Showing papers by "Mulawarman University published in 1970"

Comparative characterization of macaranga species collected from secondary forests in east kalimantan for biorefinery of unutilized fast growing wood

Abstract: Amirta R, Nafitri SI, Wulandari R, Yuliansyah, Suwinarti W, Candra KP, Watanabe T 2016 Comparative characterization of Macaranga species collected from secondary forests in East Kalimantan for biorefinery of unutilized fast growing wood Biodiversitas 17: 116-123 Wood species for industrial forest plantation has been selected to produce construction wood materials, boards and papers,and unutilized fast growing wood as a source for biofuel production has been out of the scope for selection Macaranga Thouars (Euphorbiaceae) is widely distributed in the tropics and importance of the genus has been recognized due to its high level of growth rateand adaptability to constitute forest ecosystem However, potency of the genus as a source for bioethanol production has not beensystematically studied We herein first report differential properties of six Macaranga wood species collected in East Kalimantan,Indonesia, as a raw feedstock for enzymatic saccharification for bioethanol production Among the wood species examined, the highestsugar yield 486% (weight of original wood basis), which corresponds to 315 mL ethanol/kg biomass, was obtained with 50% NaOH at 160ÂoC for M hypoleuca Significant differences in the sensitivity to alkaline concentration and temperature have been found among the species A high sugar yield, 404% was obtained for M winkleri with a low alkaline concentration, 35% NaOH at 150ÂoC, while M motleyana gave the sugar yield 128% under the same condition M motleyana required a set of the conditions with higher NaOH concentration 50% and temperatures over 160ÂoC The harsh condition with 50% NaOH at 170ÂoC promoted delignification of all the species but M hypoleuca decreased the saccharification yield by raising the temperature from 160ÂoC to 170ÂoC, probably due to decomposition of carbohydrate cores This temperature-dependent negative effect was not observed with 35% NaOH for M hypoleuca These results indicate that differences in the balance between disintegration effects and excess degradation of carbohydrates are different among the species and the variation should be taken into account on screening Thus, we found a wide range of diversity in the susceptibility to alkaline pretreatment in the genus Macaranga and selected the wood species giving high productivity of fermentable sugars

Short Communication: Antibacterial activity of Boesenbergia pandurata, Zingiber zerumbet and Solanum ferox extracts against Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas sp.

Abstract: . Hardi EH, Kusuma IW, Suwinarti W, Agustina, Nugroho RA. 2016. Antibacterial activity of Boesenbergia pandurata, Zingiber zerumbet and Solanum ferox extracts against Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas sp. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 18-21. This study evaluated the potential antibacterial activity of Boesenbergia pandurata, Zingiber zerumbet and Solanum ferox extracts against Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas sp. This paper aims to review the best concentration of the extract B. pandurata, Z. zerumbet and S. ferox to inhibit the growth of bacteria A. hydrophila and Pseudomonas sp. on tilapia in vitro test. The concentrations used range from 100-6000 ppm for B. pandurata and S. ferox, meanwhile for Z. zerumbet extracts ranged from 25-1000 ppm. The best concentration was injected to tilapia by intraperitoneal (0.1 mL/fish) to know in vivo inhibition of extract in fish. The results showed that B. pandurata 600 and 900 ppm, and Z. zerumbet 200 and 2000 ppm revealed potent antibacterial activity against A. hydrophila; while the concentration of S. ferox at 400 and 900 ppm inhibits Pseudomonas sp. growth, whereas concentration of 600, 200, and 900 ppm reduced the bacterial pathogen in fish body.

Pemodelan Indeks Pembangunan Kesehatan Masyarakat Kabupaten/Kota di Pulau Kalimantan Menggunakan Pendekatan Regresi Probit

Abstract: The Public Health Development Index (PHDI) is a composite indicator that describes the progress of health development and is useful for ranking provinces and districts/cities in achieving successful community health development. In addition, the PHDIM can also be used to determine regional priorities that require assistance in improving health development. Based on the publication of the PHDI ranking by the Health Research and Development Agency of the Ministry of Health in 2013, the PHDI ranking for 55 districts/cities in Kalimantan Island varied greatly. So it needs to be studied, examined the factors that influence it. The purpose of this study was to examine the modeling of the factors that influence the PHDI of districts/cities in Kalimantan Island in 2013 using the probit regression approach. The results of this study indicate that the factors that significantly influence the PHDI of districts/cities in Kalimantan Island in 2013 are the human development index and the labor force participation rate.

Anther culture of local upland rice varieties from East Kalimantan: effect of panicle cold pre-treatment and putrescine enriched medium

Abstract: Nurhasanah, Pratama AN, Sunaryo W. 2016. Anther culture of local upland rice varieties from East Kalimantan: effect ofpanicle cold pre-treatment and putrescine enriched medium. Biodiversitas 17: 148-153. Anther culture has been evaluated as aneffective method for homozygous plant production which is very important for the hybrid breeding program in rice. Low number ofgreen plantlets is a main obstacle in the application of this technique. Culture conditions increasing anther culture efficiency can beapplied to solve this problem especially for low regeneration frequency. This study aimed to investigate the effect of panicle cold pretreatment and the addition of putrescine into culture medium to theanther culturability of local upland rice varieties originated from East Kalimantan. Two cold pretreatment times, 8 and 10 days, at 4°C and anther culture medium with and without putrescine were examined in this research. The result showed that cold incubation time effect was a genotype-dependent in influencing the ability of rice microspores to develop into callus and green plantlet regeneration. The longer cold incubation time, 10 days, resulted in the highest number of callus, plantlet as well as green plantlets in Serai Gunung cultivar but the opposite result was found in Geragai cultivar. The effect of putrescine addition in the culture medium was also observed as a genotyped-dependent. It can either increase number of calli, plantlets and green plantlets or decrease them on a specific genotype.

Species diversity of cerambycid beetles at reclamation area of coal mining in Berau District, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract: Sugiarto, Boer C, Mardji D. 2016. Species diversity of cerambycid beetles at reclamation area of coal mining in Berau District, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 200-207. Longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) are amongst the most popular beetle families and hence lots of research has been carried out on the family. However, the presence of this beetle in the reclamation area of PT Berau Coal has not been investigated yet. PT Berau Coal is a coal company that has long been operated. In the former mining areas have been planted with reclamation plants. The study was carried out to determine the cerambycid beetle species diversity in three sites of the reclamation area, mainly Lati (L), Sambarata (S) and Binungan (B). This is the first report of cerambycid beetles diversity at areclamation area of PT Berau Coal. This study reveals a total of 16, 19 and 22 species with 100, 140 and 192 individuals respectively. Calculation with Simpson’s diversity index (1-D) resulted in highly index of biodiversity, namely 0.90, 0.89 and 0.89 respectively. These highly index of diversity is likely due to varied types of vegetation and distance from natural forest to study sites is relatively close. There were seven species respectively dominant at Lati and Sambarata reclamation areas, while at Binungan were six species.Simpson’s evenness index of Lati was the highest, followed by Sambarata and Binungan, that were 0.64, 0.53 and 0.41, respectively. This differences might be influenced by the ability of each beetle species to move to other habitats. Jaccard’s similarity indices at the three sites were relatively same; they were L with S = 0.45, L with B = 0.46 and S with B = 0.46. The similarity index reflects similar environmental conditions of the three study sites. From the viewpoint of nature conservation, it is concluded that post-mining areas canplay a key role in the conservation of beetle diversity since they are as new habitat for beetles species whose original habitats are now in critical condition due to human impact. An important task for future management of post-mining areas is to maintain successional processes and to prevent loss of habitat diversity through revegetation.