The aim is to define the key issues ensuring financial security of a country. The studies proposes a technique to calculate a country's quality management index for a financial as a weighted average of the country's overall compliance with key international standards, rules and principles in the sector. The study uses statistical information from the Consultative Group to Assist the Poor, the World Bank Database and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Received: June, 2019 1st Revision: February, 2020 Accepted: May, 2020 Journal of International Studies S ci en ti fi c P a pe rs © Foundation of International Studies, 2020 © CSR, 2020 Journal of International Studies Vol.13, No.2, 2020 330 Development, to study financial security of the population in 142 countries with different levels of economic development. 47 variables, grouped into 10 aggregates, were included in the study: Disclosure of information upon opening a deposit account, Disclosure of information upon opening a credit account, Disclosure of general information, Periodic disclosure upon opening deposit accounts, Periodic disclosure Monitoring, Enforcing, Fair treatment, Recourses, Standards for complaints resolution. Analysis of the results show that the levels of financial security in the studied countries have a wide variation from the minimum to the maximum values. We see that among the countries with high levels of economic development, the leaders are Italy, Canada and Puerto Rico. Transition economies include Venezuela, Argentina and Mexico; among developing countries, we can mention Armenia, Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan.

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Problems of measuring country's financial security

(1) Background: The repercussions of work environments were widely studied before the pandemic. However, there are still many difficulties to be discovered considering the impact generated by it. Thus, this study aimed to analyse the impact of COVID-19 on nursing practice environments and nurses’ job satisfaction. (2) Methods: A correlational study was conducted in a hospital in northern Portugal, with the participation of 416 registered nurses. Data were collected in June 2021 through questionnaires. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. (3) Results: COVID-19 had a favourable impact on the structure component of the practice environments; the process component decreased compared to the pre-pandemic period; the outcome component remained moderately favourable to the quality of care. Nurses were not very satisfied or not at all satisfied with their valuation and remuneration; moderately satisfied with the leadership and staffing; and satisfied with the organisation and resources, co-workers and valuation by patients and families. In more favourable environments, nurses’ job satisfactions were higher. (4) Conclusions: Identifying the dimensions with the best and worst scores allowed the institution’s managers to concentrate efforts on where improvements were needed, thus preparing professional contexts for the recovery of care activities.

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Impact of COVID-19 on the Environments of Professional Nursing Practice and Nurses’ Job Satisfaction

Financial literacy and financial education is a concept that helps people in orientation in both the financial markets and the area of personal finances. Financial literacy can be acknowledged through financial education. Financial education should enable individuals to develop their decision-making competencies. It includes issues such are the understanding of money, how to deal with them within the risk of their investment. The issue of financial literacy for primary and secondary school students has been monitored over a long time through several evaluations. In this case, it is very well known the PISA rating, which was lastly performed in the first half of 2018. It represents the ability of how to use skills and knowledge in managing one’s financial resources while achieving maximum prosperity. Financial education should enable individuals to develop their decision-making competencies related to money. The paper aims to perform a cluster analysis based on the data available from the PISA 2015 measurement in selected OECD countries. The analysis represents results in a cluster of countries. The study analysed of financial literacy 15-year-olds students. The study observed similar research results in both the area of financial literacy and mathematical literacy. From the selected PISA 2015 test results applied through cluster analysis, we decided that the Slovak students were placed in a cluster together with students from Spain, Chile and Lithuania. The study observed the quality of vocational education and training is criticized mainly by employers because the area of education is inadequately responsive to labour market needs. Employee stress that it is inadequately linked to practice. Vocational training is inadequate compared to general schools. The methodology we recommend should also be applied to the results of the PISA 2018 evaluation, which are not yet available to the public. We would like to address this issue in future. The cluster analysis helps to reveal competitiveness in the area of financial literacy. The results of our research within Slovak students were based on a similar level of financial literacy among Slovak pupils as in Spain, Chile and Lithuania.

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Management of Innovations in Finance Education: Cluster Analysis for OECD Countries

For one company to have a competitive advantage and sustainability over others, its human resource management is of the utmost importance to secure competent employees. As job satisfaction plays a critical role in securing excellent manpower and enhancing corporate performance, it is essential to identify factors that would affect employees’ job satisfaction. Recently, writing reviews with integrity on job portal sites by former and current employees has become prevalent as such websites have guaranteed the reviewers’ anonymity. For this reason, we collected a vast amount of review data over nine industries, such as IT web communication, from one of the representative job portal sites in South Korea, Job Planet, and investigated factors that affect one’s job satisfaction based on the two-factor theory. As a result, it was found that (1) both motivation and hygiene factors had a substantial effect on job satisfaction over all industries; (2) the moderating effect between former and current employees was different for each industry; and (3) there was no moderating effect on job satisfaction between motivation and hygiene factors.

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Analyzing Determinants of Job Satisfaction Based on Two-Factor Theory

In this study, the effect of the quality of the animation service to the perceived quality of a resort hotel and, thus, overall customer satisfaction within hotel service departments is addressed comparatively. The perceived quality of animation services (PQAS) has been measured by the behaviour of workers, the sufficiency of service's content, knowledge and experiences of workers, and the factors of the program. Surveys were used by quota sampling to tourists who were in resort hotels in Antalya, Turkey, wherein 1189 usable feedbacks were obtained. The model, which was tested using SmartPLS, was found significant. It has been determined that the PQAS significantly affected the perception of the quality of the hotel even though it is lesser than the perceived quality of other departments. The perception of the quality puts forward a significant amount of overall customer satisfaction. The results were analyzed in customer satisfaction theory and experiential marketing fields.

