Showing papers by "Saint Francis University published in 1984"

Effect of cortisol on periosteal and nonperiosteal collagen and DNA synthesis in cultured rat calvariae.

Abstract: The effects of cortisol on bone formation are complex and may be modulated by the presence of periosteal cells or by factors released by the periosteal tissue. To test these possibilities, cortisol was examined for its effects on the incorporation of3H-proline into collagenase-digestible protein (CDP) and noncollagen protein (NCP), on DNA synthesis and on alkaline phosphatase activity in intact and in the periosteum and nonperiosteal bone of dissected calvariae from 21-day-old fetal rats. After 24 h of treatment, cortisol increased the incorporation of3H-proline into CDP in intact bones and in the nonperiosteal bone of calvariae dissected after the culture. Cortisol inhibited the incorporation of3H-thymidine into calvarial DNA but it caused a small increase in nonperiosteal DNA content. Cortisol did not affect the incorporation of3H-proline into CDP in calvariae dissected prior to the culture if the periosteum and nonperiosteal central bone were incubated separately; the stimulatory effect was observed only if the two tissues were cultured in the same vial and were in contact. In contrast, cortisol stimulated alkaline phosphatase activity in the central nonperiosteal bone of calvariae dissected before or after the culture. After 72–96 h of treatment, cortisol inhibited the labeling of CDP, NCP, and DNA and the DNA content in intact bones and in both periosteal and nonperiosteal central bone of calvariae dissected after the culture. In contrast, when the periosteum was removed before the incubation, these inhibitory effects were observed in the periosteum and not in the nonperiosteal bone. Cortisol inhibited alkaline phosphatase activity in intact bones treated for 96 h, but removal of the periosteum resulted in a stimulatory effect in the nonperiosteal central bone. These studies indicate that 24 h treatment with cortisol stimulates collagen synthesis in nonperiosteal bone, an effect that requires the presence of periosteal tissue. Exposure to cortisol for 72–96 h inhibits collagen, noncollagen protein, and DNA synthesis, an effect that is secondary to an inhibition of periosteal cell replication. Cortisol does not cause a direct inhibition of osteoblastic function.

Aminoglutethimide-induced bone marrow injury. Report of a case and review of the literature.

Abstract: A patient with advanced breast cancer who died of septicemia associated with aminoglutethimide induced agranulocytosis, is reported. Aminoglutethimide is effective and widely used in the treatment of metastatic adenocarcinoma of breast. Thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, or pancytopenia have been reported as complications of therapy in 1.6% of 1345 patients treated in recently published clinical trials employing aminoglutethimide; and this may underestimate the true incidence of this drug side effect. Implications for clinical research and clinical practice are discussed.

Diagnosis of spontaneous perforation of the gallbladder by Tc-99m DISIDA.

Abstract: A case of spontaneous rupture of the gallbladder correctly diagnosed preoperatively using Tc-99m DISIDA cholescintigraphy is presented.

Tumors Arising From Injection of Cultured Murine Placental Cells Into Normal Animals: Direct Evidence for Placental Origin of Tumors of Two Histologic Types

Abstract: Long-term culture of placentas obtained from the mating of a congenic C3H male mouse carrying a unique electrophoretic variant of the X-chromosome-linked enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK-1) and a normal C3H female mouse has resulted in cell lines that have apparently undergone spontaneous malignant transformation in vitro. When injected into normal syngeneic animals, these cell lines have given rise to invasive carcinomas of two distinct histologic types, an adenocarcinoma and a poorly differentiated carcinoma. Both were demonstrated to be of placental origin by the continued presence of the allozyme coded on the paternal X-chromosome. Compared to murine tumors of other etiologies, these cell lines were characterized by a high intracellular alkaline phosphatase concentration.

Effect of cartilage-derived factor on DNA and protein synthesis in cultured rat calvariae.

Abstract: Cartilage-derived factor (CDF), a peptide closely related to the somatomedins, was studied for its effects on bone formation by examining the synthesis of DNA, collagen, and noncollagen protein in 24–96 h cultures of 21-day fetal rat calvariae. After 24 h of treatment, CDF at concentrations of 0.3–30 µg/ml caused a dose-dependent stimulation of the incorporation of3H-thymidine into DNA by 12–59%. The effect appeared and was maximal after 12 h, and was sustained for 96 h. CDF also increased the bone DNA content by 30–60%. After 24 h of treatment, CDF at 10–30 µg/ml had a small stimulatory effect on the incorporation of3H-proline into collagenase-digestible protein (CDP) and noncollagen protein (NCP). The effect on the labeling of CDP and NCP was sustained for 96 h. Cortisol decreased the stimulatory effect of CDF on DNA labeling but cortisol and CDF had an additive effect on the incorporation of3H-proline into CDP. The CDF stimulatory effect on the labeling of DNA, CDP, and NCP was seen in both the periosteum and periosteum-free calvaria. These studies indicate that CDF stimulates bone DNA, collagen, and noncollagen protein synthesisin vitro and may be a local regulator of bone growth.

Hepatobiliary imaging in gallstone ileus.

Abstract: Hepatobiliary imaging was performed in a woman who, at subsequent surgery, was found to have gallstone ileus due to a large gallstone obstructing the proximal jejunum. The triad of findings (failure of the radiopharmaceutical to pass beyond the point of obstruction, marked reflux into the stomach, and nonvisualization of the gallbladder) is nonspecific but, in the appropriate clinical setting, should suggest the possibility of gallstone ileus.