On robust estimation of the location parameter

This ebook is the first authorized digital version of Kernighan and Ritchie's 1988 classic, The C Programming Language (2nd Ed.). One of the best-selling programming books published in the last fifty years, "K&R" has been called everything from the "bible" to "a landmark in computer science" and it has influenced generations of programmers. Available now for all leading ebook platforms, this concise and beautifully written text is a "must-have" reference for every serious programmers digital library.

As modestly described by the authors in the Preface to the First Edition, this "is not an introductory programming manual; it assumes some familiarity with basic programming concepts like variables, assignment statements, loops, and functions. Nonetheless, a novice programmer should be able to read along and pick up the language, although access to a more knowledgeable colleague will help."

The C programming language

The importance of shale composition and pore structure upon gas storage potential of shale gas reservoirs

/pdf/a-comprehensive-review-on-the-applications-of-coal-fly-ash-mt8gcj5phv.pdf

A comprehensive review on the applications of coal fly ash

Asphaltenes, the most aromatic of the heaviest components of crude oil, are critical to all aspects of petroleum use, including production, transportation, refining, upgrading, and heavy-end use in paving and coating materials. As such, efficiency in these diverse disciplines mandates proper chemical accounting of structure−function relations of crude oils and asphaltenes, the vision of petroleomics (Asphaltenes, Heavy Oils and Petroleomics; Mullins, O. C., Sheu, E. Y., Hammami, A., Marshall, A. G., Eds.; Springer: New York, 2007). Indeed, the molecular characterization of asphaltenes is required as well as the detailed understanding of the hierarchical colloidal structures of asphaltenes and petroleum. With great prescience, Professor Teh Fu Yen and co-workers proposed a hierarchical model of asphaltenes to account for many of their characteristics known at that time (Dickie, J. P.; Yen, T. F. Macrostrucutres of asphaltic fractions by various instrumental methods. Anal. Chem. 1967, 39, 1847−1852). This m...

The Modified Yen Model

Asphaltene properties vary with separation method and sometimes with individual technique. Factors such as contact time, solvent-to-crude oil ratio, and temperature influence asphaltene precipitation and are somewhat standardized. However, the final step in most separations, washing the asphaltene filter cake with solvent, is not standardized. Asphaltene properties can be very sensitive to small amounts of resins and therefore may be sensitive to the amount of washing. Asphaltenes were extracted with three different levels of washing from four source oils (Athabasca, Cold Lake, Lloydminster, and Peace River). In all cases, increased washing decreased asphaltene yield and slightly increased asphaltene density. Increased washing significantly increased molar mass and decreased the solubility of the extracted asphaltenes. A new washing method using a Soxhlet apparatus removed the largest amount of resinous material and yielded asphaltenes with significantly different properties from conventionally washed asp...

Sensitivity of Asphaltene Properties to Separation Techniques

A regular solution theory liquid-liquid equilibrium model was developed to predict asphaltene precipitation from Western Canadian bitumens. The input parameters for the model are the mole fraction, molar volume, and solubility parameters for each component. Bitumens were divided into four main pseudo-components corresponding to SARA fractions: saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes. Asphaltenes were divided into fractions of different associated molar mass based on a Schultz-Zimm molar mass distribution. Asphaltene self-association was accounted for through the average molar mass of the distribution. The molar volumes and solubility parameters of the pseudo-components were calculated using solubility, density, and molar mass measurements. The model successfully predicted the effect of solvent type and associated molar mass on asphaltene precipitation for model oil and n-alkane systems. The model also predicted the onset and amount of asphaltene precipitation from bitumens.

Regular Solution Model for Asphaltene Precipitation from Bitumens and Solvents

A generalized regular solution model for asphaltene precipitation from n-alkane diluted heavy oils and bitumens

This paper reviews methods for the prediction and correlation of Newtonian viscosity for pure components and mixtures of dilute gases, dense gases and liquids, focussing on those which are suited for practical engineering use. The methods reviewed were chosen because they are well known and accepted or appear potentially promising. They are categorized as theoretical, semi-theoretical or empirical and further distinguished as predictive or correlative. Brief derivations with relevant equations and discussions on limitations and reliability of results are presented. In addition, the applicability and average deviations for each method are tabulated, with the recommended methods clearly stated. Furthermore, some gaps in viscosity predictionkorrelation are identified and promising approaches are discussed. On examine dans cet article des methodes de prediction et de correlation de la viscositt newtonienne pour des composants purs et des melanges de gaz dilues, de gaz denses et de liquides, en particulier celles qui sont bien adapttes i la pratique du genie. Les methodes examinees ont ttC choisies parce qu’elles sont bien connues et accepttes ou pour leur potentiel; on les a classifikes selon leur nature theorique, semi-theorique ou empirique, puis on a introduit une sous-classification selon leur capacite predictive ou correlante. Une brkve demonstration des equations pertinentes est presentee ainsi qu’une analyse des limites et de la fiabilite des rksultats. Par ailleurs, pour chaque methode, I’applicabilite et les Ccarts moyens sont tabules et les methodes recommandks sont clairement identifiees. Enfin, certains ecarts de prediction ou de correlation de la viscositk sont signales et des techniques prometteuses sont discuttes.

Viscosity : a critical review of practical predictive and correlative methods

New data for the effect of pressure and temperature on Athabasca bitumen viscosity are presented The viscosity data cover a temperature range of 43–120°C and pressures up to 10 MPa It is shown that the compression of bitumen results in a significant increase in its viscosity but only a small increase in its density Also presented are correlations that include the effect of pressure and temperature on the viscosity of the bitumen



On presente de nouvelles donnees sur l'influence de la pression et de la temperature sur la viscosite du bitume d'Athabasca Les donnees de viscosite ont ete obtenues pour des temperatures comprises entre 43 et 120°C et des pressions jusqu'a 10 MPa On montre que la compression du bitume entraǐne une augmentation importante de sa viscosite tandis que l'on n'observe qu'une faible augmentation de sa densite On presente egalement des correlations decrivant l'influence de la pression et de la temperature sur la viscosite du bitume

William Y. Svrcek

Papers

Sensitivity of Asphaltene Properties to Separation Techniques

Regular Solution Model for Asphaltene Precipitation from Bitumens and Solvents

A generalized regular solution model for asphaltene precipitation from n-alkane diluted heavy oils and bitumens

Viscosity : a critical review of practical predictive and correlative methods

Viscosity of compressed athabasca bitumen