Showing papers by "Yunes Panahi published in 2015"

Investigation of the efficacy of adjunctive therapy with bioavailability-boosted curcuminoids in major depressive disorder.

Abstract: Current medications have limited efficacy in controlling the symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD), and are associated with several adverse events on long-term use. Curcuminoids are extremely safe and multifunctional phytopharmaceuticals that have been shown to alleviate depressive symptoms in a variety of experimental models. The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of curcuminoids as an add-on to standard antidepressants in patients with MDD. One hundred and eleven subjects were assigned to standard antidepressive therapy plus curcuminoids-piperine combination (1000-10 mg/day; n=61) or standard antidepressive therapy alone (n=50) for a period of 6 weeks. Efficacy measures were changes in the psychological status on the basis of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II). The BDI-II and HADS total and subscale scores were reduced by the end of trial in both study groups. There were significantly greater reductions in total HADS score and subscales of anxiety and depression in the curcuminoids versus control group (p<0.001). Likewise, reductions in BDI-II total score and scores of somatic and cognitive subscales were found to be greater in the curcuminoids compared with control group (p<0.001). Co-administration of curcuminoids with piperine may be used as a safe and effective add-on to standard antidepressants in patients with MDD.

Chlorella vulgaris: A Multifunctional Dietary Supplement with Diverse Medicinal Properties

Abstract: Chlorella vulgaris is a green unicellular microalgae with biological and pharmacological properties important for human health. C. vulgaris has a long history of use as a food source and contains a unique and diverse composition of functional macro- and micro-nutrients including proteinsChlorella vulgaris is a green unicellular microalgae with biological and pharmacological properties important for human health. C. vulgaris has a long history of use as a food source and contains a unique and diverse composition of functional macro- and micro-nutrients including proteins, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, polysaccharides, vitamins and minerals. Clinical trials have suggested that supplementation with C. vulgaris can ameliorate amelioration hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, and protect against oxidative stress, cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this review, we summarize the findings on the health benefits of Chlorella supplementation and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects., omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, polysaccharides, vitamins and minerals. Clinical trials have suggested that supplementation with C. vulgaris can ameliorate amelioration hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, and protect against oxidative stress, cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this review, we summarize the findings on the health benefits of Chlorella supplementation and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects.

Comparative trial of Aloe vera/olive oil combination cream versus phenytoin cream in the treatment of chronic wounds.

Abstract: Objective: Aloe vera is a medicinal plant that has been traditionally used to accelerate wound healing. Olive oil is also a natural product that may contribute to wound healing owing to its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of an Aloe vera–olive oil (AVO) combination cream on the healing process of chronic wounds. Method: In this randomised, double-blind, comparator-controlled, parallel-group trial, patients with chronic wounds were treated with either AVO cream or phenytoin cream as the standard treatment for a period of 30 days. Wound healing was evaluated using Bates-Jensen assessment tool and the severity of pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: After initial assessment, 60 patients with chronic wounds (41 with pressure ulcer, 13 with diabetic wounds and 6 with venous ulcers), were recruited and randomised into 2 groups of 30. After 30 days of treatment, significant improvements in the wound size, depth, and edges; nec...

Role of oxidative stress in sulfur mustard-induced pulmonary injury and antioxidant protection

Abstract: Sulfur mustard (SM) is a potent alkylating agent that targets several organs, especially lung tissue. Although pathological effects of SM have been widely considered, molecular and cellular mechanisms for these pathologies are not well understood, yet. General cellular and molecular events such as inflammation, DNA damage, cell membrane disintegrity, apoptosis and cell death were observed either in in vitro or in vivo models exposed to SM. However, it is not obvious that which specific molecules and signaling pathways are relevant to the pathogenesis of mustard lung. Oxidative stress (OS) and antioxidants depletion induced by SM seem to be one of these factors. SM can trigger several molecular and cellular pathways linked to oxidative stress and inflammation that can cause cell necrosis and apoptosis as well as loss of tissue structure and function. Identification of these signaling pathways and molecules gives us valuable information regarding the toxic mechanisms of SM on injured tissues and the way for developing a better clinical approach. In this review we aimed to discuss the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms of SM on pulmonary damage, the importance of oxidative stress and the mechanisms by which SM induces OS and antioxidants depletion along with research on antioxidant therapy as a suitable antidote.

