Recent Progress in the Endocrinology of Reproduction Proceedings of the Conference held in Syracuse, New York, June 9–12, 1958. Pp. xi + 532. (New York: Academic Press, Inc. ; London : Academic Press, Inc. (London), Ltd., 1959.) 12 dollars.

Endocrinology of Reproduction

Objective In birds, three types of melatonin receptors (MTNR1A, MTNR1B, and MTNR1C) have been cloned. Previous researches have showed that three melatonin receptors played an essential role in reproduction and ovarian physiology. However, the association of polymorphisms of the three receptors with duck reproduction traits and egg quality traits is still unknown. In this test, we chose MTNR1A, MTNR1B, and MTNR1C as candidate genes to detect novel sequence polymorphism and analyze their association with egg production traits in Shaoxing duck, and detected their mRNA expression level in ovaries. Methods In this study, a total of 785 duck blood samples were collected to investigate the association of melatonin receptor genes with egg production traits and egg quality traits using a direct sequencing method. And 6 ducks representing two groups (3 of each) according to the age at first eggs (at 128 days of age or after 150 days of age) were carefully selected for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Seven novel polymorphisms (MTNR1A: g. 268C>T, MTNR1B: g. 41C>T, and g. 161T>C, MTNR1C: g. 10C>T, g. 24A>G, g. 108C>T, g. 363 T>C) were detected. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of MTNR1A (g. 268C>T) was significantly linked with the age at first egg (p T and egg production traits: total egg numbers at 34 weeks old of age and age at first egg. In addition, the mRNA expression level of MTNR1A in ovary was significantly higher in late-mature group than in early-mature group, while MTNR1C showed a contrary tendency (p Conclusion These results suggest that identified SNPs in MTNR1A and MTNR1C may influence the age at first egg and could be considered as the candidate molecular marker for identify early maturely traits in duck selection and improvement.

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Polymorphisms of melatonin receptor genes and their associations with egg production traits in Shaoxing duck.

Egg production is an important economic trait in poultry, and it is of great significance to study the key genes and functional SNPs that affect egg laying performance. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) plays an important physiological role in the reproductive performance of humans and animals by binding to its receptor (FSHR). Studies have shown that there are many transcriptional regulatory elements in the 5' flanking region of the FSHR gene that interact with transcription factors to regulate FSHR transcription. In this study, DNA sequencing was used to identify SNPs in the FSHR promoter sequence in both Dongxiang and Suken chickens. To detect the activity of the chicken FSHR gene promoter, we analysed the characteristics of the sequence and constructed three deletion vectors. We confirmed that the region (-18/-544) was the core promoter. Furthermore, five polymorphisms, including a 200-bp indel at -869, C-1684T, C-1608T, G-368A and T-238A, were detected in both the Dongxiang and Suken chickens. The age at first egg (AFE) for different genotype of -869 indel in Suken chicken was significantly different (p < 0.01). For SNP C-1684T in Dongxiang chickens, the CC genotype had higher egg number at 43 weeks of age (E43) than that of the TC genotype (p < 0.05). For SNP C-1684T in Suken chickens, the TC genotype had higher AFE than that of the CC genotype (p < 0.05). For SNP C-1608T in Suken chickens, the CC genotype had higher AFE than that of the TC genotype (p < 0.05). For SNP G-368A in Suken chickens, the AG genotype had higher AFE than that of the GG genotype (p < 0.05).

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/rda.13412

Identification of chicken FSHR gene promoter and the correlations between polymorphisms and egg production in Chinese native hens.

Cloning and expression analysis of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene in the reproductive axis of female yaks (Bos grunniens)

Genetic effects of polymorphisms of candidate genes associated with ovary development and egg production traits in ducks.

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and its receptor play a key role in the follicular development and regulation of steroidogenesis in the ovary and spermatogenesis in the testis. The purpose of this study was to characterize the muscovy duck FSHR gene, identify SNPs and their association with egg production traits in muscovy ducks. Here, we cloned the complementary DNA (cDNA) sequence of FSHR, and examined the expression patterns of FSHR gene in adult female muscovy duck tissues. The cloned cDNA of the muscovy duck FSHR gene shared high similarity to those of pekin duck (Anas platyrhynchos) (95.7%) and chicken (93.2%). Three different muscovy duck FSHR transcripts were identified. Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) results showed that the FSHR gene was expressed in all the 14 tested tissues, and the highest expression level was seen in the ovary. A total of 16 SNPs were identified, among which, four SNPs were located in the coding region of FSHR. The SNP C320T is significantly associated with egg production at 59 weeks of age (
 $$P < 0.05$$
 ), whereas the SNP A227G is significantly associated with age at first egg stage (
 $$P< 0.05$$
 ). These results suggest that the two SNPs (A227G and C320T) of FSHR gene are associated with egg production traits and could be potential markers that can be used for marker-assisted selection programmes to increase egg production in muscovy duck.

Xing Li

Papers

Molecular characterization, expression profile of the FSHR gene and its association with egg production traits in muscovy duck