Preface to the Princeton Landmarks in Biology Edition vii Preface xi Symbols Used xiii 1. The Importance of Islands 3 2. Area and Number of Speicies 8 3. Further Explanations of the Area-Diversity Pattern 19 4. The Strategy of Colonization 68 5. Invasibility and the Variable Niche 94 6. Stepping Stones and Biotic Exchange 123 7. Evolutionary Changes Following Colonization 145 8. Prospect 181 Glossary 185 References 193 Index 201

The Theory of Island Biogeography

Statistics for Spatial Data.

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Modern Applied Statistics With S

Doing Qualitative Research

Bees are the most important pollinator taxon; therefore, understanding the scale at which they forage has important ecological implications and conservation applications. The foraging ranges for most bee species are unknown. Foraging distance information is critical for understanding the scale at which bee populations respond to the landscape, assessing the role of bee pollinators in affecting plant population structure, planning conservation strategies for plants, and designing bee habitat refugia that maintain pollination function for wild and crop plants. We used data from 96 records of 62 bee species to determine whether body size predicts foraging distance. We regressed maximum and typical foraging distances on body size and found highly significant and explanatory nonlinear relationships. We used a second data set to: (1) compare observed reports of foraging distance to the distances predicted by our regression equations and (2) assess the biases inherent to the different techniques that have been used to assess foraging distance. The equations we present can be used to predict foraging distances for many bee species, based on a simple measurement of body size.

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Bee foraging ranges and their relationship to body size.

Relationships between visual landscape preferences and map-based indicators of landscape structure

Landscape ecology has emerged in the past decade as an important and useful tool for land-use planners and landscape architects. While professionals and scholars have begun to incorporate aspects of this new field into their work, there remains a need for a summary of key principles and how they might be applied in design and planning.This volume fills that need. It is a concise handbook that lists and illustrates key principles in the field, presenting specific examples of how the principles can be applied in a range of scales and diverse types of landscapes around the world.Chapters cover: patches -- size, number, and location edges and boundaries corridors and connectivity mosaics summaries of case studies from around the world

Landscape Ecology Principles in Landscape Architecture and Land-Use Planning

Integrating landscape-based values—Norwegian monitoring of agricultural landscapes

Patterns of change in two contrasting Norwegian agricultural landscapes

This paper questions whether bumblebees really forage as close to their nests as has commonly been assumed in the bumblebee literature Three experiments are described that involved marking and reobservation bumblebees None of these experiments showed any tendency for bumblebees to concentrate their foraging close to (eg, within 50 m from) the nest Rather, the results suggested that bumblebees may prefer to forage at some distance from their nest Further, a closer review of the bumblebee literature showed that similar findings were quite common Some possible explanations to the observed behavior patterns are given as outlines for further research

Wenche Dramstad

Papers

Relationships between visual landscape preferences and map-based indicators of landscape structure

Landscape Ecology Principles in Landscape Architecture and Land-Use Planning

Integrating landscape-based values—Norwegian monitoring of agricultural landscapes

Patterns of change in two contrasting Norwegian agricultural landscapes

Do bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) really forage close to their nests?