Daily activity pattern and population dynamic of fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis complex on citrus plantation at highland Karo district North Sumatera Province. The fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis complex is important pest on citrus plantation at highland Karo district North Sumatera Province. The studies with the aim to find out its daily activity pattern and population dynamic on citrus plantation have been done. Fruit flies were collected by water bottle trap with methyl eugenol attractant. Sampling for daily activity pattern was done per two hours for two months (April to May 2011) from 06.00 a.m until 18.00 p.m. Meanwhile, population dynamic study was conducted on two citrus plantations per four days for nine months (March to November 2011) in the first and third week of each month. The research result showed that B.dorsalis complex was more active during morning at 10.00 to 12.00 a.m. The peak abundance of fruit fly occurred at the end of June until beginning of July. The peak population coincided with the ripening period of fruits, low number of rainy (d) and rainfall (mm) in June and July periods. There was a significant correlation between number of rainy day and rainfall with fruit flies caught per month (R = 0.79; Y = 289.34+14.23X1-15.93X2 ; R2 = 0.62; P < 0.05). The pattern of fruit fly fluctuation in two citrus plantations was similar (rs = 0.47;P < 0.05).

Pola Aktivitas Harian Dan Dinamika Populasi Lalat Buah Bactrocera Dorsalis Complex Pada Pertanaman Jeruk Di Dataran Tinggi Kabupaten Karo Provinsi Sumatera Utara / Binari Manurung

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh umur buah dan faktor iklim terhadap serangan hama penggerek buah jeruk Citripestis sagitiferella. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Batu, Malang mulai bulan Agustus 2001 sampai dengan Juli 2002. Penelitian untuk mendapatkan data serangan penggerek buah jeruk pada berbagai umur buah dan iklim dilakukan dengan metode survei, sedangkan untuk mengetahui komposisi senyawa atsiri pada berbagai umur buah dilakukan dengan jalan ektraksi kulit buah dengan distilasi uap. Minyak hasil ekstraksi tersebut dianalisis komposisinya dengan metode kromatografi gas di Laboratorium Analisis Kimia dan Fisika Pusat Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat serangan C. sagitiferella di lapang dipengaruhi oleh perubahan konsentrasi dari komponen senyawa atsiri dari umur buah yang berbeda dan jumlah hari hujan. Komponen utama minyak atsiri jeruk, yaitu limonen secara sendiri tidak mempunyai pengaruh yang nyata terhadap preferensi ngengat C. sagitiferella, tetapi bersama komponen yang lain berpengaruh meningkatkan preferensi dan jumlah hari hujan yang tinggi meningkatkan tingkat serangan ngengat. Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk monitoring hama penggerek C. sagitiferella sehingga saat pengendalian yang tepat dapat ditentukan. ABSTRACT. Muryati. 2007. The Effect of Fruit Maturity and Climatic Factors on Damage Intensity of Citrus Fruit by Fruit borer Citripestis sagitiferella (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae).The objective of this research was to understand the effect of fruit maturity and climatic factors on damage intensity of citrus fruit by fruit borer C. sagitiferella. The experiment was conducted at Batu, Malang from August 2001 to July 2002. The experiment to observe the fruit damage by citrus fruit borer on several fruit maturity and climatic conditions were conducted by survey method, while the composition of volatile compounds was done by extraction of fruit peel through steam distilation. Characterization of volatile compounds composition were analized by gas chromatography at Laboratorium of Physic and Chemistry Analysis, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. The results showed that damage intensity of fruit caused by C. sagitiferella was influenced by concentration of the component of volatile compounds on the different fruit maturity and the number of the rainy days. Limonen as the dominant component on citrus volatile compounds did not affect the preference of C. sagitiferella moth, but along with other components increased the preference. The high number of rainy days increased fruit damages by the moth. The results of this research was usefull for minitoring programe of C. sagitiferella so that the right time of controlling the pest can exactly be decided.

https://www.ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/jhort/article/download/1004/872

Pengaruh Umur Buah dan Faktor Iklim terhadap Serangan Penggerek Buah Jeruk Citripestis sagitiferella Mr. (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae)

Widyawati AT, Nurbani. 2017. Mini Review : Innovation technology cultivaion of Citrus Tangerines Borneo Prima in East Kalimantan. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 3: 127-131. The demand for high-value commodities such as oranges continues to increase every year. One of the qualities of orange that can not be met by domestic manufacturers is the color of a citrus peel. Most consumers like citrus orange, like mandarin oranges and other citrus imports. Efforts to reduce the national citrus imports is to improve the productivity and quality of citrus orange in Indonesia. Citrus Tangerines Borneo Prima is one of the featured horticultural commodities in East Kalimantan, which has the advantage of being low lying tangerine with orange rind. It Is indispensable citrus cultivation technique is good and right, so that the citrus plant can develop optimally so that later can produce citrus fruit both in quality and quantity.

