人教版高中英语新课程教材中,语言运用（Using Language）是每个单元必不可少的部分,提供了围绕单元中心话题的听、说、读、写的综合性练习,是单元中心话题的延续和升华.如何设计Using Language部分的教学,使自己的教学模式既不落俗套,又能真正体现新课程标准所倡导的教学理念,正是广大一线英语教师一直努力探索的问题.

打磨Using Language,倡导新理念

In this provocative book, Barwise and Perry tackle the slippery subject of \"meaning, \" a subject that has long vexed linguists, language philosophers, and logicians.

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Situations and Attitudes.

The handbook of pragmatics , The handbook of pragmatics , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز

Handbook of Pragmatics

Referring as a Collaborative Process

Semiology of Graphics: Diagrams Networks Maps.

Towards an emancipatory pragmatics

This paper explores the influence of communicative interaction on the form of graphical representations. A referential communication task is described which involves exclusively graphical dialogue. In this task subjects communicate about pieces of music by drawing. The drawings produced fall into two basic types: and Figurative. Three hypotheses are developed about the factors influencing the use of these drawing types: efficiency of production, suitability for the task and level of communicative interaction. Experimental evidence is presented which indicates that the drawing types do not differ in the amount of effort required to produce them. The results indicate that (1) drawings are more effective than Figurative drawings for comparative tasks and (2) a key constraint on their use is level of direct communicative interaction. It is argued that these observations result from differences in the underlying semantic models of music associated with the drawing types and the consequences these differences have for communicative coordination.

Graphical representation in graphical dialogue

Dialogue functions of Japanese sentence-final particles ‘Yo’ and ‘Ne’

In order for a computer agent to be accepted and function properly within a community of people, an appropriate social interaction scheme has to be established. We conducted an experiment to investigate the effect of sharing opinions with interface agents on subsequent human behaviors. In the first stage of the experiment, either a positive sharing (Agreeable agent), a negative sharing (Disagreeable agent) or no sharing (Neutral agent) of opinions was reinforced between subjects and agents through simple human-agent interactions. The effect of the sharing of opinions was then tested, in the second stage of the experiment, in terms of the subjects' tendency to favor or disfavour agents' proposals. We found that the Agreeable agent was consistently in favor of the subject's decisions. We therefore examined how the subject indicated sympathetic responses to the Agreeable agent after he/she interacted with all of the agents. The results show that people tend to behave favorably toward agents that previously agreed with their decisions. This suggests that human-computer interaction has the same social dynamics as human-human interaction.

Social character design for animated agents

Avatars play an important role in international online communities. While certain simple expressions, such as facial emotional expressions are cultural independent, more complex expressions might not be. Therefore we conducted a cross-cultural study to investigate the influence of the users’ cultural background (Japanese or Dutch) on their perception of avatar’s expressions in terms of perceived arousal and valence. A significant gender difference was found for valence. Women and in particular Japanese women rated the expressions more positive.

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Yasuhiro Katagiri

Papers

Towards an emancipatory pragmatics

Graphical representation in graphical dialogue

Dialogue functions of Japanese sentence-final particles ‘Yo’ and ‘Ne’

Social character design for animated agents

Cross-cultural study of expressive avatars