Yara Cury

TL;DR: The information included in the present review aims to present and analyze data about the dual effect of NO on pain transmission and control, the molecular mechanisms involved in these effects and also the potential use of nitric oxide in pain therapy.

TL;DR: This work reviews the proinflammatory and nociceptive effects evoked by myotoxic PLA2s and their mechanisms of action and concludes that these proteins promote inflammation and pain by mechanisms not related to phospholipid hydrolysis nor to mobilization of arachidonic acid.

TL;DR: The current status of the understanding of the inflammatory reaction, including pain, triggered by Bothrops asper venom is described and studies dealing with the mechanisms of inflammatory and nociceptive properties of phospholipases A(2), a metalloproteinase and serine-proteases isolated from both humans and experimental animals are described.

TL;DR: He-Ne LLLT inhibits the sensitization increase of nociceptors on the inflammatory process, and the analgesic effect seems to involve hyperalgesic mediators instead of peripheral opioid receptors.

TL;DR: It is suggested that administration of peptidomimetic metalloproteinase inhibitors or CaNa2EDTA at the site of venom injection may represent a useful alternative to complement antivenoms in the neutralization of venom-induced local tissue damage.