Rosemary Oil vs Minoxidil 2% for the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia: A Randomized Comparative Trial

Abstract: Rosmarinus officinalis L. is a medicinal plant with diverse activities including enhancement microcapillary perfusion. The present study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of rosemary oil in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and compare its effects with minoxidil 2%. Patients with AGA were randomly assigned to rosemary oil (n = 50) or minoxidil 2% (n = 50) for a period of 6 months. After a baseline visit, patients returned to the clinic for efficacy and safety evaluations every 3 months. A standardized professional microphotographic assessment of each volunteer was taken at the initial interview and after 3 and 6 months of the trial. No significant change was observed in the mean hair count at the 3-month endpoint, neither in the rosemary nor in the minoxidil group (P > .05). In contrast, both groups experienced a significant increase in hair count at the 6-month endpoint compared with the baseline and 3-month endpoint (P .05). The frequencies of dry hair, greasy hair, and dandruff were not found to be significantly different from baseline at either month 3 or month 6 trial in the groups (P > .05). The frequency of scalp itching at the 3- and 6-month trial points was significantly higher compared with baseline in both groups (P < .05). Scalp itching, however, was more frequent in the minoxidil group at both assessed endpoints (P < .05). The findings of the present trial provided evidence with respect to the efficacy of rosemary oil in the treatment of AGA.

The efficacy of topical and oral ivermectin in the treatment of human scabies

Abstract: Scabies is an itchy skin condition caused by the microscopic mite Sarcoptes scabei The itching is caused by an allergic reaction to the mites The treatment of choice is still controversial It is commonly treated with topical insecticides The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of topical and oral ivermectin in the treatment of human scabies We searched electronic databases (Cochrane Occupational Safety and Health Review Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library), MEDLINE (Ovid), Pubmed, EMBASE, LILACS, CINAHL, Open Grey and WHO ICTRP) up to September 2014 Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cluster RCTs which compared the efficacy of ivermectin with other medications in the treatment of scabies Interventions could be compared to each other, or to placebo or to no treatment The author intended to extract dichotomous data (developed infection or did not develop infection) for the effects of interventions We intended to report any adverse outcomes similarly It has been sated that ivermectin was as effective as permethrin in the treatment of scabies In comparison to other medications such as lindane, benzyl benzoate, crotamiton and malathion, ivermectin was more effective in the treatment of scabies Ivermectin is an effective and cost-comparable alternative to topical agents in the treatment of scabies infection

Epigenetic: a missing paradigm in cellular and molecular pathways of sulfur mustard lung: a prospective and comparative study

Abstract: Sulfur mustard (SM, bis- (2-chloroethyl) sulphide) is a chemical warfare agent that causes DNA alkylation, protein modification and membrane damage. SM can trigger several molecular pathways involved in inflammation and oxidative stress, which cause cell necrosis and apoptosis, and loss of cells integrity and function. Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is a growing research topic and is addressed by DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and noncoding RNAs expression. It seems SM can induce the epigenetic modifications that are translated into change in gene expression. Classification of epigenetic modifications long after exposure to SM would clarify its mechanism and paves a better strategy for the treatment of SM-affected patients. In this study, we review the key aberrant epigenetic modifications that have important roles in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and compared with mustard lung.

Complications and Carcinogenic Effects of Mustard Gas--a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Iran.

