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Showing papers by "Aix-Marseille University published in 1977"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The mechanism of Cs adsorption on GaAs(110) has been investigated by multiple surface techniques set up under ultra high vacuum conditions in this paper, where it was found that Cs grows on the GaAs (110) in layer by layer fashion under incident constant flux.

70 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, 19 trace elements have been determined in the plagioclase and glass separated from the Miocene ignimbrites of NW Sardinia (Italy) and the partition-coefficient values are variable.

23 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 1977
Abstract: 2014 The hypothesis is introduced that the ions impact distribution on a crystal surface is anisotropic, in the case where the crystal is a field emitter tip, and the ions are produced by field electrons collisions with the residual gas. This anisotropy is a result of the fact that nearly all the ions which bombard the tip hemisphere are produced very near the surface, where the electron current is highly anisotropic. The energetical and geometrical distributions of the bombarding ions (as well as absolute ion currents) are determined theoretically on the basis of electron and ion trajectories calculated by Vernickel and Welter. The geometrical ion distribution at the surface should form an image similar to the field electron microscope image. This image should be visualisable by an observation of the bombardment defects in a field emission microscope. Preliminary experiments have been made with a tungsten tip bombarded by hydrogen ions. These experiments as well as an evaluation of known field emission micrographs seems to confirm the anisotropy hypothesis and indicate the existence of the ion impact image. REVUE DE PHYSIQUE APPLIQUÉE TOME 12, OCTOBRE 1977, PAGE Classification Physics Abstracts 61.80J

10 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a general relation for the concentration of growth units in the adsorbed layer has been derived on the basis of Gibbs' formulation of interface thermodynamics, which is identified with Gibbs' interface excess.

10 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Les conditions physiques et chimiques au debouche de l'effluent en mer ne sont pas favorables a l'equilibre des populations phytoplanctoniques, mais elles peuvent l'etre a the degradation des hydrocarbures par les bacteries.

9 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of reflectivity measurements performed by using the synchrotron radiation of A.C.O. (France), on the layer-type transition metal dichalcogenides, at near normal incidence, in the spectral range from 6 eV to 40 eV, and at room temperature, are presented.
Abstract: The results of reflectivity measurements performed by using the synchrotron radiation of A.C.O. (France), on the layer-type transition metal dichalcogenides, at near normal incidence, in the spectral range from 6 eV to 40 eV, and at room temperature, are presented. The compounds studied were TiTe2, ZrSe2, HfSe2, VSe2, NbSe2, TaSe2 and TaS2, MoS2 and MoSe2, NiTe2. The results show the excitation of electronic deep levels of the chalcogens, namely 4s-state of Se and 4d-state of Te, and of the metals: 3p-state of Ti, 4p of Zr, 5p of Hf, 4f of Hf and Ta. The transitions from deep levels can give useful information on conduction bands. In HfSe2, the transitions from 5p-states of Hf give a rough idea of the position of thed conduction bands in this compound. The reflectivity results obtained permitted us to deduce the optical constants by a Kramers-Kronig transformation.

6 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1977
TL;DR: This article devotes its first part to the formalism required for representing processes in the fuzzy system concept and in the second part, a method for calculating a regulation algorithm using a fuzzy model of the process.
Abstract: Since L. A. Zadeh introduced fuzzy-set theory it has allowed a better grasp of certain systems in various fields, for instance, the modelization of process control. For a human observer can often supply subjective information about the evolution, the operation, or the value of certain parameters of a process he is acquainted with; and fuzzy set theory, by formalizing this subjective perception, allows one to achieve a first approach to modelizing the process, or to complete or confirm the results of objective analysis and measurements. In such a research orientation, this article devotes its first part to the formalism required for representing processes in the fuzzy system concept and in the second part, presents a method for calculating a regulation algorithm using a fuzzy model of the process.

3 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed an experiment for use with the synchrotron source at LURE which measured the reflectivityR as a function of the angle of incidence θ of metal samples by means of a precision goniometer.
Abstract: We have developed an experiment for use with the synchrotron source at LURE which measures the reflectivityR as a function of the angle of incidence θ of metal samples by means of a precision goniometer. From the measured values ofR we will obtain the samples’ optical constants and the polarization of the light beam. In this paper we describe the main features of this method and discuss our results on a series of AuCu alloys.

