Showing papers by "Swedish National Defence College published in 2018"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose that effective interorganizational collaboration is a pivotal ingredient of any community or nation's capacity to prepare for and bounce back from disruptive crisis events, and that the booming research field is a promising area of research.
Abstract: Effective interorganizational collaboration is a pivotal ingredient of any community or nation’s capacity to prepare for and bounce back from disruptive crisis events. The booming research ...
73 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, climate change, globalization, urbanization, social isolation, and increased interconnectedness between physical, human, and technological systems pose major challenges to disaster risk reduction(DR...
Abstract: Climate change, globalization, urbanization, social isolation, and increased interconnectednessbetween physical, human, and technological systems pose major challenges to disaster risk reduction(DR ...
48 citations
TL;DR: The EU has been characterized as a normative power whose greatest asset is to be able to shape conceptions of what is "normal" in international affairs as mentioned in this paper, and scholars have argued that a normative p...
Abstract: Scholars have characterized the EU as a normative power whose greatest asset is to be able to shape conceptions of what is ‘normal’ in international affairs. Scholars have argued that a normative p ...
34 citations
TL;DR: Two analytical dimensions are suggested that help to develop the analytical potential of frame analysis in policy analysis and beyond: the institutionalization process of frames which can capture the struggle of meaning within policy processes and also distinguish between the varying influences of different frames over space and time.
Abstract: Frame analysis has been developed and applied across contexts in several disciplines such as policy analysis, where the perspective has proven fruitful to carve out essential differences in the construction of meaning and to understand the responsiveness of the strategic use of ideas. However, this article argues in line with other scholars that the analytical potential of frame analysis is not fully utilized in most empirical studies. The article addresses two points of critique raised against frame analytical perspectives: the limited view of the framing process and the limited understanding of frame effects. We suggest two analytical dimensions that help to develop the analytical potential of frame analysis in policy analysis and beyond: firstly, the institutionalization process of frames which can capture the struggle of meaning within policy processes and also distinguish between the varying influences of different frames over space and time. Secondly, the extension of frame effects that thro...
27 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the recent debate on military cohesion for organized violence is a distraction from the importance of cohesion for armed groups or organizations specialized and engaged in organized violence.
Abstract: It is difficult to underestimate the importance of cohesion for armed groups or organizations specialized and engaged in organized violence. This article argues that the recent debate on military c...
23 citations
01 Jan 2018
TL;DR: In this paper, a new form of war, hybrid war, under the inclusion of aspects of cyber-terrorism and cyber-war was discussed, with the backdrop of Russia's "Ukrainian Spring" and the continuing threat of cyber attacks.
Abstract: This article discusses a new form of war, ‘Hybrid War’, under inclusion of aspects of ‘cyber-terrorism’ and ‘cyber-war’ before the backdrop of Russia’s ‘Ukrainian Spring’ and the continuing threat ...
20 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors address why the US in its military operations tends to focus on only one dimension in war -the military narrowly understood, and explain why this is the case.
Abstract: This article addresses why the US in its military operations tends to focus on only one dimension in war – the military narrowly understood. More precisely, in the US case, its armed forces tend to...
18 citations
TL;DR: The use of human enhancement technologies by the military, for instance in the spheres of biotechnology, cybernetics and prosthetics, raise a number of questions under the international legal frameworks governing military technology, namely the law of armed conflict and human rights law as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Advances in technologies that could endow humans with physical or mental abilities that go beyond the statistically normal level of functioning are occurring at an incredible pace. The use of these human enhancement technologies by the military, for instance in the spheres of biotechnology, cybernetics and prosthetics, raise a number of questions under the international legal frameworks governing military technology, namely the law of armed conflict and human rights law. The article examines these frameworks with a focus on weapons law, the law pertaining to the detention of and by ‘enhanced individuals’, the human rights of those individuals and their individual responsibility for the actions that they take while under the influence of enhancements.
16 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a general history of the intellectual origins and development of geopolitical thought is presented, and categories for assessing contemporary expressions of this phenomenon are provided, and a general framework for assessing them.
Abstract: This article outlines a general history of the intellectual origins and development of geopolitical thought. It provides categories for assessing contemporary expressions of this phenomenon, and th ...
15 citations
TL;DR: This paper argued that the politics of contemporary Western warfare finds an important reference point in discourses on military design, and argued that military design has become a trending topic in the 2010s.
Abstract: This article argues that the politics of contemporary Western warfare finds an important reference point in discourses on military design. In the 2010s, military design has become a trending topic ...
15 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyze U.S. defense planning, and more specifically the public administration of the third offset strategy, and find that the U. S. defense bureaucracy is rooted in a tradition of rational planning.
