This book, written by two major figures in adaptive control, provides a wealth of material for researchers, practitioners, and students. While some researchers in adaptive control may note the absence of a particular topic, the book‘s scope represents a high-gain instrument. It can be used by designers of control systems to enhance their work through the information on many new theoretical developments, and can be used by mathematical control theory specialists to adapt their research to practical needs. The book is strongly recommended to anyone interested in adaptive control.

Adaptive Control

Dynamics and stability of lean-premixed swirl-stabilized combustion

A network-enabled audio device that provides a display device that allows the user to select playlists of music much like a jukebox is disclosed. The user can compose playlists from disk files, CD's, Internet streaming audio broadcasts, online music sites, and other audio sources. The user can also select a desired Web broadcast from a list of available Web broadcasts. In addition, the user can play standard audio CD's and MP3 encoded CD's and have access to local AM/FM stations. Further, the software, the user controls, and the display in the network-enabled audio device are operably configured and connected such that the user can listen to playlists that include CD's and other audio sources just as the user would choose a playlist in a jukebox.

Method and device for obtaining playlist content over a network

Stochastic Optimal Control

Preface. 1. SINGLE DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEMS. Introduction. Spring-Mass System. Spring-Mass-Damper System. Forced Response. Transfer Functions and Frequency Methods. Measurement and Testing. Stability. Design and Control of Vibrations. Nonlinear Vibrations. Computing and Simulation in Matlab. Chapter Notes. References. Problems. 2. LUMPED PARAMETER MODELS. Introduction. Classifications of Systems. Feedback Control Systems. Examples. Experimental Models. Influence Methods. Nonlinear Models and Equilibrium. Chapter Notes. References. Problems. 3. MATRICES AND THE FREE RESPONSE. Introduction. Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors. Natural Frequencies and Mode Shapes. Canonical Forms. Lambda Matrices. Oscillation Results. Eigenvalue Estimates. Computational Eigenvalue Problems in Matlab. Numerical Simulation of the Time Response in Matlab. Chapter Notes. References. Problems. 4. STABILITY. Introduction. Lyapunov Stability. Conservative Systems. Systems with Damping. Semidefinite Damping . Gyroscopic Systems. Damped Gyroscopic Systems. Circulatory Systems. Asymmetric Systems. Feedback Systems. Stability in the State Space. Stability Boundaries. Chapter Notes. References. Problems. 5. FORCED RESPONSE OF LUMPED PARAMETER SYSTEMS. Introduction. Response via State Space Methods. Decoupling Conditions and Modal Analysis. Response of Systems with Damping. Bounded-Input, Bounded-Output Stability. Response Bounds. Frequency Response Methods. Numerical Simulations in Matlab. Chapter Notes. References. Problems. 6. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS. Introduction. Isolators and Absorbers. Optimization Methods. Damping Design. Design Sensitivity and Redesign. Passive and Active Control. Design Specifications. Model Reduction. Chapter Notes. References. Problems. 7. CONTROL OF VIBRATIONS. Introduction. Controllability and Observability. Eigenstructure Assignment. Optimal Control. Observers (Estimators). Realization. Reduced-Order Modeling. Modal Control in State Space. Modal Control in Physical Space. Robustness. Positive Position Feedback Control. Matlab Commands for Control Calculations. Chapter Notes. References. Problems. 8. VIBRATION MEASUREMENT. Introduction. Measurement Hardware. Digital Signal Processing. Random Signal Analysis. Modal Data Extraction (Frequency Domain). Modal Data Extraction (Time Domain). Model Identification. Model Updating. Chapter Notes. References. Problems. 9. DISTRIBUTED PARAMETER MODELS. Introduction. Vibrations of Strings. Rods and Bars. Vibration of Beams. Membranes and Plates. Layered Materials. Viscous Damping. Chapter Notes. References. Problems. 10. FORMAL METHODS OF SOLUTION. Introduction. Boundary Value Problems and Eigenfunctions. Modal Analysis of the Free Response. Modal Analysis in Damped Systems. Transform Methods. Green's Functions. Chapter Notes. References. Problems. 11. OPERATORS AND THE FREE RESPONSE. Introduction. Hilbert Spaces. Expansion Theorems. Linear Operators. Compact Operators. Theoretical Modal Analysis. Eigenvalue Estimates. Enclosure Theorems. Oscillation Theory. Chapter Notes. References. Problems. 12. FORCED RESPONSE AND CONTROL. Introduction. Response by Modal Analysis. Modal Design Criteria. Combined Dynamical Systems. Passive Control and Design. Distribution Modal Control. Nonmodal Distributed Control. State Space Control Analysis. Chapter Notes. References. Problems. 13. APPROXIMATIONS OF DISTRIBUTED PARAMETER MODELS. Introduction. Modal Truncation. Rayleigh- Ritz-Galerkin Approximations. Finite Element Method. Substructure Analysis. Truncation in the Presence of Control. Impedance Method of Truncation and Control. Chapter Notes. References. Problems. APPENDIX A: COMMENTS ON UNITS. APPENDIX B: SUPPLEMENTARY MATHEMATICS. Index.

