Showing papers by "Saint Anselm College published in 1995"
TL;DR: This article is an integrative review of the extensive research conducted by a variety of researchers in health-related disciplines during the last seven decades that serves as the basis for a clinical practice protocol.
96 citations
TL;DR: This study has confirmed the existence of two GP cell types with distinct extracellular waveforms and different responses to dopamine receptor stimulation, which may necessitate a reevaluation of general theoretical models of basal ganglia function in order to account for these opposite effects of dopamine receptors stimulation on pallidal output.
Abstract: Extracellular single-unit recording techniques were used to examine the rat globus pallidus (GP). In both locally anesthetized, paralyzed rats and ketamine-anesthetized rats, we observed two distinct biphasic extracellular waveforms, which we have labeled Type I (negative/positive waveform) and Type II (positive/negative waveform). No significant differences were observed in the firing pattern or number of cells per track between these cell types, although the Type II neurons had a faster mean firing rate in the locally anesthetized animals. A portion of both cell types could be antidromically activated from the subthalamic nucleus, although Type II neurons had significantly slower conduction velocities. The most striking pharmacological difference between the two cell types was that Type I GP neurons were inhibited by systemic administration of the dopamine agonist apomorphine; previous studies have repeatedly shown that Type II. GP cells are excited by this treatment. Pretreatment with a subthreshold dose of apomorphine reduced the responsiveness of Type I cells to a subsequent high dose of apomorphine, as has been shown for Type II cells. However, pretreatment with the NMDA antagonist dizocilpine (MK 801) produced a significant change in the pattern of response to apomorphine for Type II GP neurons only. Relative to observations in locally anesthetized, paralyzed rats, ketamine anesthesia reduced the firing rate of both cell types, but did not significantly alter their direction of response to apomorphine. Thus, this study has confirmed the existence of two GP cell types with distinct extracellular waveforms and different responses to dopamine receptor stimulation. These data may necessitate a reevaluation of general theoretical models of basal ganglia function in order to account for these opposite effects of dopamine receptor stimulation on pallidal output. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.1
68 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an energy function for C 2 knots is defined and shown to be scale invariant, self-intersecting, and scale-invariant, with a relatively simple definition and pseudo-physical interpretation.
61 citations
TL;DR: Le pari pascalien is one of the arguments les plus interessants de la philosophie de la religion as mentioned in this paper, i.e., it fonde la foi et l'existence de Dieu sur des bases prudentes et avantageuses.
Abstract: Le pari pascalien est un des arguments les plus interessants de la philosophie de la religion. Il fonde la foi et l'existence de Dieu sur des bases prudentes et avantageuses. Envisager le pari comme un probleme de decision risquee revient a une lecture profonde de l'argument. L'A. s'attache ensuite aux objections formulees a l'egard du pari. Il montre alors comment ces objections peuvent etre resolues. Enfin, il adresse lui-meme une critique au pari de Pascal qui, si elle n'est pas prise en compte, ne permet plus d'utiliser le pari comme outil apologetique
6 citations
TL;DR: In this article, national identity and the emergence of the sports movement in late Imperial Russia are discussed. But the authors do not consider the role of women in the sport movement in the early 1990s.
Abstract: (1993). National identity and the emergence of the sports movement in late Imperial Russia. History of European Ideas: Vol. 16, No. 4-6, pp. 871-876.
4 citations