[Liu, Chang; Li, Feng; Ma, Lai-Peng; Cheng, Hui-Ming] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.;Cheng, HM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci, 72 Wenhua Rd, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China;cheng@imr.ac.cn

Advanced Materials for Energy Storage

Metal hydride materials for solid hydrogen storage: a review

Note: Times Cited: 875 Reference EPFL-ARTICLE-206025doi:10.1021/cr0501846View record in Web of Science URL: ://WOS:000249839900009 Record created on 2015-03-03, modified on 2017-05-12

/pdf/complex-hydrides-for-hydrogen-storage-vphufvreyb.pdf

Complex hydrides for hydrogen storage.

Widespread adoption of hydrogen as a vehicular fuel depends critically upon the ability to store hydrogen on-board at high volumetric and gravimetric densities, as well as on the ability to extract/insert it at sufficiently rapid rates As current storage methods based on physical means—high-pressure gas or (cryogenic) liquefaction—are unlikely to satisfy targets for performance and cost, a global research effort focusing on the development of chemical means for storing hydrogen in condensed phases has recently emerged At present, no known material exhibits a combination of properties that would enable high-volume automotive applications Thus new materials with improved performance, or new approaches to the synthesis and/or processing of existing materials, are highly desirable In this critical review we provide a practical introduction to the field of hydrogen storage materials research, with an emphasis on (i) the properties necessary for a viable storage material, (ii) the computational and experimental techniques commonly employed in determining these attributes, and (iii) the classes of materials being pursued as candidate storage compounds Starting from the general requirements of a fuel cell vehicle, we summarize how these requirements translate into desired characteristics for the hydrogen storage material Key amongst these are: (a) high gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen density, (b) thermodynamics that allow for reversible hydrogen uptake/release under near-ambient conditions, and (c) fast reaction kinetics To further illustrate these attributes, the four major classes of candidate storage materials—conventional metal hydrides, chemical hydrides, complex hydrides, and sorbent systems—are introduced and their respective performance and prospects for improvement in each of these areas is discussed Finally, we review the most valuable experimental and computational techniques for determining these attributes, highlighting how an approach that couples computational modeling with experiments can significantly accelerate the discovery of novel storage materials (155 references)

http://www-personal.umich.edu/~djsiege/Energy_Storage_Lab/Publications_files/CSR_H2_storage.pdf

High capacity hydrogen storage materials: attributes for automotive applications and techniques for materials discovery

The U.S. Department of Energy's National Hydrogen Storage Project: Progress towards meeting hydrogen-powered vehicle requirements

(LiNH2-MgH2): a viable hydrogen storage system

Thermodynamic and kinetic investigations of the hydrogen storage in the Li–Mg–N–H system

Thermodynamic and structural characterization of the Mg–Li–N–H hydrogen storage system

Stepwise solid-state reaction between LiNH2 and LiAlH4 at a molar ratio of 2:1 is investigated in this paper. It is observed that approximately four H atoms are evolved from a mixture of LiNH2–LiAlH4 (2:1) after mechanical ball milling. The transformation of tetrahedral [AlH4]– in LiAlH4 to the octahedral [AlH6]3– in Li3AlH6 is observed after ball milling LiAlH4 with LiNH2. Al–N bonding is identified by using solid-state 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements. The NMR data, together with the results of X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform IR measurements, indicate that a Li–Al–N–H intermediate with the chemical composition of Li3AlN2H4 forms after ball milling. Heating the post-milled sample to 500 °C results in the liberation of an additional four H atoms and the formation of Li3AlN2. More than 5 wt % hydrogen can be reversibly stored by Li3AlN2. The hydrogenated sample contains LiNH2, LiH, and AlN. The role of AlN in the reversible hydrogen storage over Li–Al–N–H is discussed.

Reversible hydrogen storage by a Li-Al-N-H complex

Isothermal and non-isothermal kinetic measurements on the chemical reaction between Mg(NH2)(2) and LiH, as well as the thermal decomposition of Mg(NH(2))(2), give apparent activation energies of 88.1 and 130 kJ/mol, respectively, which reveal that the thermal decomposition of Mg(NH2)(2) is unlikely to be an elementary step in the chemical reaction of Mg(NH2)(2) and 2LiH. The H-D exchange between H(delta+) in Mg(NH2)(2) and D(delta-) in LiD gives evidence for the coordinated interaction between amide and hydride. The observed linear and nonlinear kinetic growth in the reaction of Mg(NH2)(2)-2LiH indicates that the reaction rate is controlled by the interface reaction in the early stage of the reaction and by mass transport through the imide layer in the later stage. Both particle size and degree of mixing of the reacting species affect the overall kinetics of the reactions.

Weifang Luo

Papers

(LiNH2-MgH2): a viable hydrogen storage system

Thermodynamic and kinetic investigations of the hydrogen storage in the Li–Mg–N–H system

Thermodynamic and structural characterization of the Mg–Li–N–H hydrogen storage system

Reversible hydrogen storage by a Li-Al-N-H complex

Mechanistic investigations on the heterogeneous solid-state reaction of magnesium amides and lithium hydrides.