This paper is a review of the effect of vehicle characteristics on ground- and track borne-vibrations from railways. It combines traditional theory with modern thinking and uses a range of numerical analysis and experimental results to provide a broad analysis of the subject area. First, the effect of different train types on vibration propagation is investigated. Then, despite not being the focus of this work, numerical approaches to vibration propagation modelling within the track and soil are briefly touched upon. Next an in-depth discussion is presented related to the evolution of numerical models, with analysis of the suitability of various modelling approaches for analysing vehicle effects. The differences between quasi-static and dynamic characteristics are also discussed with insights into defects such as wheel/rail irregularities. Additionally, as an appendix, a modest database of train types are presented along with detailed information related to their physical attributes. It is hoped that this information may provide assistance to future researchers attempting to simulate railway vehicle vibrations. It is concluded that train type and the contact conditions at the wheel/rail interface can be influential in the generation of vibration. Therefore, where possible, when using numerical approach, the vehicle should be modelled in detail. Additionally, it was found that there are a wide variety of modelling approaches capable of simulating train types effects. If non-linear behaviour needs to be included in the model, then time domain simulations are preferable, however if the system can be assumed linear then frequency domain simulations are suitable due to their reduced computational demand.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23248378.2014.897791

Railway-induced ground vibrations – a review of vehicle effects

Fully three-dimensional analysis of high-speed train–track–soil-structure dynamic interaction

Train–track–bridge dynamic interaction is a fundamental concern in the field of railway engineering, which plays an extremely important role in the optimal design of railway bridges, especially in ...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00423114.2019.1605085

Train–track–bridge dynamic interaction: a state-of-the-art review

Dynamic effects of moving loads on road pavements: A review

Time domain 3D finite element modelling of train-induced vibration at high speed

Experimental study of train-induced vibrations of environments and buildings

Theoretical modeling and characteristic analysis of moving-train induced ground vibrations

This paper develops a method based on a semi-analytical/FEM model to predict the ground vibrations induced by high-speed train running through continuous girder bridge. The prediction method has two steps: the solution of reaction on top of pier and the solution of ground vibrations. The reaction on pier top is solved by the semi-analytical dynamic interaction model for train-track-continuous girder bridge system, taking the dynamic characteristics of train, track, and bridge into account. The solution of ground vibrations is accomplished by establishing the 3-dimensional pile foundation-soil finite element model and then applying the negative reaction force got from pier top to the pile foundation-soil model. The effectiveness of the presented model is verified by comparing with other existed results.

http://j-mst.org/On_line/admin/files/29-J2011-1888_2485-2496_.pdf

A semi-analytical/FEM model for predicting ground vibrations induced by high-speed train through continuous girder bridge

Solution of moving-load-induced soil vibrations based on the Betti-Rayleigh Dynamic Reciprocal Theorem

A finite element approach is extended to study the ground vibrations induced by metro trains and their propagation properties. Two dynamic interaction models are established: the two-dimensional train-track interaction model, which provides the excitation loads of moving trains onto the tunnel structure, and the three-dimensional track-tunnel-ground interaction model, by which the propagation properties of ground accelerations and velocities are analyzed. The results show that there exists a vibration amplifying area in certain distance away from the tunnel center, and the dominant frequencies of the ground vibration concentrate in a certain range. Buildings located in that area with their natural frequencies falling in the specific frequency range will be sensitive to the ground vibrations induced by metro trains.

Yanmei Cao

Papers

Experimental study of train-induced vibrations of environments and buildings

Theoretical modeling and characteristic analysis of moving-train induced ground vibrations

A semi-analytical/FEM model for predicting ground vibrations induced by high-speed train through continuous girder bridge

Solution of moving-load-induced soil vibrations based on the Betti-Rayleigh Dynamic Reciprocal Theorem

Numerical analysis of vibration effects of metro trains on surrounding environment