Showing papers by "Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management published in 2006"
TL;DR: The results indicate a prolonged action in reduction of blood glucose by T. chebula and is probably mediated through enhanced secretion of insulin from the β-cells of Langerhans or through extra pancreatic mechanism.
Abstract: Terminalia chebula (Combretaceae) has been widely used in Ayurveda for the treatment of diabetes. In the present investigation, the chloroform extract of T. chebula seed powder was investigated for its antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats using short term and long term study protocols. The efficacy of the extract was also evaluated for protection of renal functions in diabetic rats. The blood glucose lowering activity of the chloroform extract was determined in streptozotocin-induced (75 mg/kg, i.p.; dissolved in 0.1 M acetate buffer; pH 4.5) diabetic rats, after oral administration at the doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg in short term study. Blood samples were collected from the eye retro-orbital plexus of rats before and also at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 h after drug administration and the samples were analyzed for blood glucose by using glucose-oxidase/peroxidase method using a visible spectrophotometer. In long term study, the extract (300 mg/kg) was administered to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, daily for 8 weeks. Blood glucose was measured at weekly intervals for 4 weeks. Urine samples were collected before the induction of diabetes and at the end of 8 weeks of treatments and analyzed for urinary protein, albumin and creatinine levels. The data was compared statistically using one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Dunnet's t-test. The chloroform extract of T. chebula seeds produced dose-dependent reduction in blood glucose of diabetic rats and comparable with that of standard drug, glibenclamide in short term study. It also produced significant reduction in blood glucose in long term study. Significant renoprotective activity is observed in T. chebula treated rats. The results indicate a prolonged action in reduction of blood glucose by T. chebula and is probably mediated through enhanced secretion of insulin from the β-cells of Langerhans or through extra pancreatic mechanism. The probable mechanism of potent renoprotective actions of T. chebula has to be evaluated. The present studies clearly indicated a significant antidiabetic and renoprotective effects with the chloroform extract of T. chebula and lend support for its traditional usage. Further investigations on identification of the active principles and their mode of action are needed to unravel the molecular mechanisms involved in the observed effects.
211 citations
TL;DR: Butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholine related proteins were found common to both Alzheimer's disease and diabetes; they may play an etiological role via influencing insulin resistance and lipid metabolism.
Abstract: Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus tend to occur together. We sought to identify protein(s) common to both conditions that could suggest a possible unifying pathogenic role. Using human neuronal butyrylcholinesterase (AAH08396.1) as the reference protein we used BLAST Tool for protein to protein comparison in humans. We found three groups of sequences among a series of 12, with an E-value between 0–12, common to both Alzheimer's disease and diabetes: butyrylcholinesterase precursor K allele (NP_000046.1), acetylcholinesterase isoform E4-E6 precursor (NP_000656.1), and apoptosis-related acetylcholinesterase (1B41|A). Butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase related proteins were found common to both Alzheimer's disease and diabetes; they may play an etiological role via influencing insulin resistance and lipid metabolism.
66 citations
TL;DR: In this article, using GIS tools and image processing techniques, the morphological features and water resources of the Meghadrigedda watershed were determined and computed using six sub-watersheds of the watershed.
Abstract: Resourcesat-I data is to provide continuity in operational remote sensing with its enhanced capabilities in the field of land and water resources management. Using GIS tools and image processing techniques are to identify the morphological features and water resources of the Meghadrigedda watershed. The morphometric parameters such as linear aspects and aerial aspects of six sub-watersheds of the watershed were determined and are computed. The drainage pattern is mainly dendritic type. The six sub-watersheds are elongated in shape. The Meghadrigedda reservoir supplies around 8 million gallon/day of water to the needs of Visakhapatnam city for domestic and industrial purpose. Most of the water tanks of the area have been silted and subjected to unauthorized occupations. Twelve recharge pits were located to excavate silted water tanks. To improve the ground water levels, thirteen suitable sites were identified for the construction of check dams in the Meghadrigedda watershed.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an IR and ESR study of CuO substituted for PbO in eutectic lead vanadate glasses of compositions x(CuO)(50−−x)PbO:50V2O5 with x = 0-15 µm, prepared by melt quenching technique has been presented, and it has been shown from X-ray diffraction that these samples are of amorphous nature.
Abstract: IR and ESR studies of CuO substituted for PbO in eutectic lead vanadate glasses of compositions x(CuO)(50 − x)PbO:50V2O5 with x = 0–15 mol%, prepared by melt quenching technique have been presented. It has been shown from X-ray diffraction that these samples are of amorphous nature. According to differential thermal analysis (DTA) studies, up to 10 mol% CuO substitution, the eutectic composition is maintained and it deviates for x = 15 mol% substitution. The structure of these glasses, investigated by means of IR studies show the presence of (VO3)n single chains and VO5 trigonal bipyramids. IR studies indicate that CuO is replacing PbO in the glass system. ESR spectra of CuO substituted samples are characterized by broad peaks probably because of the formation of Cu2+–V4+ exchange pairs. For devitrified CuO substituted samples the ESR spectra show exchange broadened but distinct features corresponding to V4+ and Cu2+entities. The ESR spectral features corresponding to Cu2+ indicate a d 3 z 2 - r 2 ground state, which indicates that Cu2+ probably has a tetragonally compressed co-ordination in lead metavanadate.
26 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the experimental results were analyzed with reference to various theoretical models proposed for dc electrical conduction in amorphous semi-conductors and it was shown that at high-temperatures the temperature dependence of dc conductivity is consistent with Mott's model of phonon-assisted hopping conduction, variable range hopping mechanism and Schnakenberg's model mechanism.