Abstract: Background: Catastrophic effects of mustard gas as a chemical warfare agent have always been a major problem for those exposed to this agent. In this meta-analysis it was tried to evaluate carcinogenesis, ocular, cutaneous and respiratory complications of mustard gas exposure among Iranians who had been exposed to this agent during the Iran-Iraq war. Materials and Methods: In this meta-analysis, the required data were collected using keywords "mustard gas", "sulfur mustard", "cancer", "neoplasm", "respiratory complications", "ocular complications", "lung disease", "chronic complication", "eye", "skin", "cutaneous complication", "carcinogenesis" and their combination with keywords "Iran", "Iranian", "prevalence", "mortality" and their Farsi equivalent terms from the databases of SID, Iranmedex, Magiran, Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Search engine, Gray Literature and Reference of References. To determine the prevalence of each complication and perform meta-analysis, CMA: 2 (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) software with a randomized model was used. Results: Of the 542 articles found, 7 national articles, consistent with the aims of this study were selected. Metaanalysis of seven papers revealed that cancer risk, especially cancer of the respiratory system was elevated, so that the relative risk (RR) of cancer role of mustard gas was inconsistent from 2/1 to 4 in this survey. Also prevalence of delayed skin disorders due to sulfur mustard was 94.6, pulmonary complications 94.5 and ocular complications 89.9. The incidence of various cancers in victims exposed to mustard gas was 1.7 worldwide where the rate was 2.2 in Iranian victims of the Iraq-Iran war. Conclusions: Based on present study the prevalence of delayed mustard gas related cutaneous, pulmonary and ocular complications is above 90 and risk of carcinogenesis is higher in comparison to worldwide statistics. This may suggest need for long-term and persistent follow-up and rehabilitation procedures es for populations exposed to this agent.

Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Airway Remodeling in Pulmonary Diseases

Abstract: According to significant improvements in the tissue engineering field over the past several years, lung tissue cells have recently attracted more attention due to the high prevalence and diversity in related diseases. However, selection of an appropriate cell type, screening of suitable conditions for growth and proliferation, as well as subsequent implantation into the body to repair and regenerate damaged tissues are considered as important issues in this context. It should also be noted that most studies have been described in animal models, but not in humans. Because of the high regenerative capacity, predominant immunomodulatory feature, and inhibition of T-lymphocyte proliferation, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may play an important role in the reconstruction of damaged tissues including bronchioles in pulmonary diseases. Interestingly, clinical trial studies demonstrated that MSCs have the significant potential to treat a wide variety of diseases including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), liver cirrhosis, crohn's disease, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

Efficacy and Safety of Aluminum Chloride in Controlling External Hemorrhage: An Animal Model Study

Abstract: Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted in Kashan, Iran. In this study, 60 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into six groups. An incision, two centimeters (cm) long and half a cm deep, was made on each rat’s shaved back skin and the hemostatic time was measured once using aluminum chloride with different concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 25%, and 50%) and then using the control method (controlling hemorrhage by simple suturing). The skin tissue was assessed for pathological changes. Results: The hemostatic time of aluminum chloride 50%, 25%, 15%, 10% and 5% were 8.20 ± 0.919, 14.10 ± 1.37, 21.20 ± 1.31, 30.80 ± 1.68 and 42.00 ± 4.19 seconds, respectively. Also, the mean hemostasis time in the control group (suture) was 84.00 ± 4.05 seconds. The hemostatic times of different concentrations of aluminum chloride were significantly less than that of the control group. There was a statistically significant difference between every two hemostatic time. The pathologic examination showed the highest frequency of low-grade inflammation based on the defined pathological grading. Conclusions: The aluminum chloride method needs less time to control external hemorrhage compared to the control method (controlling external hemorrhage by simple suturing). Aluminum chloride is an effective agent in controlling external hemorrhage in an animal model.

Topical cyclosporine A for mustard gas induced ocular surface disorders

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of topical cyclosporine A 0.05% for treatment of mustard gas-induced ocular surface disorders with special attention to conjunctival goblet cell density in patients with severe dry eye. Methods: This prospective clinical study included 20 eyes of 20 patients previously exposed to mustard gas with dry eye syndrome unresponsive to artificial tears. Before and after treatment with topical cyclosporine A 0.05% twice daily for 3 months, subjects were evaluated for improvement in symptoms using the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and signs by tear breakup time (TBUT), Schirmer test and measurement of superior bulbar conjunctival goblet cell density. Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) and the degree of corneal squamous cell metaplasia were also assessed before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, mean OSDI score, Schirmer test I value and mean TBUT were 42.8 ± 6.1, 4.2 ± 1.2 mm and 2.5 ± 1.3 s, respectively. After 3 months of treatment with topical cyclosporine A, these scores reached 36.4 ± 5.2, 5.8 ± 1.6 mm and 4.9 ± 2.1 s, respectively showing a statistically significant improvement ( P P P > 0.05). Conclusion: Treatment with topical cyclosporine A 0.05% in patients with severe dry eye due to mustard gas injury increases goblet cell density in the bulbar conjunctiva and improves symptoms of the disease.

