With the pursuit of high-efficiency microwave absorbing materials (MAMs), biomass derived porous carbon (BPC)-based materials have attracted a great deal of attentions due to their plentiful resources, low density and highly environment-friendly. The microwave absorption of BPC composites is closely correlated to their composition, surface chemical activity, microstructures, and pore size, which are in turn decisively determined by the biomass precursors and subsequent carbonization or activation. In this article, we provide a timely and comprehensive review on recent achievements for the microwave absorption properties of various BPC-based MAMs. Firstly, the general synthesizing approaches for carbon materials from various biomass sources, especially in relation to the carbonization and activation are summarized. Then, based on the basic microwave absorption theory, the performances of pure BPC served as microwave absorber are presented. After that, the strategies to improve the microwave absorption properties of BPC including heteroatom doping and the formation of composites with magnetic metals, metal oxides, polymers, and so on, are discussed as well. Finally, we provide discussions and prospects for the development of BPC as lightweight and efficient MAMs in the further. It is believed that the current progress in experimental investigations combined with theoretical predictions will greatly promote the design and development of lightweight and efficient MAMs. Moreover, as an important type of MAMs, views on the challenges and prospects of BPC-based MAMs are proposed as well.

Biomass derived porous carbon (BPC) and their composites as lightweight and efficient microwave absorption materials

Magnetic-dielectric synergy and interfacial engineering to design yolk–shell structured CoNi@void@C and CoNi@void@C@MoS2 nanocomposites with tunable and strong wideband microwave absorption

Covalently bonded polyaniline/graphene composites as high-performance electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption materials Part A Applied science and manufacturing

Template-free self-assembly of MXene and CoNi-bimetal MOF into intertwined one-dimensional heterostructure and its microwave absorbing properties

We Show that pair hopping through a Kondo singlet give rise to a negative Josephson coupling. Thus, our calculation supports the existance of staggered pair correlations in the strong coupling limit of a one dimensional Kondo lattice.

Negative Josephson coupling in the Kondo strong coupling limit

Enhanced microwave absorption of biomass carbon/nickel/polypyrrole (C/Ni/PPy) ternary composites through the synergistic effects

Interface engineering of N-doped Ni3S2/CoS2 heterostructures as efficient bifunctional catalysts for overall water splitting

Efficient microwave absorbing materials have been drawn extensive attention. Herein, biomass porous carbon (BPC) from pine pollen has been obtained through KOH carbonization. In order to tune the microwave absorption, NiO has been composited with the as-prepared BPC with different contents. Despite the high specific surface area for the BPC activated at 600 °C, it exhibits poor microwave absorption properties as pure NiO. In contrast, the BPC/NiO composite with proper nickel precursor (0.1:1.0) has the maximum reflection loss (RL) of − 52.6 dB at 10.0 GHz and the effective absorption bandwidth (RL < − 10 dB) reaches up to 4.9 GHz (from 7.8 to 12.7 GHz) when the absorber thickness is 3 mm. Three-dimensional porous architecture, interfacial polarization and their related relaxation from defects and interfaces cooperatively favor the impedance matching and strong EM wave attenuation capacities, which brings about multiple absorption mechanisms of the microwave. The present study not only provides a facile route to prepare porous carbon, but also sheds light on a new strategy in constructing BPC/NiO composites for excellent microwave absorption.

Xiaofen Wu

Papers

Biomass derived porous carbon (BPC) and their composites as lightweight and efficient microwave absorption materials

Enhanced microwave absorption of biomass carbon/nickel/polypyrrole (C/Ni/PPy) ternary composites through the synergistic effects

Interface engineering of N-doped Ni3S2/CoS2 heterostructures as efficient bifunctional catalysts for overall water splitting

NiO nanosheets on pine pollen-derived porous carbon: construction of interface to enhance microwave absorption