: Successful Software reuse requires the systematic discovery and exploitation of commonality across related software systems. By examining related software systems and the underlying theory of the class of systems they represent, domain analysis can provide a generic description of the requirements of that class of systems and a set of approaches for their implementation. This report will establish methods for performing a domain analysis and describe the products of the domain analysis process. To illustrate the application of domain analysis to a representative class of software systems, this report will provide a domain analysis of window management system software.

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Feature-Oriented Domain Analysis (FODA) Feasibility Study

Environmental Economics: A Survey

Articles F acilitative, or positive, interactions are encounters between organisms that benefit at least one of the participants and cause harm to neither. Such interactions are considered \" mutualisms \" when both species derive benefit from the interaction. Positive interactions are ubiquitous: They may lie at the root of such diverse evolutionary phenomena as the origin of eukaryotic cells, the radiation of flowering plants, and the flourishing of coral reefs. Although a few ecologists have long recognized the importance of positive interactions in stressful environments (e.g., Clements 1916, Addicott 1984), ecological research on positive interactions is still far less common than that on other forms of interactions among species (Bronstein 1994a, Bruno and Bertness 2000). Consequently, positive interactions are rarely factored into models or even into thinking about factors impacting populations and communities. Recent empirical work and the conceptual models derived from this work (e.g., Bertness and Call-away 1994, Bruno and Bertness 2000) have helped refocus attention on the role of positive interactions among species, however, and scientists are beginning to better appreciate the importance of those interactions in the structuring of ecological communities. Simply by growing, many species alter the local environment. Trees cast shade on the forest floor, altering light and moisture regimes; corals form reefs, increasing habitat complexity and thereby providing habitat for countless other species. Many of the positive interactions that have emerged as important to community structure can be placed into this category of \" habitat modification, \" in which one individual (or species) alters local environmental conditions, often making a stressful habitat more hospitable for other individuals or species. I define stress broadly, as any extrinsic force that reduces the fitness of an individual or population. Stresses can be phys-Thus positive interactions occur when one organism makes the local environment more favorable for another either directly (such as by reducing thermal stress via shading or decreasing wind stress via baffling) or indirectly (such as by removing competitors or deterring predators of that species). Jones and colleagues (1997) have called this process \" ecosystem engineering \" and the species that modify the habitat \" bioengineers. \" Although these terms are useful metaphors for the critical role these species play in ecosystems, their use has stirred controversy because, for some, they imply conscious intent on the part of the species doing the \" engineering. \" Many habitat-modifying species form the basis on which the entire community …

https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051%5B0235:MFATSO%5D2.0.CO;2

Mutualism, Facilitation, and the Structure of Ecological Communities

Classification is an important problem in the emerging field of data mining Although classification has been studied extensively in the past, most of the classification algorithms are designed only for memory-resident data, thus limiting their suitability for data mining large data sets This paper discusses issues in building a scalable classifier and presents the design of SLIQ, a new classifier SLIQ is a decision tree classifier that can handle both numeric and categorical attributes It uses a novel pre-sorting technique in the tree-growth phase This sorting procedure is integrated with a breadth-first tree growing strategy to enable classification of disk-resident datasets SLIQ also uses a new tree-pruning algorithm that is inexpensive, and results in compact and accurate trees The combination of these techniques enables SLIQ to scale for large data sets and classify data sets irrespective of the number of classes, attributes, and examples (records), thus making it an attractive tool for data mining

/pdf/sliq-a-fast-scalable-classifier-for-data-mining-3r4xhwjq78.pdf

SLIQ: A Fast Scalable Classifier for Data Mining

In times of ubiquitous electronic communication and increasing industry pressure for standard electronic authentication, the maintenance of privacy, or "the right to be left alone" becomes a subject of increasing concern. The possibility of a "transparent human," whose vital information is up for grabs, can most easily be envisioned in the realm of e-commerce, due in part to the large amounts of data available, and in part to the high payoffs expected from using this data for marketing purposes.

Privacy in e-commerce: stated preferences vs. actual behavior

Poly (ionic liquid)s attracted enormous attention as adsorbents for the CO2 separation from natural gas. Hence, in this work poly (1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide), P[VBIm][Br], poly (1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium thiocyanate), P[VBIm][SCN], and poly (1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate), P[VBIm][BF4] were synthesized and evaluated their CO2 adsorption performance. The synthesized poly(ionic liquid)s were characterized by 1H NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetery (DSC) analysis. The CO2 adsorption was studied at various temperatures and pressures by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and experimental data were correlated by a model of dual-mode. The Henry and Langmuir contributions in CO2 adsorption were evaluated. The obtained thermodynamics and kinetics parameters of CO2 adsorption reveal that CO2 adsorption has an exothermic and physisorption nature. Also, density functional theory (DFT) computations were done in order to assess interactions between poly(ionic liquid)s with CO2 gas. DFT computations corroborated that interaction of P[VBIm][SCN] with CO2 is stronger than those of other poly(ionic liquid)s.

吴宗泉

Papers

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