Showing papers by "Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies published in 1978"
TL;DR: It is concluded that the in vitro assay suggested that certain food dyes were carcinogens and that in vivo studies in hamsters supported this interpretation.
Abstract: Eight food dyes or commercial color mixtures certified for use in the United States were tested for their ability to transform in vitro a serial line of Fischer rat embryo cells previously reported to be a sensitive indicator of chemicals having carcinogenic potential. Malignant cell transformation was induced by a commercial mixture (G2024) of two of these dyes (Blue 1 and Yellow 5) and by Blue 2, Green 3 (one of two experiments) and Red 4. Food dyes Blue 1, Red 3, Yellow 5 and Yellow 6 did not induce cell transformation. One to 1.5 mg of each dye was injected into suckling LVG or Graffi hamsters which were monitored for tumor induction and/or death over a 330-day period. None of the non-transforming dyes (Blue 1, Red 3, Yellow 5, Yellow 6) or Green 3 induced a significant increase in tumor (mostly lymphoma) incidence or animal mortality. Three of the transforming dyes (Blue 2, Green 2024, Red 4) did increase tumor incidence and/or mortality in at least one strain of hamster. We conclude the the in vitro assay suggested that certain food dyes were carcinogens and that in vivo studies in hamsters supported this interpretation.
58 citations
TL;DR: Three chlorinated hydrocarbons were tested for in vitro transforming potential in a Fischer rat embryo cell system (F1706) and all were found to induce transformation, the three substitutes being equal or more efficient transforming agents.
Abstract: Three chlorinated hydrocarbons, proposed or already in use as industrial subsitutes for the hydrocarbon trichloroethylene, were tested for in vitro transforming potential in a Fischer rat embryo cell system (F1706), which previously has been shown to be sensitive to transformation by chemical carcinogens. Trichloroethylene and the three substitutes (1,1,1 trichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene and methylene chloride) all were found to induce transformation, the three substitutes being equal or more efficient transforming agents.
43 citations
3 citations
Patent•
28 Dec 1978TL;DR: A reagent system for assaying a biological specimen for a peptidase enzyme comprising a peptide substrate in which the C-terminal amino acid is dehydroalanine, the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase, the reduced coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and a buffer material is described in this paper.
Abstract: A reagent system for assaying a biological specimen for a peptidase enzyme comprising a peptide substrate in which the C-terminal amino acid is dehydroalanine, the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase, the reduced coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and a buffer material.
3 citations
TL;DR: Ritalin, Benzedrine, and Dexedrine were examined for oncogenicity using a serial line of Fischer rat embryo cells, which was previously shown to be a sensitive and accurate indicator of chemicals carcinogenic for rodents.
3 citations
TL;DR: It is reported that at the concentrations tested, ara-A was not a transforming agent, and protected the cells from transformation induced by the known carcinogen, 3-methylcholan-threne.
Abstract: SummaryThe cancer chemotherapeutic and antiviral agent 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A) was examined for potential oncogenicity, using a serial line of Fischer rat embryo cells, which was previously shown to be a sensitive and accurate indicator of chemicals carcinogenic for rodents. We report here that at the concentrations tested, ara-A was not a transforming agent. Further, ara-A protected the cells from transformation induced by the known carcinogen, 3-methylcholan-threne.
1 citations