Institution
Epworth Hospital
Healthcare•Melbourne, Victoria, Australia•
About: Epworth Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 486 authors who have published 656 publications receiving 39706 citations.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Anxiety, Medicine, Health care
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
TL;DR: The development and use of a new scale, the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), is described, which is a simple, self-administered questionnaire which is shown to provide a measurement of the subject's general level of daytime sleepiness.
Abstract: The development and use of a new scale, the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), is described. This is a simple, self-administered questionnaire which is shown to provide a measurement of the subject's general level of daytime sleepiness. One hundred and eighty adults answered the ESS, including 30 normal men and women as controls and 150 patients with a range of sleep disorders. They rated the chances that they would doze off or fall asleep when in eight different situations commonly encountered in daily life. Total ESS scores significantly distinguished normal subjects from patients in various diagnostic groups including obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia. ESS scores were significantly correlated with sleep latency measured during the multiple sleep latency test and during overnight polysomnography. In patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome ESS scores were significantly correlated with the respiratory disturbance index and the minimum SaO2 recorded overnight. ESS scores of patients who simply snored did not differ from controls.
13,788 citations
••
University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria1, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre2, Autonomous University of Barcelona3, Sanford Health4, Tel Aviv University5, University of Turin6, University of California, Los Angeles7, Kansai Medical University8, Epworth Hospital9, University of Sydney10, University of South Florida11, Merck & Co.12
TL;DR: In patients with previously untreated metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC without EGFR or ALK mutations, the addition of pembrolizumab to standard chemotherapy of pemetrexed and a platinum‐based drug resulted in significantly longer overall survival and progression‐free survival than chemotherapy alone.
Abstract: Background First-line therapy for advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that lacks targetable mutations is platinum-based chemotherapy. Among patients with a tumor proportion score for programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) of 50% or greater, pembrolizumab has replaced cytotoxic chemotherapy as the first-line treatment of choice. The addition of pembrolizumab to chemotherapy resulted in significantly higher rates of response and longer progression-free survival than chemotherapy alone in a phase 2 trial. Methods In this double-blind, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned (in a 2:1 ratio) 616 patients with metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC without sensitizing EGFR or ALK mutations who had received no previous treatment for metastatic disease to receive pemetrexed and a platinum-based drug plus either 200 mg of pembrolizumab or placebo every 3 weeks for 4 cycles, followed by pembrolizumab or placebo for up to a total of 35 cycles plus pemetrexed maintenance therapy. Crossover to pembrolizumab monotherapy...
4,102 citations
••
TL;DR: Factor analysis of item scores showed that the ESS had only one factor for 104 medical students and for 150 patients with various sleep disorders, and the questionnaire had a high level of internal consistency as measured by Cronbach's alpha.
Abstract: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is a self-administered eight-item questionnaire that has been proposed as a simple method for measuring daytime sleepiness in adults. This investigation was concerned with the reliability and internal consistency of the ESS. When 87 healthy medical students were tested and retested 5 months later, their paired ESS scores did not change significantly and were highly correlated (r = 0.82). By contrast, ESS scores that were initially high in 54 patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea syndrome returned to more normal levels, as expected, after 3-9 months' treatment with nasal continuous positive airway pressure. The questionnaire had a high level of internal consistency as measured by Cronbach's alpha (0.88). Factor analysis of item scores showed that the ESS had only one factor for 104 medical students and for 150 patients with various sleep disorders. The ESS is a simple and reliable method for measuring persistent daytime sleepiness in adults.
1,927 citations
••
TL;DR: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) as mentioned in this paper is a simple questionnaire measuring the general level of daytime sleepiness, called here the average sleep propensity This is a measure of the probability of falling asleep in a variety of situations.
1,045 citations
••
TL;DR: Three of the most commonly used tests: the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), the maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT) and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) give results that are significantly correlated in a statistical sense, but are not closely related.
Abstract: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is an important symptom that needs to be quantified, but there is confusion over the best way to do this. Three of the most commonly used tests: the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), the maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT) and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) give results that are significantly correlated in a statistical sense, but are not closely related. The purpose of this investigation was to help clarify this problem. Previously published data from several investigations were used to calculate the reference range of normal values for each test, defined by the mean+/-2 SD or by the 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles. The 'rule of thumb' that many people rely on to interpret MSLT results is shown here to be misleading. Previously published results from each test were also available for narcoleptic patients who were drug-free at the time and who by definition had EDS. This enabled the sensitivity and specificity of the three tests to be compared for the first time, in their ability to distinguish the EDS of narcolepsy from the daytime sleepiness of normal subjects. The receiver operator characteristic curves clearly showed that the ESS is the most discriminating test, the MWT is next best and the MSLT the least discriminating test of daytime sleepiness. The MSLT can no longer be considered the gold standard for such tests.
735 citations
Authors
Showing all 491 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
John F. Seymour | 96 | 706 | 40300 |
Declan G. Murphy | 95 | 820 | 37076 |
Paul B. Fitzgerald | 86 | 607 | 29079 |
David M. Hunt | 84 | 448 | 26474 |
Jennie Ponsford | 73 | 393 | 18379 |
Robert I McLachlan | 66 | 327 | 14371 |
Peter Gibbs | 55 | 398 | 17676 |
Alan C. Moss | 54 | 296 | 9974 |
Robert G. Ramsay | 52 | 183 | 7256 |
Alexander G. Heriot | 52 | 311 | 7896 |
James A. Angus | 51 | 246 | 8752 |
Rodney Sinclair | 50 | 333 | 8894 |
Nathan Lawrentschuk | 50 | 538 | 10519 |
Joe J. Tjandra | 47 | 115 | 6742 |
Stephen J. Duffy | 46 | 234 | 8343 |