다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Grass carps co-exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of cypermethrin and sulfamethoxazole bear immunodeficiency and are vulnerable to subsequent Aeromonas hydrophila infection.

Graphene and its oxide are nanomaterials considered currently to be very promising because of their great potential applications in various industries. The exceptional physiochemical properties of graphene, particularly thermal conductivity, electron mobility, high surface area, and mechanical strength, promise development of novel or enhanced technologies in industries. The diverse applications of graphene and graphene oxide (GO) include energy storage, sensors, generators, light processing, electronics, and targeted drug delivery. However, the extensive use and exposure to graphene and GO might pose a great threat to living organisms and ultimately to human health. The toxicity data of graphene and GO is still insufficient to point out its side effects to different living organisms. Their accumulation in the aquatic environment might create complex problems in aquatic food chains and aquatic habitats leading to debilitating health effects in humans. The potential toxic effects of graphene and GO are not fully understood. However, they have been reported to cause agglomeration, long-term persistence, and toxic effects penetrating cell membrane and interacting with cellular components. In this review paper, we have primarily focused on the toxic effects of graphene and GO caused on aquatic invertebrates and fish (cell line and organisms). Here, we aim to point out the current understanding and knowledge gaps of graphene and GO toxicity.

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Toxicity Studies on Graphene-Based Nanomaterials in Aquatic Organisms: Current Understanding.

Effects of the glyphosate-based herbicide roundup on the survival, immune response, digestive activities and gut microbiota of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis.

Exposure to pyrimethanil induces developmental toxicity and cardiotoxicity in zebrafish.

Clethodim exposure induces developmental immunotoxicity and neurobehavioral dysfunction in zebrafish embryos.

Immunotoxicity and transcriptome analysis of zebrafish embryos in response to glufosinate-ammonium exposure.

Graphene oxide (GO) is an increasingly important nanomaterial that exhibits great promise in the area of bionanotechnology and nanobiomedicine. However, the toxic effects of GO on the vertebrate developmental system are still poorly understood. Here, we aimed to investigate the toxic effects and molecular mechanisms of GO exposure in larval and adult zebrafish. The results showed that the major hepatotoxic phenotype induced by GO in zebrafish embryos was a significant decrease in liver area and a dose-dependent decrease in the hepatocytes. Moreover, the number of macrophages and neutrophils in zebrafish embryos were reduced but the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines were increased after GO treatment. High through-put RNA-Seq identified 314 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GO-induced zebrafish embryos including 192 up-regulated and 122 down-regulated. KEGG and GO functional analysis revealed that steroid hormone biosynthesis, lipoprotein metabolic process, and PPAR signaling pathway were significantly enriched. Most of the lipid metabolism genes were down-regulated while majority of the immune genes were up-regulated after GO treatment. Moreover, GO induced NF-κB p65 into the nucleus and increased the protein levels of NF-κB p65, JAK2, STAT3, and Bcl2 in adult zebrafish liver. In addition, pharmacological experiments showed that inhibition of ROS and blocking the MAPK signaling could rescue the hepatotoxic phenotypes induced by GO exposure. On the contrary, pharmacological activation of PPAR-α expression have increased the hepatotoxic effects in GO-induced larval and adult zebrafish. Taken together, these informations demonstrated that GO induced hepatic dysfunction mainly through the ROS and PPAR-α mediated innate immune signaling in zebrafish.

Yunyun Deng

Papers

Clethodim exposure induces developmental immunotoxicity and neurobehavioral dysfunction in zebrafish embryos.

Immunotoxicity and transcriptome analysis of zebrafish embryos in response to glufosinate-ammonium exposure.

Graphene oxide nanoparticles induce hepatic dysfunction through the regulation of innate immune signaling in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

The hepatoprotective effects of Salvia plebeia R. Br. extract in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Protective effects and molecular mechanisms of baicalein on thioacetamide-induced toxicity in zebrafish larvae