Molecular imprinting technology (MIT), often described as a method of making a molecular lock to match a molecular key, is a technique for the creation of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with tailor-made binding sites complementary to the template molecules in shape, size and functional groups. Owing to their unique features of structure predictability, recognition specificity and application universality, MIPs have found a wide range of applications in various fields. Herein, we propose to comprehensively review the recent advances in molecular imprinting including versatile perspectives and applications, concerning novel preparation technologies and strategies of MIT, and highlight the applications of MIPs. The fundamentals of MIPs involving essential elements, preparation procedures and characterization methods are briefly outlined. Smart MIT for MIPs is especially highlighted including ingenious MIT (surface imprinting, nanoimprinting, etc.), special strategies of MIT (dummy imprinting, segment imprinting, etc.) and stimuli-responsive MIT (single/dual/multi-responsive technology). By virtue of smart MIT, new formatted MIPs gain popularity for versatile applications, including sample pretreatment/chromatographic separation (solid phase extraction, monolithic column chromatography, etc.) and chemical/biological sensing (electrochemical sensing, fluorescence sensing, etc.). Finally, we propose the remaining challenges and future perspectives to accelerate the development of MIT, and to utilize it for further developing versatile MIPs with a wide range of applications (650 references).

http://ir.yic.ac.cn/bitstream/133337/17045/1/Molecular%20imprinting%20perspectives%20and%20applications.pdf

Molecular imprinting: perspectives and applications

Electrospun polymer biomaterials

A facile fabrication and highly tunable microwave absorption of 3D flower-like Co3O4-rGO hybrid-architectures

Currently, electromagnetic (EM) pollution poses severe complication toward the operation of electronic devices and biological systems. To this end, it is pertinent to develop novel microwave absorbers through compositional and structural design. Porous carbon (PC) materials demonstrate great potential in EM wave absorption due to their ultralow density, large surface area, and excellent dielectric loss ability. However, the large-scale production of PC materials through low-cost and simple synthetic route is a challenge. Deriving PC materials through biomass sources is a sustainable, ubiquitous, and low-cost method, which comes with many desired features, such as hierarchical texture, periodic pattern, and some unique nanoarchitecture. Using the bio-inspired microstructure to manufacture PC materials in mild condition is desirable. In this review, we summarize the EM wave absorption application of biomass-derived PC materials from optimizing structure and designing composition. The corresponding synthetic mechanisms and development prospects are discussed as well. The perspective in this field is given at the end of the article.

/pdf/biomass-derived-porous-carbon-based-nanostructures-for-a8l3dt0sju.pdf

Biomass-Derived Porous Carbon-Based Nanostructures for Microwave Absorption

Confinedly tailoring Fe3O4 clusters-NG to tune electromagnetic parameters and microwave absorption with broadened bandwidth

Yolk–shell Fe3O4@N-doped carbon nanochains, intended for application as a novel microwave-absorption material, have been constructed by a three-step method. Magnetic-field-induced distillation-precipitation polymerization was used to synthesize nanochains with a one-dimensional (1D) structure. Then, a polypyrrole shell was uniformly applied to the surface of the nanochains through oxidant-directed vapor-phase polymerization, and finally the pyrolysis process was completed. The obtained products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) to confirm the compositions. The morphology and microstructure were observed using an optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The N2 absorption–desorption isotherms indicate a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area of 74 m2/g and a pore width of 5–30 nm. Investigations of the microwave absorption performance indicate that paraffin-based composites loaded with 20 wt.% yolk–shell Fe3O4@N-doped carbon nanochains possess a minimum reflection loss of −63.09 dB (11.91 GHz) and an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.34 GHz at a matching layer thickness of 3.1 mm. In addition, by tailoring the layer thicknesses, the effective absorption frequency bands can be made to cover most of the C, X, and Ku bands. By offering the advantages of stronger absorption, broad absorption bandwidth, low loading, thin layers, and intrinsic light weight, yolk–shell Fe3O4@N-doped carbon nanochains will be excellent candidates for practical application to microwave absorption. An analysis of the microwave absorption mechanism reveals that the excellent microwave absorption performance can be explained by the quarter-wavelength cancellation theory, good impedance matching, intense conductive loss, multiple reflections and scatterings, dielectric loss, magnetic loss, and microwave plasma loss.

Application of yolk–shell Fe 3 O 4 @N-doped carbon nanochains as highly effective microwave-absorption material

Dependency of tunable microwave absorption performance on morphology-controlled hierarchical shells for core-shell Fe3O4@MnO2 composite microspheres

Preparation and characterization of bovine serum albumin surface-imprinted thermosensitive magnetic polymer microsphere and its application for protein recognition

Facile synthesis and enhanced electromagnetic microwave absorption performance for porous core-shell Fe3O4@MnO2 composite microspheres with lightweight feature

Highly regulated core–shell Fe3O4@polypyrrole composite microspheres have been successfully prepared via chemical oxidative polymerization in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol) and p-toluenesulfonic acid. The polypyrrole shell thickness can be adjusted from 20 to 80 nm with the variation of the pyrrole/Fe3O4 ratio. Investigations of the microwave absorbing properties indicate that the polypyrrole shell plays an important role, and the maximum reflection loss of composite microspheres can reach as much as −31.5 dB (>99.9% absorption) at 15.5 GHz with a matching layer thickness of 2.5 mm. Compared to the physically blended Fe3O4–PPy composites, Fe3O4@polypyrrole composite microspheres not only possess better reflection loss performance but also have a wider absorbing bandwidth of 5.2 GHz (12.8–18 GHz) in the Ku band, which may be attributed to the intensive synergistic effect of dielectric loss from polypyrrole shells and magnetic loss from Fe3O4 cores. Therefore, regulated core–shell Fe3O4@polypyrrole com...

Well-Defined Core–Shell Fe3O4@Polypyrrole Composite Microspheres with Tunable Shell Thickness: Synthesis and Their Superior Microwave Absorption Performance in the Ku Band

Xingfeng Lei

Papers

Application of yolk–shell Fe 3 O 4 @N-doped carbon nanochains as highly effective microwave-absorption material

Dependency of tunable microwave absorption performance on morphology-controlled hierarchical shells for core-shell Fe3O4@MnO2 composite microspheres

Preparation and characterization of bovine serum albumin surface-imprinted thermosensitive magnetic polymer microsphere and its application for protein recognition

Facile synthesis and enhanced electromagnetic microwave absorption performance for porous core-shell Fe3O4@MnO2 composite microspheres with lightweight feature

Well-Defined Core–Shell Fe3O4@Polypyrrole Composite Microspheres with Tunable Shell Thickness: Synthesis and Their Superior Microwave Absorption Performance in the Ku Band