The last two decades have been an era of rapid progress in peptide research. This era was begun by the work of Sanger on the amino acid sequence determination of insulin and by du Vigneaud on the structure determination and synthesis of oxytocin. This period has seen impressive progress in the structure elucidation and synthesis of many peptides of natural origin and of great biological significance, as well as in methods for sequence determination and chemical synthesis of peptides [1–4]. Perfection of techniques and instruments for automatic determination of the amino acid sequence of peptides and proteins has made possible a greatly broadened understanding of genetics and evolution as well as the more chemical areas of mechanism of action of enzymes and hormones, and physical chemistry of peptides and proteins. Effective methods of peptide synthesis are crucial to progress in this area, because only by synthesis can adequate amounts of important peptides be made available for chemical, biologi...

Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis

A rapid, sensitive, and versatile assay for protein using Coomassie brilliant blue G250

Fluorescamine is a new reagent for the detection of primary amines in the picomole range. Its reaction with amines is almost instantaneous at room temperature in aqueous media. The products are highly fluorescent, whereas the reagent and its degradation products are nonfluorescent. Applications are discussed.

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/178/4063/871.full.pdf

Fluorescamine: A Reagent for Assay of Amino Acids, Peptides, Proteins, and Primary Amines in the Picomole Range

Rapid analysis of amino acids using pre-column derivatization.

Thioflavine T (ThT) associates rapidly with aggregated fibrils of the synthetic beta/A4-derived peptides beta(1-28) and beta(1-40), giving rise to a new excitation (ex) (absorption) maximum at 450 nm and enhanced emission (em) at 482 nm, as opposed to the 385 nm (ex) and 445 nm (em) of the free dye. This change is dependent on the aggregated state as monomeric or dimeric peptides do not react, and guanidine dissociation of aggregates destroys the signal. There was no effect of high salt concentrations. Binding to the beta(1-40) is of lower affinity, Kd 2 microM, while it saturates with a Kd of 0.54 microM for beta(1-28). Insulin fibrils converted to a beta-sheet conformation fluoresce intensely with ThT. A variety of polyhydroxy, polyanionic, or polycationic materials fail to interact or impede interaction with the amyloid peptides. This fluorometric technique should allow the kinetic elucidation of the amyloid fibril assembly process as well as the testing of agents that might modulate their assembly or disassembly.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/pro.5560020312

Thioflavine T interaction with synthetic Alzheimer's disease beta-amyloid peptides: detection of amyloid aggregation in solution.

Fluorometric assay of proteins in the nanogram range

Amino acid analysis with fluorescamine at the picomole level

Preparation and properties of a homogeneous aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase from hog kidney

Condensation of ninhydrin with aldehydes and primary amines to yield highly fluorescent ternary products: I. Studies on the Mechanism of the Reaction and Some Characteristics of the Condensation Product

Wallace Dairman

Papers

Fluorescamine: A Reagent for Assay of Amino Acids, Peptides, Proteins, and Primary Amines in the Picomole Range

Fluorometric assay of proteins in the nanogram range

Amino acid analysis with fluorescamine at the picomole level

Preparation and properties of a homogeneous aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase from hog kidney

Condensation of ninhydrin with aldehydes and primary amines to yield highly fluorescent ternary products: I. Studies on the Mechanism of the Reaction and Some Characteristics of the Condensation Product