Electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide using an edge-plane pyrolytic-graphite electrode (EPPG), a glassy carbon (GC) electrode, and a silver nanoparticle-modified GC electrode is reported. It is shown, in phosphate buffer (0.05 mol L(-1), pH 7.4), that hydrogen peroxide cannot be detected directly on either the EPPG or GC electrodes. However, reduction can be facilitated by modification of the glassy-carbon surface with nanosized silver assemblies. The optimum conditions for modification of the GC electrode with silver nanoparticles were found to be deposition for 1 min at -0.5 V vs. Ag from 5 mmol L(-1) AgNO3/0.1 mol L(-1) TBAP/MeCN, followed by stripping for 2 min at +0.5 V vs. Ag in the same solution. A wave, due to the reduction of hydrogen peroxide on the silver nanoparticles is observed at -0.68 V vs. SCE. The limit of detection for this modified nanosilver electrode was 2.0 x 10(-6) mol L(-1) for hydrogen peroxide in phosphate buffer (0.05 mol L(-1), pH 7.4) with a sensitivity which is five times higher than that observed at a silver macro-electrode. Also observed is a shoulder on the voltammetric wave corresponding to the reduction of oxygen, which is produced by silver-catalysed chemical decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen then oxygen reduction at the surface of the glassy-carbon electrode.

Silver nanoparticle assemblies supported on glassy-carbon electrodes for the electro-analytical detection of hydrogen peroxide.

Hydrogen peroxide sensor based on horseradish peroxidase-labeled Au colloids immobilized on gold electrode surface by cysteamine monolayer

Silica sol-gel immobilized amperometric biosensor for hydrogen peroxide

A novel hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on the immobilization of horseradish peroxidase onto Au-modified titanium dioxide nanotube arrays.

Analytical applications of liquid-phase chemiluminescence

Peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence (CL) assay of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or glucose was developed by using 2, 4, 6, 8-tetrathiomorpholinopyrimido[5, 4-d]pyrimidine as a fluorescent component and bis(2, 4, 6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate (TCPO) as an oxalate. Linear relationships between CL intensity and final concentration of H2O2 from 10-8 to 10-4M were obtained. The detection limit at the ratio of CL intensities for sample and blank (S/B) of 3 was 10nM. The precision for five replicate measurements at 10-5 and 10-6M of H2O2 were 17.6 and 15.7% of relative standard deviations, respectively. α-D-Glucose was transformed to β-D-glucose with mutarotase and converted to H2O2 and D-gluconic acid with glucose oxidase, which was detected by using peroxyoxalate CL reaction. A linear calibration graph was obtained up to 1.5×10-4M of glucose solution. The method was applied to the assay of glucose in human serum. The recovery was 98.2% (n=4). The method correlated well with the conventional colorimetric method (r=0.968).

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Peroxyoxalate Chemiluminescence Assay of Hydrogen Peroxide and Glucose Using 2,4,6,8-Tetrathiomorpholinopyrimido(5,4-d)pyrimidine as a Fluorescent Component.

Determination of the fluorescent drugs dipyridamole and benzydamine in rat plasma by liquid chromatography with peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence detection

Application of bis[4-nitro-2-(3,6,9-trioxadecyloxycarbonyl)-phenyl]oxalate to post-column chemiluminescence detection in high-performance liquid chromatography.

Sensitive detection of oxo-steroids and oxo-bile acids by liquid chromatography with peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence detection

A rapid and sensitive flow-injection method with peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence (CL) detection for the determination of glucose and uric acid by using an immobilized enzyme reactor is described. CL produced in a flow cell by the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with bis(2, 4, 6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate and a fluorescent compound, 2, 4, 6, 8-tetrathiomorpholinopyrimido[5, 4-d]pyrimidine, was monitored. Linear responses between the concentration and the CL intensity for glucose and uric acid were obtained up to 3×10-4M (6nmol per 20μl injection, r=0.999) and 1×10-5M (0.2nmol per 20μl injection, r=1.000), respectively; both limits of detection were the same (5×10-7M, 10pmol per 20μl injection, S/N>3). The relative standard deviations for ten replicate measurements were 1.1% for glucose (2×10-5M, 0.4 nmol/injection) and 2.2% for uric acid (5×10-6M, 0.1nmol/injection). Good correlations between the results of serum glucose or uric acid assay by the proposed methods and by the conventional colorimetric methods (r=0.994for glucose and r=0.986 for uric acid) were obtained.

Yukie Tsukamoto

Papers

Peroxyoxalate Chemiluminescence Assay of Hydrogen Peroxide and Glucose Using 2,4,6,8-Tetrathiomorpholinopyrimido(5,4-d)pyrimidine as a Fluorescent Component.

Determination of the fluorescent drugs dipyridamole and benzydamine in rat plasma by liquid chromatography with peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence detection

Application of bis[4-nitro-2-(3,6,9-trioxadecyloxycarbonyl)-phenyl]oxalate to post-column chemiluminescence detection in high-performance liquid chromatography.

Sensitive detection of oxo-steroids and oxo-bile acids by liquid chromatography with peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence detection

Flow-Injection Analysis with Chemiluminescence Detection of Glucose and Uric Acid Using Immobilized Enzyme Reactor