In medical practice, blood pressure is intensively studied parameter and often measured for diagnosis at primary healthcare level. In this paper, the state-of-the-art Bluetooth technology has been used for designing an innovative wireless blood pressure monitoring system to display the systolic and diastolic blood pressure values on Android-based smartphone. A pilot study was undertaken on 12 healthy subjects to validate the performance of developed prototype by comparing with OMRON HEM-7111 and mercury sphygmomanometer. Comparison shows an accuracy of 98.63% and 97.13% with OMRON HEM-7111 and 98.99% and 98% with mercury sphygmomanometer for systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, respectively. Bias value in Bland-Altman plots gives good level of agreement within 95% confidence limits. The developed prototype device mean and standard deviation of differences is less than 5 and 8 mmHg, respectively, and it fulfills the recommendation criteria as per the requirement of the Association for Advancement of Medical Instruments protocol.

Performance and Evaluation of Smartphone Based Wireless Blood Pressure Monitoring System Using Bluetooth

Technology advancements in healthcare give us a platform to address ever-changing patient requirements and healthcare reforms. Remote Health Monitoring Systems, which work in real time, have been identified as a solution to address the issue that current healthcare facilities may not be able to handle huge crowds of people in an efficient manner. This paper discusses the design and development of a system for real-time monitoring of health and important body parameters like blood pressure, body temperature and pulse rate, using sensors connected to a system on chip. The data is stored in cloud using Internet of things, and the collected along with preliminary analysis is communicated to the user, as well as healthcare providers, and next of kin, alerting them to any possible emergencies.

IoT-Based Intelligent Healthcare Module

In this work, a real time blood pressure, temperature measurement and reporting system for inpatients was developed. The function of this system is to constantly measure the blood pressure and temperature of a patient and send the measured values to the medical doctor or other relevant care givers through wireless link. The system is built around the STM32F103C8 Microcontroller programmed in C language which performs the overall control action and interfaces with other peripherals like MPX5050GP and the DS18B20 which acts as primary sensors for blood pressure and temperature respectively. The health monitoring system was designed, constructed and tested. The results of blood pressure and body temperature measurements were compared with those of an OMRON blood pressure monitor and a clinical thermometer respectively. The deviations in measurements are on average ±4 mmHg and ±0.17°C for blood pressure and temperature respectively. This is considered satisfactory as the measurement error is found to be within tolerable limits.

	Key words: Microcontroller, blood pressure sensor, temperature sensor, wireless link.

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Development of a real time blood pressure, temperature measurement and reporting system for inpatients

Background: Stroke, as a leading cause of death around the globe, has become a heavy burden on our society. Studies show that stroke can be predicted and prevented if a person’s blood pressure (BP) status is appropriately monitored via an ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM) system. However, currently there exists no efficient and user-friendly ABPM system to provide early warning for stroke risk in real-time. Moreover, most existing ABPM devices measure BP during the deflation of the cuff, which fails to reflect blood pressure accurately. Objective: In this study, we sought to develop a new ABPM mobile health (mHealth) system that was capable of monitoring blood pressure during inflation and could detect early stroke-risk signals in real-time. Methods: We designed an ABPM mHealth system that is based on mobile network infrastructure and mobile apps. The proposed system contains two major parts: a new ABPM device in which an inflation-type BP measurement algorithm is embedded, and an abnormal blood pressure data analysis algorithm for stroke-risk prediction services at our health data service center. For evaluation, the ABPM device was first tested using simulated signals and compared with the gold standard of a mercury sphygmomanometer. Then, the performance of our proposed mHealth system was evaluated in an observational study. Results: The results are presented in two main parts: the device test and the longitudinal observational studies of the presented system. The average measurement error of the new ABPM device with the inflation-type algorithm was less than 0.55 mmHg compared to a reference device using simulated signals. Moreover, the results of correlation coefficients and agreement analyses show that there is a strong linear correlation between our device and the standard mercury sphygmomanometer. In the case of the system observational study, we collected a data set with 88 features, including real-time data, user information, and user records. Our abnormal blood pressure data analysis algorithm achieved the best performance, with an area under the curve of 0.904 for the low risk level, 0.756 for the caution risk level, and 0.912 for the high-risk level. Our system enables a patient to be aware of their risk in real-time, which improves medication adherence with risk self-management. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this device is the first ABPM device that measures blood pressure during the inflation process and has obtained a government medical license. Device tests and longitudinal observational studies were conducted in Peking University hospitals, and they showed the device’s high accuracy for BP measurements, its efficiency in detecting early signs of stroke, and its efficiency at providing an early warning for stroke risk.

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An Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitor Mobile Health System for Early Warning for Stroke Risk: Longitudinal Observational Study.

Now a day’s there is a lot of research going on medical field equipment, patients care by adapting newly evolved electronics technology. In addition to this remote patient monitoring is one of the major task for the hospital. This paper presents continuous monitoring of a patient in a Intensive Care Unit [ICU] by the device that is capable of remotely acquiring, and post the data to the suitable person who is taking care of a particular ICU in a real time situation. The parameters include ECG, EEG, Systolic and diastolic Blood Pressure (BP), Saturation Point of Oxygen in a blood. The acquired data of the above mentioned cardiac monitors to the cloud server by calling web service and post the data to the data base, the processing of the data will be done through the early designed specific software and plotted on the screen of the laptop, only if the Android devices are not in the range of the IoT.

Continuous Monitoring of Patient in Intensive Care Unit through a Smart Internet of Things Device

In this paper, a kind of non-invasive cuff blood pressure monitoring system is designed and presented. This device provides a useful system for people to measure their daily blood pressure and achieve early diagnosis of hypertension. The pressure signal is collected by the pressure senor and this proposed design includes a ZigBee wireless transmission module, in order to send BP data to the Information System in real time. In addition, the structure of the system is designed to a portable low power consumption device which is convenient to operate especially for senior citizens. This monitoring system can also be extended into the platform for mobile telemedicine system, including ECG and blood oxygen monitoring system.

Wen Jia-bao

Papers

Design of electronic blood pressure monitoring system based on mobile telemedicine system