Showing papers by "Al Ain University of Science and Technology published in 2004"
TL;DR: It is indicated that PKC-A differentially affects the delayed--rectifier channel in wild-type and rutabaga neurons, and this study was to compare modulation effects of protein kinase C activator (PKC-A) on the delayed-rectifier potassium current (IKDR).
Abstract: Learning and memory are defective in the Drosophila mutant rutabaga, which has a low intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration. The aim of this study was to compare modulation effects of protein kinase C activator (PKC-A) on the delayed-rectifier potassium current (IKDR) in wild-type and rutabaga neurons. IKDR was measured from cultured (2 days) wild-type and rutabaga neurons. The authors examined the effects of PKC-A on IKDR in wild-type and rutabaga neurons. IKDR was measured from neurons before and after addition of PKC-A to the external solution. IKDR was smaller in rutabaga neurons (380 ± 25 pA) than in wild-type neurons (529 ± 44 pA). IKDR was reduced by PKC-A more in wild-type (↓55 ± 6%) than in rutabaga (↓35 ± 8%) neurons (single-cell studies). In the presence of PKC-A, there was no difference in IKDR between wild-type (229 ± 31 pA) and rutabaga (242 ± 26 pA) neurons (population studies). These results indicate that PKC-A differentially affects the delayed--rectifier channe...
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the institutional framework is as important as the economic factors in explaining the economic and investment outcomes in Algeria, and they discuss the failure of many informal institutions to follow the path of the formal institutions' change, which resulted in poor performance of the reform policies.
Abstract: This Paper argues that the institutional framework is as much important as the economic factors in explaining the economic and investment outcomes in Algeria. Moreover, the paper discusses the failure of many informal institutions to follow the path of the formal institutions' change, which resulted in poor performance of the reform policies. The paper argues that the Algerian authorities have to put more efforts into changing informal constraints if the reform policies are to lead significantly enhanced economic performance.