Buffalo embryos were produced by hand-made cloning using skin fibroblasts from male and female buffaloes (n = 4 each) as donor cells for examining the effect of sex. Although the rate of blastocyst formation (43.8% ± 1.31% vs. 42.2% ± 1.22%) was similar, the total cell number (333 ± 10.4 vs. 270 ± 10.9) was higher (p  female>IVF (in vitro fertilization) blastocysts (p < 0.05). The global level of H3K9me2 was not significantly different between male and female blastocysts and was higher (p < 0.05) compared with that in their IVF counterparts. The relative mRNA abundance of X-chromosome-linked (XIST, HPRT, PGK, and G6PD), apoptosis- (CASPASE3) and pregnancy-related genes (IFN-τ) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) whereas that of DNMT1 was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in female than ...

Effect of Sex of Embryo on Developmental Competence, Epigenetic Status, and Gene Expression in Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Embryos Produced by Hand-Made Cloning

Abnormal Offspring Syndrome

Canada Research Chairs (CRC); Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR); Ontario Veterinary College; OVC Doctoral Scholarship; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Ontario Graduate Fellowship; University of Guelph

Telomere patterning at the chromosome level in matched donor and reprogrammed cell populations: biology, method development and investigation

Dental implant is an artificial tooth root fixed into the jaws to hold a replacement tooth or bridge. Functional surface modifications by organic material such as amelogenin/propolis coating seem to enhance early peri-implant bone formation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of osteocalcin  as bone formation markers in amelogenin/propolis coated and uncoated implant in interval periods(1,2 and 4 weeks). Commercially pure Titanium(cpTi) implants , coated with amelogenin/ propolis, were placed in the tibias of 30 New Zealand white rabbits, histological and immunohistochemical tests for detection of expression of osteocalcin were performed on all the implants of both control and experimental groups for (1,2 and 4 weeks) healing intervals. Histological finding for coated titanium implant with amelogenin/ propolis illustrated an early bone formation, mineralization and maturation in comparison to control. Immunohistochemical finding showed that positive reaction for osteocalcin was expressed by osteoblast cells (OB)at implants coated with amelogenin/ propolis, indicating that bone formation &maturation was accelerated by adding biological materials as a modification modality of implant surface. The present study concludes that coating of implants with amelogenin/ propolis showed increment in osseointegration in short interval period. Keywords : amelogenin, propolis, dental implant, biochemical bone markers, osteocalcin and osseointegration.

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Localization of Osteocalcin in Amelogenin-Propolis Coated Dental Implants in Rabbits

X inactivation is the process of a chromosome-wide silencing of the majority of genes on the X chromosome during early mammalian development This process may be aberrant in cloned animals Here we show that repressive modifications, such as methylation of DNA, and the presence of methylated histones, H3K9me2 and H3K27me3, exhibit distinct aberrance on the inactive X chromosome in live clones In contrast, H3K4me3, an active gene marker, is obviously missing from the inactive X chromosome in all cattle studied This suggests that the disappearance of active histone modifications (H3K4me3) seems to be more important for X inactivation than deposition of marks associated with heterochromatin (DNA methylation, H3K27me3 and H3K9me2) It also implies that even apparently normal clones may have subtle abnormalities in repressive, but not activating epigenetic modifications on the inactive X when they survive to term We also found that the histone H3 methylations were enriched and co-localized at q21-31 of the active X chromosome, which may be associated with an abundance of LINE1 repeat elements

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1440-169X.2009.01120.x

Wang Kun

Papers

Repressive but not activating epigenetic modifications are aberrant on the inactive X chromosome in live cloned cattle