Zhenbo Tong

TL;DR: A review of the recent efforts in developing discrete element method (DEM) approaches to model non-spherical particulate systems (NSPS) and strategies of coupling such a nonspherical DEM model with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for particle-fluid flows is presented in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, a coupled computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) technique was adopted to simulate fluid flow and particles, respectively, to investigate powder dispersion mechanisms in pharmaceutical dry powder inhalers.

TL;DR: In this paper, a combined computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) approach is used to investigate powder dispersion in a cyclonic flow at different flow velocities, and the analysis of flow field and agglomerate properties indicates that the dispersion is governed by two competitive interactions, i.e. particle-particle cohesion and particle-wall impact, with the latter related to the air flow or the particle-fluid interaction.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a numerical study of the breakage of loose agglomerates based on the discrete element method and found that the impact energy exerted from the wall indicated that impact energy in both normal and tangential directions should be considered to characterize the effects of impact velocity and angle.

TL;DR: The air inlet size and grid structure of the Aerolizer® were found to impact significantly on the aerosolization of the carrier-based powder.