A masterbatch for a solar battery sealing sheet containing: at least one ethylene resin selected from the group consisting of an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, an ethylene homopolymer and an ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymer; and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide and zeolite, wherein a degree of aggregation of silicon is 0 or more and 0.350 or less and the ignition loss of the compound is more than 1.7% to 15% or less.

Masterbatch for solar battery sealing sheet and process for producing solar battery sealing sheet

SiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized from different three precursors, namely, TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate), sodium metasilicate and sodium silicate. First, SiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by a controlled hydrolysis of TEOS. In another method, SiO2nanoparticles were prepared by precipitation in an emulsion medium from sodium metasilicate and hydrochloric acid solution. Finally, SiO2 nanoparticles were also synthesized from sodium silicate by an emulsion method. In this study, we concentrated on dispersion and compatibility between nanosized SiO2 particles and EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate). Therefore, surface modification of synthesized SiO2 nanoparticles was accomplished with MPS (3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane) to enhance homogeneous dispersion and compatibility between the obtained SiO2 nanoparticles and EVA. Finally, nanocomposites of surface treated SiO2 nanoparticles and EVA were prepared. By inserting the MPS-coated SiO2 nanoparticles into EVA, abrasion resistance and hardness were increased rem...

Preparation of MPS (mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane)-coated SiO2 nanoparticle and its effect on mechanical properties of surface treated SiO2/EVA nanocomposite

In the construction management literature, it is not an ultimately settled matter that optimism bias is one of the undisputed factors or reasons affecting cost underestimation and cost overrun. This study tried to answer whether bidders—usually legal entities, not natural persons—would exhibit optimism bias-like behavior when bidding for construction projects and whether financial ramifications would follow. Two hundred eighty-six projects delivered to the Ohio Department of Transportation between 2011 and 2020 were analyzed to test the proposed hypothesis. It was observed that bidders were more optimistically biased when bidding for long-duration projects than short-duration projects. The observation strengthens the causal nature between optimism bias and cost underestimation and encourages stakeholders to develop internal or external monitoring systems that call out optimism bias at the organizational level. 

Young-Joo Kim

Papers

Preparation of MPS (mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane)-coated SiO2 nanoparticle and its effect on mechanical properties of surface treated SiO2/EVA nanocomposite

Optimism Bias in Bidding: Contractors’ Horizontally Biased Estimating Behavior