2 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the comportement optique de couches tres minces d'argent (1,0 and 3,5 nm environ d'epaisseur) lorsqu'on les soumet a des cycles thermiques entre 7 and 273 K.

2 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, les grains croissent en conservant leur forme ellipsoidale and leur rapport d'axes. But the theory of David is not proven.

1 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the dielectric constants for the adsorbed layer of graphite were calculated using ellipsometry and the results were compared with volumetric adsorption, LEED and Auger diffusion measurements, and good agreement was obtained with macroscopic ellipsometric theory and Sivukhin's microscopie theory.
Abstract: Xenon's adsorption on the basal face (0001) of graphite, in the monoatornic layer range and more (five) was studied by means of ellipsometry and the results were compared with volumetric adsorption, LEED and Auger diffusion measurements. We have tested several theorical approaches relating the ellipsometric effect to surface coverage. Using two experimentally known quantities, the polarizability of a free xenon atom, and the nearest-neighbour distance Xe-Xe, we have calculated the dielectric constants for the adsorbed layer. Good agreement was obtained, observed and calculated values with macroscopic ellipsometric theory and Sivukhin's microscopie theory (2nd order). 1. Iuîroduction. La technique ellipsométrique très utilisée ces dernières années pour l'étude de films épais déposés sur des surfaces amorphes ou cristalline [l, 21, s'est montrée très bien adaptée pour l'étude de la physisorption et de la chimisorption [3-61. La plupart des travaux de physisorption étudiés par ellipsométrie se situent par suite des systèmes utilisés dans le domaine de la sous-monocouche (O < O < 1). Le système d'adsorption Xelgraphite, étudié en détail et étalonné par Thomy-Duval [7], grâce à la qualité des isothermes d'adsorption et du nombre de marches abruptes élevées, nous a permis de développer l'étude des théories classiques de l'ellipsométrie dans deux domaines : le domaine de la sous monocouche (O < O < 1) et le domaine multicouches atomiques (1 < O < 5). Ce système idéal, caractérisé par une adsorption couche atomique après couche atomique, nous a servi de base pour tester l'ellipsométrie à la fois d'un point de vue qualitatif et d'un point de vue quantitatif dans un large domaine en degré de recouvrement [8]. 2. Résultats expérimentaux. Les isothermes à marches que nous avons obtenues par voie ellipsométrique sont en tout point comparables à celles obtenues par voie volumétrique. La variation de y (Fig. 1) (ellipticité de la vibration réfléchie) en fonction de la pression croissante de Xe dans la cellule de mesure, (*) Laboratoire associé au C. N. R. S. FIG. 1. -Variation 6 y de l'ellipticité de l'onde réfléchie sur (0001) graphite, en fonction du logarithme de la pression partielle du xénon adsorbé ?i 97 K. présente cinq paliers successifs, abrupts à des pressions partielles de xenon (Px,) inférieures à la pression de vapeur saturante (p, = 2,s x IO-' torr) : ces paliers sont caractéristiques de la formation de cinq monocouches atomiques l'une après l'autre. La variation de a (azimuth de la vibration réfléchie) est très faible, de l'ordre de 0,030 pour chaque monocouche. A partir des variations de a et de y, on calcule les variations de A (déphasage entre les deux ondes orthogonales), ainsi que celle de Y (rapport des amplitudes). Le tableau 1 Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1977512 C5-110 G. QUENTEL ET R. =RN donne les valeurs des signaux ellipsométriques 6 A et résulte que l'ellipsométrie est une méthode capable de 6 Y pour les monocouches entières. retrouver les traits caractéristiques des isothermes étaDans le domaine de la première monocouche, nous blies indépendamment par voie volumétrique [7] ou avons enregistré le détail de sa formation pour des par D. E. L. et S. E. A. [9]. On est conduit entre le températures de la surface de graphite comprise entre signal 6 A et le degré de recouvrement à des relations 90 K et 127 K (Fig. 2). La figure donne le déphasage linéaires, qu'il s'agisse du domaine de la sous-monocouche ou du domaine multicouches.