Environmental Toxicant Exposure and Cancer: The Role of Epigenetic Changes and Protection by Phytochemicals.

Abstract: Exposure to environmental toxicants is a well-documented predisposing factor for cancer. Although genetic alterations have long been known to occur through exposure to some environmental carcinogens, there is another layer of genome regulatory system named epigenetic system. Epigenetics is defined as any reversible and heritable change in cellular patterns of gene expression that does not alter DNA sequence. This layer of gene control plays a key role in early stages of carcinogenesis by reprogramming cells to what is known as cancer stem cells, a process with great similarities to somatic cell reprogramming into "induced pluripotent stem cell". Environmental toxicants could directly promote carcinogenesis through disturbing promoter CpG island hypermethylation, and silencing of tumor suppressor genes, hypomethylation of transposable elements and genomic instability induced by environmental toxicants. Environmental toxicants could also indirectly affect epigenetic programming of nucleus through inducing inflammatory signaling pathways that converge on NF-κB or STAT3 activation. Considering the reversibility of epigenetic alterations and their pivotal role in early carcinogenesis, reversion of these alterations could be a promising approach for chemoprevention. Selected phytochemicals have shown desirable effects through regulation of the most important epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications and microRNA expression, as well as modulation of SIRT-1 and STAT-3 signaling pathways. The present review aims to outline the epigenetic mechanisms underlying carcinogenic effects of environmental toxicants, and the protective effects of phytochemicals in reversing epigenetic aberrations in the regulatory pathways steering normal cell homeostasis.

A Triage Model for Chemical Warfare Casualties.

Abstract: The main objectives of triage are securing patient safety during the process of emergency diagnosis and treatment, and reduction of waiting time for medical services and transport. To date, there is no triage system for nerve agent victims.This systematic review proposes a new triage system for patients exposed to nerve agents. Information regarding clinical signs and symptoms of intoxication with nerve agents, primary treatments, and classification of patients were extracted from the literature. All related articles were reviewed. Subsequently, specialists from different disciplines were invited to discuss and draft protocols.Finalized triage tables summarizing the classification methods and required protocols in the field were designed after several meetings.The proposed triage protocol encompasses aspects from most of the existing triage systems to create a single overarching guide for unifying the triage process. The proposed protocol can serve as a base for the designing future guidelines.

Effects of supplementation with Heracleum persicum fruit extract on serum lipids in patients undergoing coronary angiography: a pilot trial.

Abstract: Heracleum persicum Desf. Ex Fischer (Apiaceae) is a native medicinal plant in the Iranian traditional medicine and also a safe and common dietary spice. The present pilot study aimed to investigate the impact of supplementation with H. persicum fruits on serum lipid concentrations in a group of patients with minimal coronary artery disease. Subjects who were diagnosed with 0.05). However, serum triglycerides levels were reduced after H. persicum extract supplementation in a borderline significant manner (p=0.063). Short-term supplementation with H. persicum fruit extract might be used as an adjunctive treatment for patients with hypertriglyceridemia.

Evaluation of a biosimilar recombinant alpha epoetin in the management of anemia in hemodialysis patients

Abstract: Background: The efficacy of human recombinant erythropoietins (rHuEPOs) in the treatment of anemia with different etiologies is proven. Development of biosimilar rHuEPO products with lower cost and wider availability is important for the care of anemic patients. Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the bioequivalence and safety of a biosimilar rHuEPO (Pastopoitin®) and compare it with the innovator product Eprex®, as a standard rHuEPO. Methods: One hundred and seven anemic patients on stable hemodialysis were recruited to this randomized double-blind comparative trial and assigned to either subcutaneous Pastopoitin (n = 50) or Eprex (n = 57). Each study group received rHuEPO at a dose of 80–120 IU/kg/week in 2–3 divided doses for a period of 3 months. Hematologic parameters including Hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC, EBC, platelet, MCV, MCH and MCHC were checked every 2 weeks. Blood iron, ferritin, TIBC, creatinine, BUN and electrolytes (Na, K, Ca and P) were evaluated monthly over the 3 months. Results: A significant increase in hemoglobin, hematocrit and RBC was observed by the end of study in both Pastopoitin and Eprex groups (p 0.05). Likewise, the groups were comparable regarding MCV, MCH, MCHC, iron, ferritin, TIBC, creatinine, BUN and electrolytes at baseline as well as at the end of trial. Adverse events were not serious and occurred with the same frequency in the study groups. Conclusion: Pastopoitin showed comparable efficacy and safety profile with Eprex in anemic patients on hemodialysis. Hence, Pastopoitin may be considered as a rHuEPO with a lower cost and wider availability compared with the innovator product Eprex.