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Innovation technology cultivation of Citrus Tangerines Borneo Prima in East Kalimantan

The Fertilizing of NPK and the Feasibility of Pummelo’s Farming in Pangkep Regency, South Sulawesi. Pummelo Pangkep has more advantages over other citrus, such as, specific taste, sweet juicy, pink flesh, fair texture flesh, flavorful soft and almost no seeds. The purpose of this study was to (i) know the influence of fertilizers N, P and K in the production of pummelo; (ii) produce pummelo fertilizer recommendations based on the analysis of leaf tissue and define the nutrient adequacy levels and optimal dosage of pummelo; and (iii) analyze the feasibility of pummelo. Research was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) with five treatments consisting of six replicates for each treatment. Each fertilizer (N, P and K) by 90 productive lifespan of pummelo trees less than 7 years old are selected with a relative uniform and healthy level. The treatment for N fertilizer dosage consists of: N= 0, 100, 200, 300, 400; P= 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 P 2 O 5 ; K= 0, 150, 300, 450, 600 K 2 O/tree/year. Each of fertilizer application was conducted in a single study, respectively. The results showed that pummelo recommended fertilizing of N, P and K in low nutrient status, namely: 475.30 g N, 582.24 g P 2 O 5 and 495.75 g K 2 O/tree/year or equal to 1.03 kg urea, 1.62 kg SP-36 and 0.83 KCl kg/tree/year. Based on the calculation of cost, revenue, and profit with 20% of discount factor, it was obtained B/C value of 3.9, NVP with positive value and IRR value that exceeds the standard of DF. It means that pummelo farming system is profitable and feasible for investment.  Keywords: NPK Fertilizer, nutrient status , pummelo farming system ABSTRAK Jeruk pameloPangkep mempunyai kelebihan dibanding jeruk pamelo lain, rasanya spesifik, manis berair, daging buah merah jambu, tekstur daging sedang, beraroma lembut dan hampir tidak berbiji. Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk (i) mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk N,P dan K terhadap produksi jeruk pamelo (ii) membangun rekomendasi pemupukan berdasarkan analisis jaringan daun dan menetapkan tingkat kecukupan hara serta dosis pupuk optimum pada tanaman jeruk pamelo, (iii) analisis kelayakan untuk mengetahui keuntungan usahatani tanaman jeruk pamelo. Penelitian diawali dengan observasi, dan lapangan yang disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan lima perlakuan dan setiap perlakuan terdiri atas enam ulangan. Masing-masing pupuk (N, P dan K) sebanyak 90 pohon tanaman jeruk produktif umur kurang lebih 7 tahun yang dipilih dengan tingkat relatif seragam dan sehat.Perlakuan dosis pupuk N terdiri dari: 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 N; P: 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 P 2 O 5 ; K: 0, 150, 300, 450, 600 K 2 O/tanaman/tahun. Aplikasi pupuk N, P dan K masing-masing dilakukan dalam penelitian tunggal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rekomendasi pemupukan N, P dan K tanaman jeruk pamelo pada status hara rendah, yaitu: 475.30 g N, 582.24 g P 2 O 5 dan 495.75 g K 2 O/tanaman/tahun atau setara dengan 1.03 kg Urea, 1.62 kg SP-36 dan 0,83 kg KCl/tanaman/tahun. Berdasarkan perhitungan biaya, penerimaan, dan keuntungan usahatani jeruk pamelo dengan discount factor 20% diperoleh hasil B/C 3,9, NVP positif dan persentase IRR melebihi DF yang berlaku, yang berarti usahatani jeruk pamelo sangat menguntungkan dan memenuhi kelayakan investasi. Kata kunci : Jeruk pamelo, kelayakan usahatani, pemupukan NPK, status hara

https://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/jpengkajian/article/download/4916/4164

