Phase shifting algorithms for fringe projection profilometry: A review

High-speed 3D shape measurement with structured light methods: A review

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Two Dimensional Phase Unwrapping Theory Algorithms And Software

Digital image correlation for surface deformation measurement: historical developments, recent advances and future goals

Absolute phase retrieval methods for digital fringe projection profilometry: A review

This paper presents a method to unwrap phase pixel by pixel by solely using geometric constraints of the structured light system without requiring additional image acquisition or another camera. Specifically, an artificial absolute phase map, Φmin, at a given virtual depth plane z = zmin, is created from geometric constraints of the calibrated structured light system; the wrapped phase is pixel-by-pixel unwrapped by referring to Φmin. Since Φmin is defined in the projector space, the unwrapped phase obtained from this method is absolute for each pixel. Experimental results demonstrate the success of this proposed novel absolute phase unwrapping method.

Pixel-wise absolute phase unwrapping using geometric constraints of structured light system

This paper presents some of the high-accuracy and high-speed structured light 3D imaging methods developed in the optical metrology community. These advanced 3D optical imaging technologies could substantially benefit the intelligent robotics community as another sensing tool. This paper mainly focuses on one special 3D imaging technique: the digital fringe projection (DFP) method because of its numerous advantageous features compared to other 3D optical imaging methods in terms of accuracy, resolution, speed, and flexibility. We will discuss technologies that enabled 3D data acquisition, reconstruction, and display at 30 Hz or higher with over 300,000 measurement points per frame. This paper intends to introduce the DFP technologies to the intelligent robotics community, and casts our perspectives on potential applications for which such sensing methods could be of value.

High-accuracy, high-speed 3D structured light imaging techniques and potential applications to intelligent robotics

Fourier transform profilometry (FTP) is one of the frequently adopted three-dimensional (3D) shape measurement methods due to its ability to recover single-shot 3D shapes, yet it is challenging to retrieve the absolute phase map solely from one single grayscale fringe image. This paper presents a computational framework that overcomes this limitation of FTP with digital fringe projection (DFP). By using geometric constraints, an absolute phase map can be retrieved point-by-point from one single grayscale fringe image. Experiments demonstrate the success of our proposed framework with single-shot absolute 3D shape measurement capability.

Single-shot absolute 3D shape measurement with Fourier transform profilometry

Structured light system calibration often requires the usage of a calibration target with a similar size as the field of view (FOV), which brings challenges to a large-range structured light system calibration since fabricating large calibration targets is difficult and expensive. This paper presents a large-range system calibration method that does not need a large calibration target. The proposed method includes two stages: (1) accurately calibrate intrinsics (i.e., focal lengths and principle points) at a near range where both the camera and projector are out of focus, and (2) calibrate the extrinsic parameters (translation and rotation) from camera to projector with the assistance of a low-accuracy, large-range three-dimensional (3D) sensor (e.g., Microsoft Kinect). We have developed a large-scale 3D shape measurement system with a FOV of 1120  mm×1900  mm×1000  mm. Experiments demonstrate our system can achieve measurement accuracy as high as 0.07 mm with a standard deviation of 0.80 mm by measuring a 304.8 mm diameter sphere. As a comparison, Kinect V2 only achieved mean error of 0.80 mm with a standard deviation of 3.41 mm for the FOV of measurement.

Method for large-range structured light system calibration.

This paper presents a novel method for absolute three-dimensional (3D) shape measurement that does not require conventional temporal phase unwrapping. Our proposed method uses a known object (i.e., a ping-pong ball) to provide cues for absolute phase unwrapping. During the measurement, the ping-pong ball is positioned to be close to the nearest point from the scene to the camera. We first segment ping-pong ball and spatially unwrap its phase, and then determine the integer multiple of 2π to be added such that the recovered shape matches its actual geometry. The nearest point of the ball provides zmin to generate the minimum phase Φmin that is then used to unwrap phase of the entire scene pixel by pixel. Experiments demonstrated that only three phase-shifted fringe patterns are required to measure absolute shapes of objects moving along depth z direction.

Yatong An

Papers

Pixel-wise absolute phase unwrapping using geometric constraints of structured light system

High-accuracy, high-speed 3D structured light imaging techniques and potential applications to intelligent robotics

Single-shot absolute 3D shape measurement with Fourier transform profilometry

Method for large-range structured light system calibration.

Absolute three-dimensional shape measurement with a known object