Abstract: This article analyzes U.S. defense planning, and more specifically the public administration of the third offset strategy. The U.S. defense bureaucracy is rooted in a tradition of rational planning ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the Swedish Armed Forces (SAF) recruitment is one of the main challenges in the Swedish military and recruiting more women into the Swedish armed forces is the main challenge.
Abstract: Recruitment is one of the Swedish Armed Forces’ (SAF) main challenges today. Recruiting more women into the organization is one of the organization’s aims, as well as providing them with more oppor ...
TL;DR: In this article, a framework for assessing the effectiveness of air power during military operations in humanitarian intervention (HI) and R2P and applies it to the air campaigns in Kosovo (Operation Allied Force) and Libya (Operation Unified Protector).
Abstract: It would be hard to overstate the importance of air power in humanitarian intervention (HI) and the Responsibility to Protect (R2P). Yet, the role of air power in HI and R2P has been understudied. This article seeks to remedy the lack of systematic investigation. It does so by developing a framework for assessing the effectiveness of air power during military operations in HI and R2P and applies it to NATO’s air campaigns in Kosovo (Operation Allied Force) and Libya (Operation Unified Protector). Upon examination NATO is revealed to have fared better in Libya than Kosovo in positively accomplishing its stated humanitarian objectives, minimizing collateral damage and reducing the costs for the interveners, all of which are aspects considered by the model. The relative effectiveness of Operations Unified Protector is generally attributed to geography, diplomacy and technology. It is argued that better ground support, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and burden sharing are needed to enhance the utilit...
TL;DR: This Armed Forces & Society forum concentrates on broadening the perspective on military cohesion as mentioned in this paper, and argues for the need to widen the perspective of military cohesion in the Armed Forces and Society forum.
Abstract: This Armed Forces & Society forum concentrates on broadening the perspective on military cohesion. This introduction, and the five articles that it acts as a preamble to, argues for the need to wid...
TL;DR: The question for the European security community is whether today's confrontation between the EU member states and Russia is the end of its spread to the Baltic Sea region, including Russian di... as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: One key question for the European security community is whether today’s confrontation between the EU member states and Russia is the end of its spread to the Baltic Sea region, including Russian di ...
TL;DR: It is proposed that IO autonomy in crisis situations also depends on the framing of an issue in terms on impartiality, on the extent to which the IO in question is subject to politicisation, as well as on the degree to which it possesses specific technical expertise.
Abstract: This article seeks to bridge the gap between the literature on international organisations (IO) and the field of crisis management (CM) by focusing on two themes: how crisis conditions lead organisations to centralise decision-making and how this subsequently affects an international organisation's autonomy. We do this based on two dimensions inspired by the CM literature, that is, the degree of the perceived time pressure and the precrisis legal institutional framework. The plausibility of the analytical framework is assessed on the basis of three cases: the WHO's dealing with the SARS crisis; the European Commission's dealing with the Mad Cow Disease crisis; and the UN's handling of the humanitarian crisis in the Great Lakes region. The results show that the perceived time pressure affected IO autonomy in so far as higher time pressure that rendered IO autonomy stronger, whereas with regard to the institutional framework no stringent pattern could be seen. Moreover, based on our findings, we propose that IO autonomy in crisis situations also depends on the framing of an issue in terms on impartiality, on the extent to which the IO in question is subject to politicisation, as well as on the degree to which it possesses specific technical expertise.
TL;DR: An analysis of whether or not disasters contribute to intra-national and international conflict and an evaluation of the conceptual and theoretical contributions of each subject area provides useful heuristics for the development of disaster-conflict scholarship and encourages alternative modes of knowledge production through interdisciplinarity.
Abstract: International relations and disaster studies have much to gain by thinking critically about their respective theoretical and epistemological assumptions. Yet, few studies to date have sought to assess the potential value of linking these two disciplines. This paper begins to address this shortfall by examining the relationship between disasters and conflict as a research sphere that intersects international relations and disaster studies. Through an analysis of whether or not disasters contribute to intra-national and international conflict, this paper not only provides a review of the state of the art, but also serves to invite scholars to reflect on related concepts from other fields to strengthen their own approaches to the study of disasters in an international setting. An evaluation of the conceptual and theoretical contributions of each subject area provides useful heuristics for the development of disaster-conflict scholarship and encourages alternative modes of knowledge production through interdisciplinarity.
Book•
14 Aug 2018TL;DR: Using primary sources from four Nordic countries, this volume explores how small states have adjusted their military strategies in response to external shock.
Abstract: Using primary sources from four Nordic countries, (Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden), this volume explores how small states have adjusted their military strategies in response to external shock ...
