Increasing customer demand for durable and functional apparel manufactured in a sustainable manner has created an opportunity for nanomaterials to be integrated into textile substrates. Nanomoieties can induce stain repellence, wrinkle-freeness, static elimination, and electrical conductivity to fibers without compromising their comfort and flexibility. Nanomaterials also offer a wider application potential to create connected garments that can sense and respond to external stimuli via electrical, color, or physiological signals. This review discusses electronic and photonic nanotechnologies that are integrated with textiles and shows their applications in displays, sensing, and drug release within the context of performance, durability, and connectivity. Risk factors including nanotoxicity, nanomaterial release during washing, and environmental impact of nanotextiles based on life cycle assessments have been evaluated. This review also provides an analysis of nanotechnology consolidation in the textiles ...

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Nanotechnology in Textiles

ZnO tetrapod materials for functional applications

In this review paper, the state-of-the-art knowledge of the core–shell multifunctional nanoparticles (MNPs), especially with unique physiochemical properties, is presented. The synthesis methods were summarized from the aspects of both the advantages and the demerits. The core includes the inexpensive and easily oxidized metals and the noble shells include the relatively noble metals, carbon, silica, other oxides, and polymers. The properties including magnetic, optical, anti-corrosion and the surface chemistry of the NPs are thoroughly reviewed. The current status of the applications is reviewed with the detailed examples including the catalysis, giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensing, electromagnetic interface shielding or microwave absorption, biomedical drug delivery, and the environmental remediation.

Multifunctional composite core–shell nanoparticles

[Liu, X. G.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China. Chinese Acad Sci, Int Ctr Mat Phys, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.;Liu, XG (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci, 72 Wenhua Rd, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China;liuxg@imr.ac.cn

Microwave-absorption properties of ZnO-coated iron nanocapsules

In this paper, cagelike ZnO∕SiO2 nanocomposites were prepared and their microwave absorption properties were investigated in detail. Dielectric constants and losses of the pure cagelike ZnO nanostructures were measured in a frequency range of 8.2–12.4GHz. The measured results indicate that the cagelike ZnO nanostructures are low-loss material for microwave absorption in X band. However, the cagelike ZnO∕SiO2 nanocomposites exhibit a relatively strong attenuation to microwave in X band. Such strong absorption is related to the unique geometrical morphology of the cagelike ZnO nanostructures in the composites. The microcurrent network can be produced in the cagelike ZnO nanostructures, which contributes to the conductive loss.

Microwave absorption properties and mechanism of cagelike ZnO∕SiO2 nanocomposites

Studies on the antistatic mechanism of tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whisker☆

Zinc oxide whisker with a tetrapod shape was treated with a coupling agent using an orthogonal design and was mixed into the substrate of natural rubber to obtain the composites. The results of the experimental tests show that the tensile strength of the composites progressively increases with an increased amount of the related whisker. The experiments also indicate that the rubber reinforced by the tetrapod-shaped ZnO whisker is distinct isotropy. The wear tests demonstrate that the composites containing ZnO whisker appear to have good wear-resistance behavior. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1520–1525, 2001

Studies on the strength and wear resistance of tetrapod‐shaped ZnO whisker–reinforced rubber composites

The wear resistance of zinc oxide whisker (ZnOw)/natural rubber-styrene butadiene rubber-butyl rubber (NR-SBR-BR) composites showed that a tetra-needle like ZnOw, which is treated by a coupling agent, improved the wear resistance of the rubber composites. The topography of the worn surfaces of the ZnOw/NR-SBR-BR composites was fractal, and the fractal dimension and abrasion loss decreased synchronously as the ZnOw content increased in the composites. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 667–670, 2003

Zuowan Zhou

Papers

Studies on the antistatic mechanism of tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide whisker☆

Studies on the strength and wear resistance of tetrapod‐shaped ZnO whisker–reinforced rubber composites

Fractal analysis of worn surfaces of ZnO whisker/natural rubber-styrene butadiene rubber-butyl rubber composites