Showing papers by "Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre published in 1971"
TL;DR: It is suggested that this degenerative arthritis produced consistently in adult rabbits by the injection of the proteolytic plant enzyme papain is sufficiently similar to human osteoarthritis to be useful as a model for further studies of the pathogenesis of the disease and the effects of different methods of treatment.
Abstract: 1. Degenerative arthritis has been produced consistently in adult rabbits by the injection of the proteolytic plant enzyme papain into the hip joint. Arthritic changes were recognisable radiographically after six weeks. 2. A progression of changes occurred, from loss of acid mucopolysaccharide staining in the matrix, fibrillation, fissuring and erosion of articular cartilage with death of chondrocytes in the weight-bearing areas, to secondary bony changes of subchondral sclerosis, occasional cysts and osteophyte formation. 3. Synovial inflammation occurred with accumulation of cartilage and bone debris in the inferior capsule and later capsular thickening. 4. It is suggested that this arthritis is sufficiently similar to human osteoarthritis to be useful as a model for further studies of the pathogenesis of the disease and the effects of different methods of treatment.
87 citations
TL;DR: These results are consistent with the theory that PTH and TCT provoke changes in osteogenic cell activity by regulation of calcium transport across cellular and subcellular membranes.
Abstract: The effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and thyrocalcitonin (TCT) on the cell membrane potential and cell metabolic activity were measured in osteoclasts. Parathyroid hormone rapidly depolarized the cells and, over a longer period, increased the rate of RNA synthesis. Thyrocalcitonin polarized the cells and inhibited the effect of PTH on RNA synthesis. These results are consistent with the theory that PTH and TCT provoke changes in osteogenic cell activity by regulation of calcium transport across cellular and subcellular membranes. (Endocrinology 88: 1021, 1971)
47 citations
TL;DR: Perthes' disease and avascular necrosis of the head of the femur are different conditions with different characteristics, and suggestions are made as to the nature of the disease in relation to absorption, continued growth and reossification.
Abstract: 1. Perthes' disease is an ischaemic lesion of the ossific nucleus of the head of the femur which may vary both in extent and degree. It is probably never quite complete.
2. When part of the ossific nucleus only is affected, as is usually the case, it is almost invariably the antero-lateral part.
3. The process of absorption of the damaged bone is complete radiologically before there is radiological evidence of reossification.
4. Reossification always occurs in Perthes' disease.
5. The aim of treatment must be to see that the mould in which the head is shaped is the right shape when ossification occurs.
6. The deformity of the head of the femur does not occur from pressure alone, but from pressure combined with subluxation. Full unrestricted weight-bearing can be allowed with safety on a femoral head in which there are ischaemic changes provided the femoral head is well contained.
7. The time of treatment can be very greatly reduced by using operation to correct the subluxation instead of relying on external splintage. This can be achieved by subtrochanteric osteotomy with rotation, or rotation combined with varus angulation.
8. Perthes' disease and avascular necrosis of the head of the femur are different conditions with different characteristics.
9. Suggestions are made as to the nature of the disease in relation to absorption, continued growth and reossification.
44 citations
TL;DR: The results show that it feasible to study the polymeric collagen of normal and diseased human skin from medium sized biopsies, and the responses to depolymerisation treatments of the threepolymeric collagen samples extracted are cross-correlated.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the femoral head should be spherical and not subluxated laterally, and there should be some joint space visible on the radiographs, and the essential part of the procedure is section of femoral shaft in the intertrochanteric area with displacement of not more than 30 percent and without excessive obliquity.
8 citations
TL;DR: During the past twenty years, there has been a definite and logical swing away from undue reliance on passive and palliative physical treatments and the rationale of this swing has been supported by recent clinical trials.
Abstract: During the past twenty years, there has been a definite and logical swing away from undue reliance on passive and palliative physical treatments. The rationale of this swing has been supported by recent clinical trials. And yet physical medicine has by no means rid itself of these forms of treatment. Because of the widening spectrum of patient pathology seen in the average department of physical medicine today a large section of patients present with chronic disability and apparently insuperable problems. Many of the physically disabled have derived from the increasing ability of medicine to treat acute disability and keep patients alive without curing them. Many of these patients demand that their doctors do something, or at least supply something. For such patients, the provision of aids and appliances, coupled with palliative physiotherapy, constitutes the modern placebo for chronic physical disability.
6 citations
2 citations
TL;DR: The historical background of femoral osteotomy is reviewed, and 100 patients are discussed who, between them, had 104 intertrochanteric osteotomies fixed by the blade‐plate fixation method of Müller‐Harris, with compression.
Abstract: The historical background of femoral osteotomy is reviewed, and 100 patients are discussed who, between them, had 104 intertrochanteric osteotomies fixed by the blade‐plate fixation method of Müller‐Harris, with compression. Most of these patients suffered primary degenerative arthritis, and all were followed for longer than one year.
1 citations