A state-of-the-art review on thermochemical conversion of biomass for biofuel production: A TG-FTIR approach

Pyrolytic kinetics, reaction mechanisms and products of waste tea via TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS

From the conventional use of biomass in the form of heating to the modern day use of biomass in the form of electricity generation and biofuel production, biomass has always been part of the evolution of mankind Modern day use of biomass is gradually becoming more complex, and engineering played an important role in defining different directions This review provides an overall view of biomass utilization through thermal treatment including combustion, pyrolysis, and gasification Efficient use of biomass with the desired output and minimizing the drawbacks are the core of the research, and marginal focus is being held on developing new techniques The variety of composition and uptake of different elements throughout the lifespan of biomass produces a mixture of results In general, it can be seen that the optimization was observed either in the form of chemical looping combustion to prevent greenhouse gas emission or in upgrading of bio-oil to produce biofuels The significant factor is the reaction co

A Combined Overview of Combustion, Pyrolysis, and Gasification of Biomass

The present study relates to the investigation of degradation of polymers such as HDPE, PP, PS and PET individually and in mixed forms. Eleven different mixture combinations were analyzed via TG Analysis to determine their degradation behavior individually and in mixed forms. FTIR analysis of the raw polymers was performed to investigate the presence of different functional groups in the sample. Online TG-FTIR analysis was performed to investigate the functional groups present in the volatiles fractions during single component pyrolysis and the interaction of polymers during co-pyrolysis was analyzed, compared and reported. Also, a real-world post consumer mixed waste was also analyzed and compared. During the co-pyrolysis of HDPE with PP and PS, the degradation of PP was delayed whereas PS reduced the degradation temperature of HDPE. In the case of degradation of PS with PP and PET, the increase in degradation temperature was reported whereas, in the case of PET and HDPE mixture, the degradation temperature of HDPE was reduced. During the interaction of PP and PET mixed degradation, PET degradation temperature was delayed. During the FTIR analysis a large amount of alkanes, alkenes, aromatics groups were observed during the degradation of HDPE, PP and PS whereas in case of PET the presence of oxygenated groups is observed. During the mixed degradation, the presence of PET in the sample caused the formation of oxygenated groups by reducing the absorption intensity of other groups or by disappearing the groups. Compounds such as benzoic acid, CO and CO2 was detected during the degradation of PET whereas in other polymers a large amount of methane or methylene group is observed. Overall during the degradation of mixed polymer mixture presence of PET played a vital role in the formation of light gas fractions. Even though a numerous investigation on co-pyrolysis of polymers were available, there is still not sufficient information of interaction of polymers with each other, especially with PET. This article attempts to fill this gap.

A TG-FTIR investigation on the co-pyrolysis of the waste HDPE, PP, PS and PET under high heating conditions

Simultaneous syngas and biochar production during heavy metal separation from Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator (Sedum alfredii) by gasification

A study of the thermal degradation of six typical municipal waste components in CO2 and N2 atmospheres using TGA-FTIR

The volatilization of heavy metals during co-combustion of food waste and polyvinyl chloride in air and carbon dioxide/oxygen atmosphere.

This paper experimentally investigated the capture performance of natural and modified limestone for Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn during the wood sawdust combustion in an 80CO2/20O2 atmosphere. The addition dosage of limestone had significant effects on the capture efficiency for Cu and Pb, but no for Cr and Zn based on the two-factor analysis of variance method. The presence of NaCl always lowered the capture efficiency for Pb; whereas for Cu and Zn, the effects of NaCl turned from negative to positive as the temperature increased. Limestone modified with K2CO3 improved the capture performance for Cr and Cu, while limestone modified with Al2(SO4)3 improved the capture performance for all studied heavy metals. The best pretreatment for capturing Cu, Zn, Cr and Pb were modified limestone with Al2(SO4)3 (ion ratio γ=15), Al2(SO4)3 (γ=10), K2CO3 (γ=10) and Al2(SO4)3 (γ=10), respectively. The degree of improvement depended on the specific inorganic salt type and ion ratio. Therefore, choosing a reasonable inorganic modi...

Zhendong Wu

Papers

A study of the thermal degradation of six typical municipal waste components in CO2 and N2 atmospheres using TGA-FTIR

The volatilization of heavy metals during co-combustion of food waste and polyvinyl chloride in air and carbon dioxide/oxygen atmosphere.

Heavy metal control by natural and modified limestone during wood sawdust combustion in a CO2/O2 atmosphere