The present study assesses the impact of urbanization, economic growth, energy consumption, and financial development on CO2 emissions in Latin American countries using a dataset spanning between 1980 and 2017. The current paper employs utilized panel econometric techniques such as CIDF, panel unit test, the Westerlund panel cointegration, fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS), and Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality test to assess these associations. The outcomes from the FMOLS and DOLS estimation reveal that (i) economic growth impacts CO2 emissions positively, (ii) energy consumption exerts a positive impact on CO2 emissions, and (iii) urbanization impacts CO2 emissions positively. Furthermore, the outcomes of the causality test reveal that energy consumption and economic growth can predict CO2 emissions in Latin countries. The findings highlight the importance of policymakers actively coordinating strategies to address Latin America’s severe environmental degradation.

The environmental sustainability effects of financial development and urbanization in Latin American countries

This research contributes to the existing corporate governance (CG) and social and environmental accountability (SEA) literature by exploring the impact of CG mechanisms (board independence, board size, CEO duality, and board gender diversity) on Chinese firms’ environmental performance, sustainability performance, and environmental information disclosures (EID). Furthermore, the investigation consequently ascertains the amount to which the CG–SEA connection is influenced by CEO qualities. Using a dynamic model of a SysGMM regression model, we found that board size, independence, and gender diversity in board and CEO duality are all favorably connected to Chinese enterprises’ environmental performance over a window of 10 years (2010–2019). Additionally, our findings imply that the analyzed CEO characteristics positively moderate the relationship between CG and SEA. Our findings have significant consequences for all stakeholders, including environmentalists, corporate regulators, CEOs, policymakers, and regulators.

Board Composition and Social & Environmental Accountability: A Dynamic Model Analysis of Chinese Firms

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Sustainability and legitimacy theory: The case of sustainable social and environmental practices of small and medium-sized enterprises

The anthropogenic consequences of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, economic growth and air transport have been assessed enormously in the literature. However, given the complexities in many economies of the world today, it is important to reassess the ecological concerns of these factors in light of the Environmental Kuznets Curve. Therefore, this current study investigates the global assessment using data from World Bank Development database from 1995 to 2016. Evidence from the method employed, sys-GMM, revealed that the economic complexities index increases the carbon emission in low-income groups while it significantly decreases the carbon emission for upper-middle and high-income groups. For the combined group, the EKC hypothesis holds and ECI significantly hampers carbon emissions. For the other variables, it is worthy of note that: (1) economic growth contributes to the high carbon contents across the income group especially for low-income, upper-middle-income and high-income group; (2) the effects of air transport on carbon emission is positive for lower-middle-income and high-income group and negative for the upper-middle-income group; (3) the use of coal rents and energy use leads to high release of carbon contents across all the income groups; and (4) a significant increase in the utilization of energy leads to increase in carbon contents except for lower-income group it leads to a decrease. From this empirical assessment, vital energy policy directions are suggested

Environmental Degradation, Energy Consumption and Sustainable Development: Accounting for the role of Economic Complexities with evidence from World Bank Income Clusters

Digital supply chains have revolutionised manufacturing firms by helping them address the challenges of a dynamic environment. Firms implement low-carbon practices to achieve environmental sustainability. This paper explores whether digital supply chain networks can influence the sustainable performance of manufacturing firms and the mediating effect of low-carbon practices in the contingency factor of environmental dynamism (ED). The relationship is examined in terms of information processing theory and stakeholder theory and from the perspective of a resource-based view (RBV). The proposed framework is tested using structural equation modelling. The results show that low-carbon practices have a partial mediation effect on digital supply chains and the sustainable performance of manufacturing firms. Furthermore, ED moderates the relationship of low-carbon practices and digital supply chain networks. The study can support managers as they design strategies to move towards a low-carbon economy, enhancing the firm's sustainable performance in accordance with ED. The current study strongly contributes to the literature on business strategy and the environment, as it has both theoretical and practical implications. 

The impact of environmental dynamism on low‐carbon practices and digital supply chain networks to enhance sustainable performance: An empirical analysis

This study seeks to contribute to the existing business strategy and the environment literature by examining the effect of governance structures on Chinese firms' environmental performance, and consequently ascertain the extent to which the financial performance–environmental performance nexus is moderated by governance mechanisms. Using a sample of Chinese companies from heavily polluting industries over a 5‐year period, our baseline findings suggest that, on average, board size and governing board meetings are positively associated with Chinese firms' environmental performance, whilst board independence and gender diversity have positive, but insignificant association with firms' environmental performance. Our evidence suggests further that the examined internal governance mechanisms have a mixed moderating effect on the link between financial performance and environmental performance. Our findings have important implications for company executives, environmental activists, policy‐makers, and regulators. Our results support insights drawn from agency, resource dependence, stakeholder, and legitimacy theories.

