Climate change 2014 - Synthesis Report

Ionic liquid with acidic properties is an important branch in the wide ionic liquid field and the aim of this article is to cover all aspects of these acidic ionic liquids, especially focusing on the developments in the last four years. The structural diversity and synthesis of acidic ionic liquids are discussed in the introduction sections of this review. In addition, an unambiguous classification system for various types of acidic ionic liquids is presented in the introduction. The physical properties including acidity, thermo-physical properties, ionic conductivity, spectroscopy, and computational studies on acidic ionic liquids are covered in the next sections. The final section provides a comprehensive review on applications of acidic ionic liquids in a wide array of fields including catalysis, CO2 fixation, ionogel, electrolyte, fuel-cell, membrane, biomass processing, biodiesel synthesis, desulfurization of gasoline/diesel, metal processing, and metal electrodeposition.

Acidic Ionic Liquids.

In-situ heavy and extra-heavy oil recovery: A review

Nitrogen foam flooding is a promising technique for enhanced oil recovery, but instability of the foam limits its application. In this article, partially hydrophobic modified SiO2 nanoparticles with an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), were used together to increase foam stability. Micromodel flooding and sandpack flooding were adopted to assess the stability and effect on enhanced oil recovery of the SiO2 stabilized foam (SiO2/SDS foam). The experimental data showed that the foam stability was decreased with an increase in temperature, while the foam volume was increased first and then decreased. SiO2/SDS foam showed better temperature tolerance than the SDS foam (foam stabilized by SDS) due to the adsorption of nanoparticles on the surface of the bubble. Almost all of the bubbles maintained spherical or ellipsoidal shape with prolonged time due to the enhanced surface dilational viscoelasticity, which was different from that of SDS foam. According to the micromodel flooding results, SiO2...

Utilization of Surfactant-Stabilized Foam for Enhanced Oil Recovery by Adding Nanoparticles

Despite the progress made on renewable energy, oil and gas remains the world’s primary energy source. Meanwhile, large amounts of oil deposits remain unrecovered after application of traditional oil recovery methods. Chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) has been adjudged as an efficient oil recovery technique to recover bypassed oil and residual oil trapped in the reservoir. This EOR method relies on the injection of chemicals to boost oil recovery. In this overview, an up-to-date synopsis of chemical EOR with detailed explanation of the chemicals used, and the mechanism governing their oil recovery application have been discussed. Challenges encountered in the application of the various conventional chemical EOR methods were highlighted, and solutions to overcome the challenges were proffered. Besides, the recent trend of incorporating nanotechnology and their synergistic effects on conventional chemicals stability and efficiency for EOR were also explored and analysed. Finally, laboratory results and field projects were outlined. The review of experimental studies shows that pore-scale mechanisms of conventional chemical EOR is enhanced by incorporating nanotechnology, hence, resulted in higher efficiency. Moreover, the use of ionic liquid chemicals and novel alkaline–cosolvent–polymer technology shows good potentials. This overview presents an extensive information about chemical EOR applications for sustainable energy production.

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An overview of chemical enhanced oil recovery: recent advances and prospects

Aqueous foam stabilized by partially hydrophobic nanoparticles in the presence of surfactant

The development of hydraulic fracturing has created a huge demand for fracturing fluids with high performance and low formation damage in recent years. In this paper, a foam stabilized by partially hydrophobic modified SiO2 nanoparticles and sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) was studied as a fracturing fluid. The properties of SiO2/SDBS foam such as rheology, proppant suspension, filtration, and core damage were investigated. The experimental data showed that the stability and thermal adaptability of sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) foam increased when silica (SiO2) nanoparticles were added. The surface tension of SDBS dispersion almost did not change after SiO2 nanoparticles were added; however, the dilational viscoelasticity of the interface increased, indicating that the SiO2 nanoparticles attached to the interface and formed a stronger viscoelasticity layer to resist the external disturbance. The proppant settling velocity in the SiO2/SDBS foam was found to be 2 orders of magnitude lower th...

Study of Nanoparticle–Surfactant-Stabilized Foam as a Fracturing Fluid

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12182-020-00467-5.pdf

A review of development methods and EOR technologies for carbonate reservoirs

CO2 foam can control the CO2 mobility and improve the sweep efficiency in reservoirs; however, CO2 foam stabilized solely by surfactants is not stable. Nanoparticles can improve the performance of CO2 foam. The synergistic effect of SiO2 nanoparticles and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the CO2 foam stability was studied in this paper. The experimental results show that the synergistic effect requires an SDS/SiO2 concentration ratio of 0.1–0.4. The strength of the effect increases as the SDS/SiO2 concentration ratio increases from 0.1 to 0.17 but then decreases as the ratio further increases from 0.17 to 0.4; thus, a ratio of 0.17 provides the best performance for CO2 foam. The mechanisms of the synergistic effect of SDS and SiO2 include modulating the position of nanoparticle adsorption on the CO2 and liquid interface, improving the interfacial properties of the CO2 foam, and reducing its liquid discharge and coarsening. SiO2 nanoparticles can also improve the CO2 foam performance under high temperatures...

Zhaomin Li

Papers

Utilization of Surfactant-Stabilized Foam for Enhanced Oil Recovery by Adding Nanoparticles

Aqueous foam stabilized by partially hydrophobic nanoparticles in the presence of surfactant

Study of Nanoparticle–Surfactant-Stabilized Foam as a Fracturing Fluid

A review of development methods and EOR technologies for carbonate reservoirs

Experimental Study of the Stabilization of CO2 Foam by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate and Hydrophobic Nanoparticles