Pemupukan Npk dan Kelayakan USAhatani Jeruk Pamelo di Kabupaten Pangkep Sulawesi Selatan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui preferensi ngengat Citripestis sagitiferella terhadap minyak atsiri yang diekstrak dari tiga varietas jeruk (manis pacitan, besar nambangan, dan siem). Buah jeruk yang digunakan sebagai materi untuk ekstraksi diambil dari Batu, Malang (untuk jeruk manis dan siem) dan Magetan (untuk jeruk besar) pada bulan Juli 2001. Minyak atsiri jeruk diperoleh dengan metode destilasi uap air. Ngengat C. sagitiferella yang digunakan untuk perlakuan diperoleh dengan mengumpulkan larva yang menyerang jeruk manis di Batu Malang pada bulan Oktober 2001, kemudian buah yang terserang dibawa ke laboratorium Ilmu Hama Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta untuk dipelihara sampai menjadi ngengat. Ngengat yang baru muncul kemudian digunakan untuk uji preferensi menggunakan olfaktometer yang berbentuk Y dan terbuat dari tabung kaca py rex. Untuk mengetahui komposisi senyawa kimia dari minyak atsiri jeruk, dilakukan deteksi menggunakan kromatografi gas dan kromatografi gas-spektrofotometri massa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ngengat C. sagitiferella tertarik pada minyak atsiri dari ketiga varietas jeruk. Tingkat preferensi C. sagitiferella tertinggi adalah terhadap minyak atsiri dari jeruk manis, dan selanjutnya jeruk besar dan siem. Minyak atsiri yang diekstrak dari jeruk manis yang berumur 6 bulan lebih menarik ngengat C. sagitiferella dibandingkan yang berumur 2 bulan. The pref er ence of Citripestis sagitiferella moths to vol a tile com pounds of three cit rus va ri et ies. The ob jec tive of this re search was to de ter mine the pref er ence of C. sagitiferella moths to vol a tile com pounds ex tracted from three cit rus va ri et ies (pacitan sweet or ange, nambangan pom elo, and siem or ange). Citrus fruits were taken from Batu, Malang (sweet or ange and siem or ange) and Magetan (pom elo) in July 2001. The vol a tile com pounds were ob tained through a steam distilation method. The lar vae of C. sagitiferella were col lected from dam aged sweet or ange (Batu, Malang) in Oc to ber 2001, and brought to the lab o ra - tory for sub se quent de vel op ment. Newly emerged moths were used in this study. The pref er ence tests were car ried out us ing a Y shape olfactometer. The GC and GC-MS were used to de tect the com po nents of vol a tile com pounds. The re sults showed that C. sagitiferella moths at tracted to vol a tile com pounds ex tracted from all cit rus va ri et ies tested, with sweet or ange was found to be the most pref er a ble, fol lowed by pom elo and siem or ange. Fur ther more, the vol a tile com pounds ex tracted from 6 months (af ter fruit set ting) sweet or ange was more at trac tive for C. sagitiferella moths then the 2 months (af ter fruit set ting) or ange fruit.

Preferensi Ngengat Citripestis sagitiferella terhadap Minyak Atsiri Tiga Varietas Jeruk

Environmental factors, especially climate, soil and pest attack, are limiting factors in citrus production. The purpose of this study was to determine the limiting factors on RGL citrus productivity. This research was carried out in 2019 in Pal VII Village, Bermani Ulu Raya District, Rejang Lebong Regency, Bengkulu Province with seven farmers at the research location. Data was collected from primary and secondary data consist of 10 years climate data, soil characteristics and citrus pest and diseases identification, which are then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the productivity of RGL citrus in the research location was influenced by high rainfall during the fruiting period. Another limiting factor is the relatively low soil nutrient content because farmers generally do not apply fertilization technology that based on crop needs. Pests and diseases that had been potential reduced the productivity and quality of citrus fruits were fruit borers, fruit flies and scurvy, and climate factors also influenced the quality.

Analysis of limiting fators of RGL citrus fruit productivity (study case in Pal VII Village, Bermani Ulu Raya Subdistrict, Rejang Lebong District)

Corn seed shelling process could be done manually or mechanically using motor generated machine. Limited number of available shelling machines become limiting factor for farmer to produce seed with appropriate physical quality. Manual sheller would require enormous time and labour while mechanized sheller would require higher production cost. Simple corn shelling tools could help small scale farmer. Its material was easy to get that consist of pipes connector and screws, with production cost only Rp. 20.000/unit that could be manufactured by famer themselves. This study aims to test tools performance and to study labour efficiency from simple corn sheller tools. This study design with two treatments that with and without using corn sheller tools. The study was carried out by 10 farmers with 3 times replication for each treatment. Each study was carried out using 10 kg dry weight corn. Collected data were shelling time and yields. Data analyses were done using descriptive methods and ANOVA. Technical economic analyses were done to evaluate simple corn sheller suitability. This study showed that simple corn sheller tools from 2" pipe were more efficient 59 minutes 4 second compared to manual shelling from time perspective and reduce labour cost by 38%. Average tools capacity were 12.50 kg/hours and manual labour were 5.63 kg/hours. Tools effectivity from yields; simple corn Sheller was 75.7% while manual labour was 82.8%. Based in economy analysis, tools price was Rp. 20.000 with cost Rp. 800,6/kg and Break-Even Point were 90 Kg/year.

W Mikasari

Papers

Analysis of limiting fators of RGL citrus fruit productivity (study case in Pal VII Village, Bermani Ulu Raya Subdistrict, Rejang Lebong District)

Performance test and economic analyses of Semi Mechanic Corn Sheller