A communication infrastructure is an essential part to the success of the emerging smart grid. A scalable and pervasive communication infrastructure is crucial in both construction and operation of a smart grid. In this paper, we present the background and motivation of communication infrastructures in smart grid systems. We also summarize major requirements that smart grid communications must meet. From the experience of several industrial trials on smart grid with communication infrastructures, we expect that the traditional carbon fuel based power plants can cooperate with emerging distributed renewable energy such as wind, solar, etc, to reduce the carbon fuel consumption and consequent green house gas such as carbon dioxide emission. The consumers can minimize their expense on energy by adjusting their intelligent home appliance operations to avoid the peak hours and utilize the renewable energy instead. We further explore the challenges for a communication infrastructure as the part of a complex smart grid system. Since a smart grid system might have over millions of consumers and devices, the demand of its reliability and security is extremely critical. Through a communication infrastructure, a smart grid can improve power reliability and quality to eliminate electricity blackout. Security is a challenging issue since the on-going smart grid systems facing increasing vulnerabilities as more and more automation, remote monitoring/controlling and supervision entities are interconnected.

https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1315&context=electricalengineeringfacpub

A Survey on Smart Grid CommunicationInfrastructures: Motivations, Requirements andChallenges

Microgrids energy management systems: A critical review on methods, solutions, and prospects

The smart metering and communication methods used in smart grid are being extensively studied owing to widespread applications of smart grid. Although the monitoring and control processes are widely used in industrial systems, the energy management requirements at both service supplier and consumer side for individuals promoted the evolution of smart grid. In this paper, it is aimed to disclose in a clear and clean way that what smart grid is and what kind of communication methods are used. All components of a smart grid are introduced in a logical way to facilitate the understanding, and communication methods are presented regarding to their improvements, advantages, and lacking feature. The developing generation, transmission, distribution and customer appliances are surveyed in terms of smart grid integration. The communication technologies are introduced as wireline and wireless classification where the key features are also tabulated. The security requirements of hardware and software in a smart grid are presented according to their cyber and physical structures.

A survey on smart metering and smart grid communication

Integration of renewable energy and optimization of energy use are key enablers of sustainable energy transitions and mitigating climate change. Modern technologies such the Internet of Things (IoT) offer a wide number of applications in the energy sector, i.e, in energy supply, transmission and distribution, and demand. IoT can be employed for improving energy efficiency, increasing the share of renewable energy, and reducing environmental impacts of the energy use. This paper reviews the existing literature on the application of IoT in in energy systems, in general, and in the context of smart grids particularly. Furthermore, we discuss enabling technologies of IoT, including cloud computing and different platforms for data analysis. Furthermore, we review challenges of deploying IoT in the energy sector, including privacy and security, with some solutions to these challenges such as blockchain technology. This survey provides energy policy-makers, energy economists, and managers with an overview of the role of IoT in optimization of energy systems.

Internet of Things (IoT) and the Energy Sector

In last few years, many countries in the world have shown huge interest in smart grid technology. They are facing many challenges in the process of deployment of this technology at ground level. Hence a planned research is required to meet those challenges within time. This paper provides a detailed description of progress in the field of demand side management, demand response programs, distributed generation, technical issues in the way of their progress and key advantages, which will be received after the final deployment of these programs. Renewable energy resources are also becoming a main part of distributed generation, which provides a solution for environmental problems caused by conventional power plants. Few countries are working on the deployment of the advanced metering system. Along with this, the scope of research in various programs of smart grid technology has been explored.

Smart operations of smart grids integrated with distributed generation: A review

Energy Internet (EI) has been recently introduced as a new concept, which aims to evolve smart grids by integrating several energy forms into an extremely flexible and effective grid. In this paper, we have comprehensively analyzed Internet of Things (IoT) applications enabled for smart grids and smart environments, such as smart cities, smart homes, smart metering, and energy management infrastructures to investigate the development of the EI based IoT applications. These applications are promising key areas of the EI concept, since the IoT is considered one of the most important driving factors of the EI. Moreover, we discussed the challenges, open issues, and future research opportunities for the EI concept based on IoT applications and addressed some important research areas.

Internet of Things Applications as Energy Internet in Smart Grids and Smart Environments

Modelling and analysis of a power line communication system with QPSK modem for renewable smart grids

Modeling and analysis of a smart grid monitoring system for renewable energy sources

Wireless and mobile communication technologies exhibit remarkable changes in every decade. The necessity of these changes is based on the changing user demands and innovations offered by the emerging technologies. This chapter provides information on the current situation of fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems. Before discussing the details of the 5G networks, the evolution of mobile communication systems is considered from first generation to fourth generation systems. The advantages and weaknesses of each generation are explained comparatively. Later, technical infrastructure developments of the 5G communication systems have been evaluated in the context of system requirements and new experiences of users such as 4K video streaming, tactile Internet, and augmented reality. After the main goals and requirements of the 5G networks are described, the planned targets to be provided in real applications by this new generation systems are clarified. In addition, different usage scenarios and minimum requirements for the ITU-2020 are evaluated. On the other hand, there are several challenges to be overcome for achieving the intended purpose of 5G communication systems. These challenges and potential solutions for them are described in the proceeding subsections of the chapter. Furthermore, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), millimeter wave (mmWave), mmWave massive MIMO, and beamforming techniques are clarified in a detail which are taken into account as promising key technologies for the 5G networks. Besides, potential application areas and application examples of the 5G communication systems are covered at the end of this chapter.

Yasin Kabalci

Papers

A survey on smart metering and smart grid communication

Internet of Things Applications as Energy Internet in Smart Grids and Smart Environments

Modelling and analysis of a power line communication system with QPSK modem for renewable smart grids

Modeling and analysis of a smart grid monitoring system for renewable energy sources

5G Mobile Communication Systems: Fundamentals, Challenges, and Key Technologies