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Environmental performance, sustainability, governance and financial performance: Evidence from heavily polluting industries in China

China has paid huge resources and environmental costs in the rapid economic development, which severely restricts China's sustainable development. As a mesolevel between macro(state) and micro(enterprise), urban management has many features that are different from traditional management. This research mainly discusses the construction of ecological smart city based on ecological economy and network governance. This research analyzes the current situation and problems of urban construction from three aspects: urban ecological economy, urban ecological environment, and urban ecological society. The ecological indicators of smart cities are used to reflect the true situation of the target. In order to facilitate quantitative analysis with the greatest possibility and accuracy, a batch of representative, comprehensive, and quantifiable indicator data is the key. By drawing on the existing literature and implementing it under the circumstances, the selected methods are frequency analysis and theoretical analysis, which are divided into three parts: economy, environment, and society to construct an urban ecological evaluation index system. Under the new network governance environment, the openness of government affairs has become more transparent and time-effective. Moving the government's work to the network not only enhances the construction of a clean government, but also increases the level of public participation. The main ways of citizen participation created by network governance are carrying out online voting, making anonymous online speeches, and online inquiries about politics, etc. These ways have expanded the traditional government governance methods. Not only that, network governance can make the government's management process more transparent. In this situation, government activities are carried out under the supervision of citizens, which can alleviate the phenomenon of corruption. After the implementation of the ecological smart city plan, the green coverage rate of the built-up area of City A will increase by 1.8% compared with 2017, showing an upward trend. This research will provide effective guidance for the development of ecological smart cities.

https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/cin/2022/5682965.pdf

Ecological Smart City Construction Based on Ecological Economy and Network Governance

Model construction of urban agglomeration expansion simulation considering urban flow and hierarchical characteristics

Urban villages, namely villages encircled by urban environments, are unique phenomena that proliferated during China’s rapid urbanization process, as well as important development issues for many Chinese cities at present. This article focuses on two planning approaches for urban villages, dominated by the government’s uniform and formal planning and villagers’ spontaneous and informal planning practices, aiming to examine which planning approach is more conducive to urban village development. The two planning approaches for urban villages have simultaneously appeared in Hangzhou, a Chinese metropolis with a combination of high-speed economic growth, a unique geological environment, and a long cultural history, providing appropriate comparative study cases for this research. Two urban villages, Luojiazhuang and Yangjiapailou, located in plain and hilly areas in Hangzhou, respectively, and developed through the two planning approaches were selected as study cases. Primary data were collected based on field investigations, semi-structured interviews, and questionnaire surveys. The villagers’ rental income, shopkeepers’ business benefits, and tenants’ residential satisfaction were investigated to compare the development of the two urban villages. Results indicate that compared with the formal planning-dominated approach, the informal planning-dominated approach achieves continuously rising rental income, more stable business benefits, and higher residential satisfaction, better suited to urban village development. This study contributes to coordinated urban–rural interaction in the urbanization process and enriches the formality–informality debates from a spatial planning perspective.

https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/4/546/pdf?version=1650011430

Formal and Informal Planning-Dominated Urban Village Development: A Comparative Study of Luojiazhuang and Yangjiapailou in Hangzhou, China

China has paid huge resources and environmental costs in the rapid economic development, which severely restricts China’s sustainable development. As a mesolevel between macro(state) and micro(enterprise), urban management has many features that are dierent from traditional management. is research mainly discusses the construction of ecological smart city based on ecological economy and network governance. is research analyzes the current situation and problems of urban construction from three aspects: urban ecological economy, urban ecological environment, and urban ecological society. e ecological indicators of smart cities are used to reect the true situation of the target. In order to facilitate quantitative analysis with the greatest possibility and accuracy, a batch of representative, comprehensive, and quantiable indicator data is the key. By drawing on the existing literature and implementing it under the circumstances, the selected methods are frequency analysis and theoretical analysis, which are divided into three parts: economy, environment, and society to construct an urban ecological evaluation index system. Under the new network governance environment, the openness of government aairs has become more transparent and time-eective. Moving the government’s work to the network not only enhances the construction of a clean government, but also increases the level of public participation. e main ways of citizen participation created by network governance are carrying out online voting, making anonymous online speeches, and online inquiries about politics, etc. ese ways have expanded the traditional government governance methods. Not only that, network governance can make the government’s management process more transparent. In this situation, government activities are carried out under the supervision of citizens, which can alleviate the phenomenon of corruption. After the implementation of the ecological smart city plan, the green coverage rate of the built-up area of City A will increase by 1.8% compared with 2017, showing an upward trend.is research will provide eective guidance for the development of ecological smart cities.

Yue Wu

Papers

Environmental performance, sustainability, governance and financial performance: Evidence from heavily polluting industries in China

Ecological Smart City Construction Based on Ecological Economy and Network Governance

Model construction of urban agglomeration expansion simulation considering urban flow and hierarchical characteristics

Formal and Informal Planning-Dominated Urban Village Development: A Comparative Study of Luojiazhuang and Yangjiapailou in Hangzhou, China

Ecological Smart City Construction Based on Ecological Economy and Network Governance