TL;DR: The distinction between civil association and enterprise association has inspired international society theorists to conceive of international society as not just a "purposive a... as mentioned in this paper, but also as an "enterprise association".
Abstract: Michael Oakeshott’s distinction between ‘civil association’ and ‘enterprise association’ has inspired international society theorists to conceive of international society as not just a ‘purposive a ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors outline the possible geopolitical consequences of climate change in the Baltic Sea Region and present a framework that understand geopolitics as a dynamic rat-race. But they do not consider the impact of climate changes on individual countries.
Abstract: This article outlines the possible geopolitical consequences of climate change in the Baltic Sea Region. In order to do so it also presents a framework that understands geopolitics as a dynamic rat...
23 May 2018
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a study on how societal change processes such as globalization, professionalization and social and technical acceleration have challenged military organizations and the aims of this study were to gain a...
Abstract: Numerous societal change processes such as globalization, professionalization and social and technical acceleration have challenged military organizations. The aims of this study were to (1) gain a ...
TL;DR: In this article, the key challenge graduate students face is how to come up with a good rationale for their theses, and the methods literature in and beyond political science does not provide any good rationale.
Abstract: One of the key challenges graduate students face is how to come up with a good rationale for their theses. Unfortunately, the methods literature in and beyond political science does not provide muc ...
TL;DR: Two categories of ethical questions surrounding military autonomous systems are discussed in this paper, and the first concern concerns ethical issues regarding the use of military autonomous system in the field of cyber security.
Abstract: Two categories of ethical questions surrounding military autonomous systems are discussed in this article. The first category concerns ethical issues regarding the use of military autonomous system...
TL;DR: The results largely supported the model concepts and their assumed relationships and showed that long-term positive reactions covaried with much use of the coping strategies Emotional distancing and Constructive emotional confrontation and a perception of a well-functioning Formal social support.
Abstract: Many health care professionals have to make morally difficult decisions during acute, stressful situations. The aim was to explore the applicability of an existing qualitatively developed model of ...
02 Jan 2018
TL;DR: The global diffusion and reification of resilience has become an increasingly common feature in global development and humanitarian disco... as mentioned in this paper, where resilience is defined as the innate acceptance of vulnerability and suffering.
Abstract: The global diffusion and reification of resilience – as the innate acceptance of vulnerability and suffering – has become an increasingly common feature in global development and humanitarian disco ...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors address the changing security environment in the Baltic Sea region and review the patterns of cooperation and conflict since the end of the Cold War, starting from the start of the 1990s.
Abstract: This article addresses the changing security environment in the Baltic Sea region and reviews the patterns of cooperation and conflict since the end of the Cold War. The exploration starts from the...
TL;DR: The classical realist writings of E.H. Carr and constructivist publications of Alexander Wendt are extraordinarily influential. While they have provoked a great number of reactions within the disc...
Abstract: The classical realist writings of E.H. Carr and constructivist publications of Alexander Wendt are extraordinarily influential. While they have provoked a great number of reactions within the disci ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors decide whether the military capabilities of others are for defensive or of malign intent, and whether the opposition is benign or malign is central to the security dilemma.
Abstract: Determining whether the opposition is benign or malign is central to the security dilemma. In this context, states have to decide whether the military capabilities of others are for defensive or of ...
TL;DR: An experiment conducted with a real EA model and corresponding real traditional documents, investigating whether the model or the documents lead to better and faster understanding, finds that the model seems to lead tobetter, though not faster, understanding.
Abstract: Enterprise architecture (EA) has been established as a discipline to cope with the complex interactions of business operations and technology. Models, i.e., formal descriptions in terms of diagrams and views, are at the heart of the approach. Though it is widely thought that such architecture models can contribute to improved understanding and decision making, this proposition has not rigorously been tested. This article describes an experiment conducted with a real EA model and corresponding real traditional documents, investigating whether the model or the documents lead to better and faster understanding. Understanding is interesting to study, as it is a prerequisite to other EA uses. The subjects (
$$N=98$$
) were officer cadets, and the experiment was carried out using a comprehensive description of military Close Air Support capability either (1) in the form of a MODAF model or (2) in the form of traditional documents. Based on the results, the model seems to lead to better, though not faster, understanding.
TL;DR: The geographical location of the Baltic Sea region between the Russian heartland and the Atlantic Ocean has shaped developments in this part of Europe for at least a millennium as mentioned in this paper, and the traditional nar...
Abstract: The geopolitical location of the Baltic Sea region between the Russian heartland and the Atlantic Ocean has shaped developments in this part of Europe for at least a millennium. The traditional nar ...