Clinical evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of Heracleum persicum fruits

Abstract: Inflammation is a key player in the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Heracleum persicum Desf. Ex Fischer is a medicinal plant containing phytochemicals with anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of H. persicum extract in patients with minimal coronary artery disease. Subjects with 0.05). Comparison of the magnitude of changes between the study groups did not indicate any significant difference between H. persicum extract and placebo (p > 0.05). The present results did not indicate any superior effect of H. persicum to placebo in terms of changing serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers.

Angiographic Findings after Supplementation with Heracleum persicum Extract: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Abstract: Background: Heracleum persicum is a common dietary spice with several traditional medicinal properties important for cardiovascular health including antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study explored the effects of supplementation with H. persicum fruit on the angiographic findings of patients with minimal coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Subjects who were diagnosed with Results: Posttrial angiography did not reveal any improvement in the number of stenosed vessels after consumption of H. persicum extract versus placebo (P > 0.05). Similarly, there was no significant difference between the study groups in terms of disease progression and chest pain score (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The present results do not support any clinically significant benefit of supplementation with H. persicum extract on the angiographic findings of in patients with minimal CAD.

Oral health status among Iranian veterans exposed to sulfur mustard: a case-control study

Abstract: Background: Sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical warfare agent that has been repeatedly used since World War I. SM has chronic and deleterious effects on different body organs such as lungs, skin and eyes. Objectives: To determine dental and oral health status of chemical victims of SM who were exposed to SM during the Iraqi-Iran war. Material and Methods: In this case-control study, 100 male subjects exposed to SM were chosen as cases, and 100 non-exposed volunteers were chosen as controls. These groups were selected randomly according to their referral number, and were matched regarding age. Collection of information was performed using Oral Health Assessment Form designed by the World Health Organization. Quantitative and qualitative data were compared between the groups using independent samples t-test and Chi-square test, respectively. Results: There was a significant difference between the case and control groups with respect to the frequencies of oral candidiasis, pharyngeal erythema and/or hyperplasia, hairy tongue and reflux disease, being higher in the former group. There was also a positive association between the frequency of candidiasis and the percentage of disability; pharyngeal erythema and/or hyperplasia and use of salmeterol spray; and between hairy tongue and antibiotic use in the case group. Conclusions: Exposure to SM and the use of drugs for controlling long-term complications does not increase the risk of tooth decay, tooth loss, and intra and/or extra oral lesions in patients, but may be associated with increased incidence of oral candidiasis, pharyngeal erythema and/or hyperplasia, hairy tongue and reflux disease.

Acute and Chronic Effects of Disturbance Control Factors, Complications and Treatment Method

Abstract: The main aim of this study was to collect the experiences of Iranian researchers about different types of tear gases and pepper sprays, effects, treatment strategies and also to provide a guideline for the prevention of abuse of these dangerous agents. Tear gases include CS, CN, CA and OC sprays most common of which is CS. Tear gas that through the eyes of confusion (tearing and spasm) of the eyelids and closing the gases, and through upper respiratory tract irritation (sneezing and vomiting) temporary disables the person. Pepper spray, also known as OC spray (from “oleoresin capsicum”), OC gas, and capsicum spray, is a lachrymatory agent (a chemical compound that irritates the eyes to cause tears, pain, and temporary blindness). It is used in policing, riot control, crowd control, and personal self-defense, including defense against dogs and bears. Its inflammatory effects cause the eyes to swell, impairing the vision. The results also show that tear gas abstract by target tissues of the eyes, skin, and digestive system and affect the nerves. There is no effective antidote to common tear gases; however, decontamination is the first line of action. Once a person exposed to these agents, there is a variety of methods to remove as much chemical as possible and relieve the symptoms. The standard first aid for burning solutions in the eye is irrigation (spraying or flushing out) with water, and some evidence suggests that diphoterine solution, a first aid product for chemical sprays, may help with ocular burns or chemicals in the eye. As chemical gases are easily accessible and the risk of their being used threatens people, the proposed approach is necessary to control all gases. It is suggested that these gases and sprays be less available and less used. Furthermore, the proper administration route of these tools should be taught to people.

