Zetty Norhana Balia Yusof

TL;DR: Although the AP2/ERF genes have been identified, information on the physiological mechanisms of this gene family under stress conditions in rice remains limited and further physiological studies must be performed in the future to identify additional features of this crucial gene family.

TL;DR: This review considers important plant resources, affecting factors, and the recombinant-protein expression techniques relevant to the plant molecular farming process that are important to the production of recombinant native and engineered proteins.

Abstract: Though cancer therapeutics can successfully eradicate cancerous cells, the effectiveness of these medications is mostly restricted to several deleterious side effects. Therefore, to alleviate these side effects, antioxidant supplementation is often warranted, reducing reactive species levels and mitigating persistent oxidative damage. Thus, it can impede the growth of cancer cells while protecting the normal cells simultaneously. Moreover, antioxidant supplementation alone or in combination with chemotherapeutics hinders further tumor development, prevents chemoresistance by improving the response to chemotherapy drugs, and enhances cancer patients' quality of life by alleviating side effects. Preclinical and clinical studies have been revealed the efficacy of using phytochemical and dietary antioxidants from different sources in treating chemo and radiation therapy-induced toxicities and enhancing treatment effectiveness. In this context, algae, both micro and macro, can be considered as alternative natural sources of antioxidants. Algae possess antioxidants from diverse groups, which can be exploited in the pharmaceutical industry. Despite having nutritional benefits, investigation and utilization of algal antioxidants are still in their infancy. This review article summarizes the prospective anticancer effect of twenty-three antioxidants from microalgae and their potential mechanism of action in cancer cells, as well as usage in cancer therapy. In addition, antioxidants from seaweeds, especially from edible species, are outlined, as well.

TL;DR: The modulation of thiamine biosynthetic genes in oil palm seedlings was evaluated in response to root colonization by endophytic Hendersonia toruloidea and showed an increase of up to 12-fold in the expression of all gene transcripts on day 1 post-inoculation.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors have shown that the use of microalgae as a source of natural antioxidants is under explored in Malaysia, and they have also shown that these microorganisms contain minerals, polysaccharides, amino derivatives, carotenoids and phenolic compounds.