Herein, we present a survey of the literature covering the development of molecular imprinting science and technology over the years 2004-2011. In total, 3779 references to the original papers, rev ...

Molecular imprinting science and technology: a survey of the literature for the years 2004-2011.

This critical review describes a class of polymers prepared by electrochemical polymerization that employs the concept of molecular imprinting for chemical sensing. The principal focus is on both conducting and nonconducting polymers prepared by electropolymerization of electroactive functional monomers, such as pristine and derivatized pyrrole, aminophenylboronic acid, thiophene, porphyrin, aniline, phenylenediamine, phenol, and thiophenol. A critical evaluation of the literature on electrosynthesized molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) applied as recognition elements of chemical sensors is presented. The aim of this review is to highlight recent achievements in analytical applications of these MIPs, including present strategies of determination of different analytes as well as identification and solutions for problems encountered.

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Electrochemically synthesized polymers in molecular imprinting for chemical sensing

This review highlights the importance of coupling molecular imprinting technology with methodology based on electrochemical techniques for the development of advanced sensing devices. In recent years, growing interest in molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) in the preparation of recognition elements has led researchers to design novel formats for improvement of MIP sensors. Among possible approaches proposed in the literature on this topic, we will focus on the electrosynthesis of MIPs and on less common hybrid technology (e.g. based on electrochemistry and classical MIPs, or nanotechnology). Starting from the early work reported in this field, an overview of the most innovative and successful examples will be reviewed.

MIP sensors – the electrochemical approach

Review: Micro- and nanosized molecularly imprinted polymers for high-throughput analytical applications

A synthetic polymer selective for atrazine was prepared by a molecular imprinting technique, and the binding characteristics of the atrazine-imprinted polymer were evaluated. Scatchard analysis showed that at least two classes of binding sites were formed in the imprinted polymer, and a dissociation constant of the higher affinity binding sites was estimated to be 12 μM. The induced affinity and selectivity by atrazine imprinting were examined chromatographically. The polymer gave more than 60 times longer retention for atrazine than the nonimprinted polymer with the same chemical composition. The selectivity was evaluated by capacity factors of atrazine and other pesticides, and atrazine showed the longest retention time among the tested compounds with 1,3,5-triazine-based structure. Other herbicides and pesticides with unrelated structures were retained 1% or less, as compared to atrazine. Because the optimal binding performance was exhibited in organic solvents, the synthetic polymer receptor is expected to be a good material in lipophilic herbicide analysis.

A molecularly imprinted synthetic polymer receptor selective for atrazine

http://rdesign.chem.yamaguchi-u.ac.jp/old_students/07/tet_hyd.pdf

Theoretical study on the reaction mechanism for the hydrolysis of esters and amides under acidic conditions

An electrochemical technique for preparation of a molecularly imprinted overoxidized polypyrrole (oPPy) film and its recognition property for bile acids are investigated, aiming for application to a bile acid sensor and clarification of the principle of the recognition mechanism with the quartz crystal microbalance. The molecularly imprinted oPPy has been prepared through a potentiodynamical overoxidation process in an alkaline solution from a taurocholate (TC) doped polypyrrole (PPy) film grown on an Au electrode. The molecularly imprinted film exhibited a high selectivity and sensitivity toward bile acids. Cholate, chenodeoxycholate, deoxycholate, TC, and artificially synthesized dehydrocholate showed a linear relationship between the resonance frequency and their logarithmic concentrations in a range from 10 - 9 to 10 - 5 M with detection limits for trace concentrations (∼25 nM). The sensitivity of an oPPy film imprinted with TC increased in the sequence of TC (28.8 Hz/log concentration) cholate > chenodeoxycholate ≥ deoxycholate > dehydrocholate).

Yutaka Ikenaga

Papers

Theoretical study on the reaction mechanism for the hydrolysis of esters and amides under acidic conditions

Molecular Recognition for Bile Acids Using a Molecularly Imprinted Overoxidized Polypyrrole Film

A Chemoinformatics Approach for Enantioseparation Mechanism of Amino Acids by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography Using Bile Acids