Abstract: Glasses of the system x (ZnO)(50 − x )PbO:50V 2 O 5 were prepared by melt-quench process in the range x = 0–15 mol%. Measurements are reported for dc electrical conductivity as well as thermoelectrical power for the above compositions in the temperature range 27–227 °C. The experimental results are analyzed with reference to various theoretical models proposed for dc electrical conduction in amorphous semi-conductors. The analysis shows that at high-temperatures the temperature dependence of dc conductivity is consistent with Mott's model of phonon-assisted hopping conduction, variable range hopping mechanism and Schnakenberg's model mechanism. The high-temperature thermoelectric power (TEP) was satisfactorily explained by Heikes’ relation and the data also showed evidence of small polaron formation in these glasses. Thermo EMF measurements indicate that all the glass samples including unsubstituted lead metavanadate are n-type at room temperature. As temperature is increased ZnO substituted samples change from n-type to p-type. When Heikes’ formula is applied to all the systems at room temperature the amount of disorder was found to be the same in all the systems. When Emin's formula is used for the estimation of W D , the activation energy due to disorder, in ZnO substituted samples, unusually large values of W D (∼0.6 eV) are obtained. The present results indicate that the Emin's formula cannot be directly used to estimate the disorder energy in ZnO substituted lead vanadates. The temperature dependent change of sign of the thermoelectric power S , in these systems may arise due to change in V 4+ /V 5+ ratio with the change of temperature or due to the onset of band type of conduction as in MnO or other extrinsic compensated semi-conductors.
23 citations
01 Nov 2006
TL;DR: In this article, the role of emulsifier content on the properties of cutting fluid was investigated and an attempt was made to study the role and role of different ingredients of the cutting fluid.
Abstract: The use of cutting fluids has been well recognized for centuries. To cater for the needs of state-of-the-art machining processes, several fluid formulations are available in the present-day market. Of the available fluids, water-soluble fluids occupy a role of prominence. Although the need for cutting fluids has been well emphasized and much explored, the role of the different ingredients of the fluid has not been much investigated. The present work is an attempt to study the role of emulsifier content on the properties of cutting fluid.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the field equations of the second self-creation theory of gravitation were solved for 5D Friedmann-Robertson-Walker space time using perfect fluid energy momentum tensor.
Abstract: The field equations of Barber's (1982) second self-creation theory of gravitation are solved for 5D Friedmann-Robertson-Walker space time using perfect fluid energy momentum tensor. By assuming an equation of state p= e ρ, (0 ≤ e ≤ 1), the solutions of the field equations, in different scenarios, in Barber's second self-creation theory are presented and discussed. Some properties of these models are also discussed.
16 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a correlation is generated by applying regression analysis to the data under subcooled conditions from the literature to determine the critical heat flux in small diameter tubes less than 3 mm at different pressures for a wide range of system parameters.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was observed that while the unsubstituted samples exhibit almost temperature-independent thermoelectric power, the CdO and Ag 2 O substituted samples exhibit temperature-dependent power with marked temperature dependence.
Abstract: Thermoelectric power studies on eutectic lead vanadate glass system in which CdO or Ag 2 O is substituted for PbO upto 15 mol% are reported in the temperature range 300–500 K. It was observed that while the un-substituted samples exhibit almost temperature-independent thermoelectric power, the CdO and Ag 2 O substituted samples exhibit thermoelectric power with marked temperature dependence. The Ag 2 O substituted samples remain n-type with an increase in the magnitude of thermoelectric power while the CdO substituted samples exhibit a change from n- to p-type as the temperature is increased. Application of Emin's formula gives a reasonable estimate of the disorder energy ( W D ) for Ag 2 O substituted samples, while for CdO substituted samples the W D values obtained are supposed to be too large to be acceptable. These observations are discussed in the light of recently reported results on similar systems.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a static vacuum model and a non-static stiff fluid model are presented, and the physical and geometrical properties of the stiff fluid models are studied. But these models are based on a scalar-tensor theory of gravitation proposed by Saez and Ballester (Phys. Lett.113, 1985, 467).
Abstract: Field equations in the presence of a perfect fluid distribution are obtained in a scalar-tensor theory of gravitation proposed by Saez and Ballester (Phys. Lett.113, 1985, 467) with the aid of Einstein–Rosen cylindrically symmetric metric. A static vacuum model and a non-static stiff fluid model are presented. The physical and geometrical properties of the stiff fluid model are studied.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the performance of an evaporator tube operating under high fluxes with water is studied analytically for possible thermal conditions in the pre- and post-burnout regions.
TL;DR: In this article, the experimental results were analyzed with reference to various theoretical models proposed for DC electrical conduction in amorphous semiconductors, and the analysis showed that at high temperatures the temperature dependence of DC conductivity is consistent with Mott's model of phonon-assisted hopping conduction, variable range hopping mechanism and Schnakenberg's model mechanism.
Abstract: Glasses of the system x(CuO)(50-x)PbO:50V2O5 were prepared by melt quenching in the range x=0 mol% to 15 mol%. Measurements are reported for DC electrical conductivity for the above compositions in the temperature range 300–500 K. The experimental results are analyzed with reference to various theoretical models proposed for DC electrical conduction in amorphous semiconductors. The analysis shows that at high temperatures the temperature dependence of DC conductivity is consistent with Mott's model of phonon-assisted hopping conduction, variable range hopping mechanism and Schnakenberg's model mechanism. The high-temperature thermoelectric power was satisfactorily explained by Heikes' relation and the data also showed evidence of small polaron formation in these glasses.