Research in the use of organic polymers as the active semiconductors in light-emitting diodes has advanced rapidly, and prototype devices now meet realistic specifications for applications. These achievements have provided insight into many aspects of the background science, from design and synthesis of materials, through materials fabrication issues, to the semiconductor physics of these polymers.

Electroluminescence in conjugated polymers

-phenylenevinylene)s L4. Fluorene-Based Conjugated Polymers L4.1. Fluorene-Based Copolymers ContainingElectron-Rich MoietiesM4.2. Fluorene-Based Copolymers ContainingElectron-Deﬁcient MoietiesN4.3. Fluorene-Based Copolymers ContainingPhosphorescent ComplexesQ5. Carbazole-Based Conjugated Polymers R5.1. Poly(2,7-carbazole)-Based Polymers R5.2. Indolo[3,2-

https://ir.nctu.edu.tw:443/bitstream/11536/6508/1/000271856900020.pdf

Synthesis of Conjugated Polymers for Organic Solar Cell Applications

About Supramolecular Assemblies of π-Conjugated Systems

A review was presented to demonstrate a historical description of the synthesis of light-emitting conjugated polymers for applications in electroluminescent devices. Electroluminescence (EL) was first reported in poly(para-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) in 1990 and researchers continued to make significant efforts to develop conjugated materials as the active units in light-emitting devices (LED) to be used in display applications. Conjugated oligomers were used as luminescent materials and as models for conjugated polymers in the review. Oligomers were used to demonstrate a structure and property relationship to determine a key polymer property or to demonstrate a technique that was to be applied to polymers. The review focused on demonstrating the way polymer structures were made and the way their properties were controlled by intelligent and rational and synthetic design.

Synthesis of Light-Emitting Conjugated Polymers for Applications in Electroluminescent Devices

Electron and ambipolar transport in organic field-effect transistors.

Soluble PPVs with Enhanced Performance—A Mechanistic Approach

Soluble Phenyl‐Substituted PPVs—New Materials for Highly Efficient Polymer LEDs

Conjugated polymers (I) contg. recurring units, having a 9,9'-spiro-bifluorene ring system, of formula (II) are new: A, B, C, D = 1-15 arylene, heteroarylene and/or vinylene gps. and these and the spiro-bifluorene ring system may be substd.; S = H or a substit., m, n = 0 or 1. Also claimed are: (a) the use of (I) as electroluminescent material; (b) electroluminescent material contg. (I); (c) prodn. of the material by applying a (I) film to a substrate; and (d) electroluminescent device with active layer(s), at least one or which contains (I).

Conjugated polymers with a spiro atom and their use as electroluminescent materials

The use of spiro cpds. of formula (I) in electroluminescent devices is claimed. In (I), K1, K2 = conjugated systems. Also claimed are spiro cpds. of formula (IA); electroluminescent devices contg. cpd(s). (I); and organic electroluminescent material. In (IA), A, B, K, L, M, N = R-Q-(T)m-(CH=CH)n-, R1-(T)m-(CH=CH)n-, R-Q-(CH=CH)n-(T)m-, R1-(CH=CH)n-(T)m-, R1-(T)p-(CH=CH)n-(T)m- or R2R3N-; and A, B may also = a 1-22 C alkyl, alkoxy or ester gp., CN, NO2; Ar or -O-Ar; Q = (a (het)arylene gp. of formula (II); and T = a (het)arylene gp. of formula (III): Ar = phenyl, biphenyl, 1- or 2-naphthyl, 2-thienyl or 2-furanyl, opt. mono- or di-substd. by R; m, n, p - 0, 1, 2 or 3; X, Y = CR or N; X = -O-, -S-, -CR1R4, -CH=CH- or -CH=N-; R, R1, R4 = H, a 1-22 C alkyl, alkoxy or ester gp., CN, NO2, -NR2R3, Ar or -O-Ar; R2, R3 = H, 1-22 C alkyl, Ar or 3-methylphenyl.

Spiro compounds and their application as electroluminescence materials

The invention relates to poly(p-arylene vinylenes), containing repeating unit of formula (I), wherein the symbols and indices have the following meanings; Y?1, Y2, Y3? are the same or different and means CH, N; aryl stands for an aryl group with 14 C atoms; R', R'' are the same or different and mean a straight-chained, branched or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy group with 1 to 20 atoms, wherein one or several non-adjacent CH?2? groups can be substituted by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -O-CO-, -NR?1, -(NR2R3)+-A-?, or -CONR4-, and wherein one or several H atoms can be substituted by F; R', R'' are CN, F, Cl or an aryl group with 4 to 14 C atoms, which can be substituted by one or several nonaromatic radicals R', R?1, R2, R3, R4? are the same or different and mean aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals with 1 to 20 C atoms or also H. A- is a single charged anion or the equivalent thereof; m means 0, 1 or 2; n stands for 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5. Said substances are suitable as electroluminescent materials.

Willi Kreuder

Papers

Soluble PPVs with Enhanced Performance—A Mechanistic Approach

Soluble Phenyl‐Substituted PPVs—New Materials for Highly Efficient Polymer LEDs

Conjugated polymers with a spiro atom and their use as electroluminescent materials

Spiro compounds and their application as electroluminescence materials

ARYL-SUBSTITUTED POLY(p-ARYLENE VINYLENES), METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION AND USE THEREOF IN ELECTROLUMINESCENT COMPONENTS