A prospective Crossover Triple-blind Controlled Trial on the Safety and Efficacy of Iranian Recombinant FVIII (Safacto) versus Plasma Derived FVIII A pilot study

Abstract: Background: Considering the increasing number of patients with hemophilia and infrastructure requirements for a comprehensive approach, development of a recombinant factor has become a milestone. The objective of this study was to assess the safety, efficacy and non inferiority of Safacto (Recombinant factor VIII) compared with plasma-derived factor in the treatment of hemophilia A. Methods: 10 patients with severe hemophilia A were enrolled in this study. Each patient was treated by a 40-50 IU/kg infusion of either plasma derived or recombinant factor VIII after initiation of each of 4 consecutive hemarthrosis episodes in a triple-blind prospective crossover permuted block randomizing method. Clinical efficacy scale score and in vivo recovery of factor VIII was assessed in each of the treated bleeding episodes. Any adverse event was also recorded. Results: The mean±SD level of factor VIII in the plasma versus recombinant groups was 111.5±39 and 115±39, respectively without any significant difference. Response scaling method which assessed pain and range of motion revealed equalized scores along with in vivo recovery, hence treatment success rate was comparable in both groups. One non-recurring, mild skin rash reaction occurred simultaneous with the administration of plasma derived factor. Conclusion: Safacto (r-FVIII) is safe and effective and non-inferior to plasma derived factor VIII in the treatment of hemophilia A related bleeding events.

Effect of ferric sulfate and ferric chloride in controlling liver bleeding an animal model study

Abstract: Introduction: Controlling parenchymal hemorrhage, especially in liver, is still one of the challenges surgeons face with when they try to save the patients’ lives despite improvements in surgical procedures. There is a research contest between the researchers in this field to introduce more effective methods. This study aimed to compare the hemostatic effect of ferric sulfate and ferric chloride on controlling the bleeding from liver parenchymal tissue. Methods: In this animal model study 70 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into seven groups. An incision, 2 cm long and 0.5 cm deep, was made on each rat’s liver, and the hemostasis time was measured with different concentrations (15%, 25%, and 50%) of either ferric sulfate or ferric chloride compared with the control method (i.e. by simple suturing). The liver tissue was examined for pathological changes after one week. The obtained data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests in the SPSS software. Results: We found complete hemostasis in all groups. The hemostasis times of different concentrations of ferric sulfate and ferric chloride were significantly less than that of the control group (P value<0.01). Ferric sulfate showed statistically significant faster hemostasis at different concentrations compared with ferric chloride (P value<0.01). Conclusion: Ferric sulfate and ferric chloride need less time to control liver bleeding compared to the control method (i.e. by sutures). Ferric sulfate is a more effective hemostatic agent than ferric chloride in controlling hepatic bleeding in an animal model.

Investigating the effect of calcium sulfate on liver hemorrhage control in an animal model

Abstract: Background: The control of parenchymal hemorrhage especially in liver parenchyma, despite surgical science progresses is still one of the challenges surgeons face saving the patients’ lives and there is a research challenge between the researchers in this field to introduce a more effective method. This study aimed to determine the hemostatic effect of calcium sulfate on controlling the bleeding from liver parenchymal tissue. Materials and methods: In this animal model study 60 male Wistar rats were used. A length of two cm and a depth of half a cm incision were made on each mouse’s liver and the hemostasis time was measured using calcium sulfate different concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 25%, and 50%) and the control method (i.e. control of bleeding by suturing). Finally, the obtained data were entered into SPSS software and analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney, Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Results: The hemostasis time of calcium sulfate concentration groups was significantly less than that of the control group (p<0.01). Conclusion: Calcium sulfate is an effective hemostatic agent in controlling liver parenchymal tissue hemorrhage in an animal model.