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Does Animation Services Really Matter

In the 21st century, the rapid technological development in different innovations has not reduced the value of human capital. It is considered to be the most valuable capital of businesses and acts as a driving force of business activity. The perception of human capital should be essential since it has a real impact on the business's success. In human resources management, it is necessary to keep in mind one of the basic functions of management: motivation, planning, and organizing. The main goal of this article is to identify the critical determinants of motivation factors of the human resources capital in the retail sector. An adequately motivated employee is a key to achieving the company goals since employee motivation maintains customer satisfaction and loyalty. Based on the results, the most popular motivation tools proved to be the financial incentives in the form of salary increases or bonuses. In the case of generational differences, there is no difference in the degree of satisfaction with the salary. The employees expressed to be less satisfied with their workplace's communication and leadership style. They have no decision-making power at all. Besides, they do not really feel a sense of belonging somewhere. The members of Generation Z are less satisfied with job security than the representatives of older generations. Most of the retail employees do not find their work interesting or diverse. On the other hand, they think the pace of the work is too fast, but they are well prepared for the work they are doing. Based on the answers, most of the respondents disagree with the inappropriate style of feedback they receive from the managers. The members of Generation Z feel that they cannot adequately utilize their knowledge and skills at their workplaces. They get more criticism than praise than the representatives of older generations.

Employee satisfaction and motivation of retail store employees

The basic goal of the research is to map the financial literacy of generation X and Y in the context of the euro introduction in Slovakia 10 years following the introduction of the single currency. In order to achieve the research objectives we applied primary data collection to obtain information about the researched issue. An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among the respondents. Data collection among the residents was realized with the help of an agent, but also an online questionnaire was provided for the respondents in time interval of 6-20th December, 2018. Basic statistic indicators (crosstabs, distribution, homogeneity of variances and ANOVA) were used to verify our assumptions. The paper presents the results of an empirical analysis which showed differences between the generations X and Y in relation to the financial literacy connected with the context of euro introduction.

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Promotion of Euro Introduction in Slovakia: Financial Literacy of Generation X and Y

The basis of modern company management is the marketing concept, the customer-oriented management and strategic planning, the managerial decisions matching the market opportunities, challenges and the company objectives and opportunities. The marketing research is the input for corporate strategy, while on the other hand elaboration of the marketing strategy is based on the objectives of corporate strategy. The sports developments that started at the beginning of the 20th.century have been of high relevance, but still incomparable to the current measure of development. Generally, the countries of Western-Europe, due to their better economic performance, have achieved a higher level of development far earlier than the post-communist countries. The political and economic change of the 90s in the 20th century, later the EU enlargement opened a range of new economic opportunities also for our region. The sports marketing, similarly to marketing activity in other sectors and fields, has made relevant progress. The obsolete sports facilities were replaced by modern and well-equipped facilities. The customers were offered a wide variety of sports equipment and sports services. The objective of the research is to examine the services and products of a football club in the Slovak Premier League (Fortuna League) in terms of consumerism, as well as to summarize the consumer experience and opinion, emphasizing the marketing aspect. We formulated two hypotheses in this study. Chi-square test of independence was used for testing our hypotheses, by the help of which we examined several variables at the same time – and also the joint distribution of several variables. The results show a significant relationship between the age groups and the consumer habit of the customers at football matches. The outcome of the study also indicates that neither the age nor the distance from the sports event can influence the fans of the football club to attend the sporting event. Our results could be used by Slovak football clubs to make their marketing more precise and more efficient.

Interconnection of Consumer Behaviour of Different Generations and Marketing Strategy of a Football Club – Experience in Slovakia

http://digilib.uhk.cz/bitstream/20.500.12603/752/1/40_2023-01-040_411_424.pdf

The Role of Personal Branding and Self-Marketing in Terms of Looking for a Job in Slovakia and Hungary

The aim of the study is to present the situation of knowledge management at Polish and Slovak companies. The first part contains the introduction. We describe the importance of human knowledge which is one of the main resources in companies’ life. In the theoretical part define the meaning of the knowledge and describe knowledge management. In the next part we describe the objectives of this study and the methods used in our research. Our study is based on secondary data. In the practical part we present the state of Polish and Slovak companies in terms of KM. The last part contains the conclusions. Some similarities can be found between the two countries. Large companies are more engaged in knowledge at some level. The biggest obstacles to KM is that the management and the employees have less time and information about the KM processes. In order to improve in the future, it is worth raising the awareness of companies about the usefulness of KM.

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Zoltán Šeben

Papers

Employee satisfaction and motivation of retail store employees

Promotion of Euro Introduction in Slovakia: Financial Literacy of Generation X and Y

Interconnection of Consumer Behaviour of Different Generations and Marketing Strategy of a Football Club – Experience in Slovakia

The Role of Personal Branding and Self-Marketing in Terms of Looking for a Job in Slovakia and Hungary

Knowledge Management – situation in Poland and Slovakia