Sertoli cells, have preferred the terms sex cord-mesenchyme tumors 187,244 and sex cord-stromal tumors. 257

Sex Cord-Stromal, Steroid Cell, and Other Ovarian Tumors with Endocrine, Paraendocrine, and Paraneoplastic Manifestations

Three new cases of chromosome 3 rearrangement in bands q21 and q26 with abnormal thrombopoiesis bring further evidence to the existence of a 3q21q26 syndrome.

https://www.annalsthoracicsurgery.org/article/0003-4975(89)90381-0/pdf

Apparent coagulopathy caused by infusion of shed mediastinal blood and its prevention by washing of the infusate

A protocol was presented for uniform evaluation and reporting of hematologic data in veterinary clinical laboratories The protocol was used in the Clinical Pathology Laboratory at Michigan State University for 2 years and was found to improve the recognition and quantification of morphologic changes in blood smears

Uniform evaluation and semiquantitative reporting of hematologic data in veterinary laboratories.

Myelodysplastic changes have recently been described in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The authors report a patient with AIDS-related complex and myelodysplasia who rapidly progressed to acute myeloblastic leukemia. Infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) was documented by culture and by serology. Chromosome studies showed monosomy of chromosome 7 and structural abnormality of the long arm of chromosome 3. The association of HTLV-III infection with myelodysplasia and acute myeloblastic leukemia may have been coincidental in this reported case, but it is also possible that the leukemia was secondary to the HTLV-III infection. Further investigation appears justified.

Myelodysplasia progressing to acute myeloblastic leukemia in an HTLV-III virus-positive homosexual man with AIDS-related complex.

Two infants, a sister with motor retardation and brother with slight microcephaly and an undescended testis, died of hepatoblastoma. Only another documented familial occurrence of this tumor, affecting siblings of the same sex, can be found in the literature. The two patients described in this paper exhibited high platelet counts prior to liver resection. Although iron deficiency may have contributed to the thrombocytosis, the finding of many megakariocytes within the hepatoblastomas suggests an intra-tumoral production of platelets. An epidemiological investigation of the family under study failed to yield conclusive data. Hepatoblastoma is a rare tumor, but it may affect more than one sibling. Therefore, periodic clinical and laboratory evaluations of the siblings at risk appear to be justified.

Hepatoblastoma in infant sister and brother.

The coagulation system was investigated in five dogs undergoing autotransfusion from experimental hemothorax. One fourth of the blood volume was bled into the pleural space, drained, and autotransfused. The hemothorax blood showed: very prolonged PT and PTT; very low platelets and fibrinogen; midly elevated FDP; very low coagulation factors VIII, and V; reduced XII, prothrombin, X, XI, and VII. Partial clotting, mild fibrinolysis, and fibrin deposition over the pulmonary pleura seemed to cause incoagulability of hemothorax blood. Post autotransfusion arterial blood showed: normal PT and PTT; 25% decrease in platelets, and 31% decrease in fibrinogen from baseline values. There was also an overall 20% reduction of fibrinogen from baseline values. There was also an overall 20% reduction of all clotting factors, but their levels remained above 50% activity. It was concluded that autotransfusion from a hemothorax of 25% the blood volume in dogs causes a mild loss of hemostatic components, but does not significantly compromise the clotting mechanism.

Autotransfusion from experimental hemothorax: levels of coagulation factors.

An unusual case of pancytopenia associated with a granulosa-cell tumor of the ovary in a 44-year-old woman is reported. Initially the patient was thought to have the rare, but well recognized, syndrome of hemolytic anemia complicating an ovarian tumor. However, laboratory studies and clinical follow-up ruled out hyperhemolysis and documented a condition of bone-marrow failure. Excision of the massive tumor was followed by hematologic recovery, which has now lasted more than a year and a half.

Pancytopenia associated with a granulosa-cell tumor of the ovary. Report of a case.

The authors assessed the diagnostic value of the plasma anti-thrombin III (AT III) assay in 112 adult hospitalized patients with abnormal hemostatic parameters, using the Protopath procedure. In 100 patients tested only once, low AT III was observed in 25 of 29 cases of acute disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC); 7 of 10 with infections; 8 of 11 with acute liver disease; 19 of 20 with chronic liver disease; and 16 of 30 with other illnesses. The authors conclude that the assay cannot distinguish among disease categories, although it is a sensitive index of DIC. AT III was also repeatedly measured at various time intervals in 12 additional patients. The results suggest enhancement of the diagnostic and prognostic value of the assay with serial testing.

Victor M. Napoli

Papers

Myelodysplasia progressing to acute myeloblastic leukemia in an HTLV-III virus-positive homosexual man with AIDS-related complex.

Hepatoblastoma in infant sister and brother.

Autotransfusion from experimental hemothorax: levels of coagulation factors.

Pancytopenia associated with a granulosa-cell tumor of the ovary. Report of a case.

Fluorometric Assay of Antithrombin III: Diagnostic Value in 112 Patients with Abnormal Hemostasis