Vibration With Control

The invention enables the inclusion of voice and remaining audio information at different parts of the audio production process. In particular, the invention embodies special techniques for VRA-capable digital mastering and accommodation of VRA by those classes of audio compression formats that sustain less losses of audio data as compared to any codecs that sustain comparable net losses equal or greater than the AC3 compression format. The invention facilitates an end-listener's voice-to-remaining audio (VRA) adjustment upon the playback of digital audio media formats by focusing on new configurations of multiple parts of the entire digital audio system, thereby enabling a new technique intended to benefit audio end-users (end-listeners) who wish to control the ratio of the primary vocal/dialog content of an audio program relative to the remaining portion of the audio content in that program.

Method and apparatus for accommodating primary content audio and secondary content remaining audio capability in the digital audio production process

The objective is to use active control to suppress the acoustic energy that is radiated to the far field from a structure that has been excited by a short‐duration pulse. The problem is constrained by the assumption that the far‐field pressure cannot be directly measured. Therefore, a method is developed for estimating the total radiated energy from measurements on the structure. Using this estimate as a cost function, a feedback controller is designed using linear quadratic regulator theory to minimize the cost. Computer simulations of a clamped–clamped beam show that there is appreciable difference in the total radiated energy between a system with a controller designed to suppress vibrations of the structure and a system with a controller that takes into account the coupling of these vibrations to the surrounding fluid. The results of this work provide a framework for a general, model‐based method for actively suppressing transient structural acoustic radiation that can also be applied to steady, narrow, or broadband disturbances.

/pdf/active-suppression-of-acoustic-radiation-from-impulsively-169ll9i0we.pdf

Active suppression of acoustic radiation from impulsively excited structures

The present invention is a method for mixing audio signals based on the preference from hearing impaired listeners, as well as non-hearing impaired listeners, without forcing hearing impaired individuals to employ special hearing-impaired equipment. A user activated controller (10, 11) controls a mixture of a preferred audio signal and a remaining audio signal across a range sufficiently wide enough to encompass all individuals. The preferred audio is recorded and maintained separated from all remaining audio and delivered to the listener in a manner that maintains this separation. The controller (10, 11) enables the user to specify a range about the ratio in which the audio may vary, which permits the listener to expand the audio across a continuous range to whatever dynamic range his hearing can accommodate. The controller (10, 11) automatically adjusts to changes in incoming audio. The controller (10, 11) can react to relatively slowly moving changes or prevent short bursts of sound in remaining audio from modifying the signal levels. The combination of the ability to control the mixing ratio and to specify the dynamic range of the ratio in which the audio may vary, coupled with the ability to automatically adjust the signal levels in response to sudden changes in incoming audio, provides a powerful user capability that truly optimizes the listening experience for any listener.

User adjustable volume control that accommodates hearing

A method for decoding an audio signal includes receiving a digital audio signal having a plurality of channels defined thereon, wherein one of the plurality of channels is a center channel and at least one of the other of said plurality of channels is a remaining audio channel; comparing the center channel with the at least one of the other of the plurality of channels to determine a ratio of the center channel to the other of the plurality of channels; and automatically adjusting the center channel and the at least one of the plurality of other channels when a predetermined value for the ratio is not met.

Voice-to-remaining audio (VRA) interactive center channel downmix

To add damping to systems, viscoelastic materials (VEM) are added to structures. In order to enhance the damping effects of the VEM, a constraining layer is attached, creating a passive constrained layer damping (PCLD) treatment. When this constraining layer is an active element, the treatment is called active constrained layer damping (ACLD). Recently, the investigation of ACLD treatments has shown it to be an effective method of vibration suppression. In this paper, the treatment of a beam with a separate active and PCLD element will be investigated. Two new hybrid variations will be introduced. A Ritz-Galerkin approach is used to obtain discretized equations of motion. The damping is modeled using the Golla-Hughes-McTavish (GHM) method and the system is analyzed in the time domain. By optimizing on the performance and control effort for both the active and passive case, it will be shown that hybrid treatment is capable of lower control effort with more inherent damping, and is therefore a better approa...

William R. Saunders

Papers

Method and apparatus for accommodating primary content audio and secondary content remaining audio capability in the digital audio production process

Active suppression of acoustic radiation from impulsively excited structures

User adjustable volume control that accommodates hearing

Voice-to-remaining audio (VRA) interactive center channel downmix

Vibration Control through Passive Constrained Layer Damping and Active Control