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Corrosion and characterisation of dual phase Mg–Li–Ca alloy in Hank’s solution: The influence of microstructural features

Electrodeposition of metals from non-aqueous solutions

Magnesium–lithium base alloy is one of the lightest metallic engineering materials with a density of 1·35–1·65 g cm−3, which is referred to as superlight materials. It has become an attractive material in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, portable electronics, etc. In this paper, the developing history and recent progress of superlight magnesium–lithium base alloys are reviewed. The progress on molten electrolysis preparation, processing technologies and surface processing technologies are introduced, and future research directions are suggested based on the current research progress.

Recent progress in magnesium–lithium alloys

Effect of alloying elements on the elastic properties of Mg from first-principles calculations

The formation of metallic lithium microstructures in the form of dendrites or mosses at the surface of anode electrodes (e.g., lithium metal, graphite, and silicon) leads to rapid capacity fade and poses grave safety risks in rechargeable lithium batteries. We present here a direct, relative quantitative analysis of lithium deposition on graphite anodes in pouch cells under normal operating conditions, paired with a model cathode material, the layered nickel-rich oxide LiNi0.61Co0.12Mn0.27O2, over the course of 3000 charge–discharge cycles. Secondary-ion mass spectrometry chemically dissects the solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) on extensively cycled graphite with virtually atomic depth resolution and reveals substantial growth of Li-metal deposits. With the absence of apparent kinetic (e.g., fast charging) or stoichiometric restraints (e.g., overcharge) during cycling, we show lithium deposition on graphite is triggered by certain transition-metal ions (manganese in particular) dissolved from the cathod...

Formation and Inhibition of Metallic Lithium Microstructures in Lithium Batteries Driven by Chemical Crossover

Extraction of europium and electrodeposition of Al–Li–Eu alloy from Eu2O3 assisted by AlCl3 in LiCl–KCl melt

Electrodeposition of Zr and electrochemical formation of Mg–Zr alloys from the eutectic LiCl–KCl

Study on the preparation of Mg–Li–Zn alloys by electrochemical codeposition from LiCl–KCl–MgCl2–ZnCl2 melts

Electrochemical behavior of La(III) was studied on liquid Bi electrodes (i.e. Bi pool and Bi coated W electrodes) in LiCl–KCl melts using cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, chronopotentiometry and open circuit chronopotentiometry. In both the electrodes, the electrochemical reduction of La(III) was observed at more positive potential values than that on an inert W electrode, due to the lowering of the activity of La in liquid Bi phase. Cyclic voltammogram, using a Bi pool electrode, suggests that the reduction of La(III) to Lain liquid Bi was a quasi-reversible and diffusion controlled process. The diffusion coefficient of La in liquid Bi metal was measured by chronopotentiometry at 773 K and was evaluated by using the Sutherland–Einstein equation, respectively. Both the values of the diffusion coefficient were of the same order of magnitude. From the cyclic voltammogram and square wave voltammogram obtained on the Bi coated W electrode, five couples of cathodic/anodic peaks were observed at more positive potential than that for La metal on an inert electrode due to the formation of five La–Bi intermetallic compounds. Thermodynamic properties such as activities and relative partial molar Gibbs energies of M (M = La, Li) in the M–Bi alloys as well as Gibbs energies of formation for M–Bi (M = La, Li) intermetallic compounds, LaBi2, LaBi, La4Bi3, La5Bi3, La2Bi and Li3Bi were calculated from the open circuit potential measurement. La–Bi and La–Li–Bi alloys were produced on liquid Bi pool electrodes by galvanostatic and potentiostatic electrolysis, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that La–Bi alloys were comprised of LaBi2, LaBi and La2Bi phases, and LaBi2, LaBi and Li3Bi phases existed in La–Li–Bi alloys.

Electrochemical behavior of La(III) on liquid Bi electrode in LiCl–KCl melts. Determination of thermodynamic properties of La–Bi and Li–Bi intermetallic compounds

Wei Han

Papers

Extraction of europium and electrodeposition of Al–Li–Eu alloy from Eu2O3 assisted by AlCl3 in LiCl–KCl melt

Electrodeposition of Zr and electrochemical formation of Mg–Zr alloys from the eutectic LiCl–KCl

Study on the preparation of Mg–Li–Zn alloys by electrochemical codeposition from LiCl–KCl–MgCl2–ZnCl2 melts

Electrochemical behavior of La(III) on liquid Bi electrode in LiCl–KCl melts. Determination of thermodynamic properties of La–Bi and Li–Bi intermetallic compounds

Progress in preparation of rare earth metals and alloys by electrodeposition in molten salts