Showing papers by "Universidad del Norte, Colombia published in 2002"

An inexpensive intervention for the control of larval Aedes aegypti assessed by an improved method of surveillance and analysis.

Abstract: A sampling method coupled with statistical calibration factors was developed to accurately assess the numbers of larvae and pupae of Aedes aegypti in large water-storage containers of variable capacities and water levels. Aedes aegypti productivity in different types of breeding sites found in an urban study area in central Colombia was assessed and compared. In this study, water-storage tanks and drums were found to comprise 79% of the containers positive for larval Ae. aegypti, which contributed to 93 and 92% of the total production of populations of 4th-stage larvae and pupae, respectively. These main breeding sites of Ae. aegypti were found at an indoor to outdoor ratio of 2.4:1 and no correlation was found between temporal fluctuation of populations of larval Ae. aegypti and monthly rainfall. Netted lids that used inexpensive local materials were designed to prevent oviposition by Ae. aegypti. During a 6-month trial period, 56% of inspected containers had netted lids correctly in place. Of these, 78% had no mosquito larvae. Because only 37% of uncovered containers were free of mosquito larvae, a significant difference was demonstrated when these inexpensive mechanical barriers were used (chi2 = 138.7; P < 0.001). These netted lids and the improved methods described to assess the productivity of larval and pupal Ae. aegypti in this study are now being used in combination with other strategies to assess and control these populations of dengue virus vectors in the main port city on the Atlantic Coast of Colombia.

La matriz extracelular: El ecosistema de la célula

Abstract: The main extracellular constitutes a macromolecules group, located on the outside of the cells that on the whole will form the ecosystem where the cell will carry out its vital functions: multiplication, preservation, biochemical processes and indispensable physiopathologics for the survival of the vital fabrics of the alive organisms and the survival of the different species These molecules are synthesized by the same cell or they come from the bloodstream They are four the macromolecules committed in their formation: System collagen, elastic system, glicosaminoglicanos and glicoproteinas of adhesion

Real-time sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction amplification of HLA class II alleles: A novel approach to analyze microchimerism

Abstract: The careful assessment of microchimerism is essential to investigate the effects of donor bone marrow-derived cells in transplantation. We have developed a protocol to assess microchimerism based on the HLA mismatch between the recipient and the donor. Our approach combines real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with sequence-specific primer PCR (SSP-PCR) to selectively amplify and measure the abundance of donor HLA alleles in DNA samples extracted from the recipient after transplant. To optimize and validate the reliability of this method at different levels of microchimerism, we tested serial dilutions of donor DNA into recipient DNA. We demonstrate that donor alleles can be readily detected and reliably measured at concentrations as low as 0.1%. This method is simple and rapid and could find practical application in the assessment of microchimerism in patients receiving organ or cellular transplants in conjunction with donor bone marrow cells infusion.

Las representaciones del padecer en ancianos con enfermedades crónicas. Un estudio en la Ciudad de México

Abstract: To examine the principle sociocultural characteristics of the illness experience in a group of senior citizens diagnosed with hypertension, diabetes, and arthritis, a total of 50 subjects over 60 years old were selected to answer an open-ended questionnaire. Using intentional non-probabilistic sampling, 25% of the sample were randomly selected, and semi-structured interviews were conducted. All individuals in the study are covered by social security institutions and receive medical care at a clinic located in southeastern Mexico City. Explanations for antecedents, causes, symptoms, and treatment of the illness relate to the individual social context. Although these seniors provided folk explanations for the causes of their illnesses, they treat themselves with a combination of biomedical and herbal resources. The authors conclude that it is necessary to analyze how the elderly live with chronic illness in order to propose effective measures to improve their quality of life and provision of health care services.

Estudio de la variación en la conductividad térmica de la cascarilla de arroz aglomerada con fibras vegetales

Abstract: Ante la necesidad de desarrollar alternativas tecnologicas que permitan la utilizacion de elementos desechados en procesos productivos para aprovechar su potencial y contribuir a la disminucion del impacto ambiental que puedan generar por una inadecuada disposicion, surge la oportunidad de aprovechar productos vegetales de desecho que permitan innovar en el area de los materiales de ingenieria, campo en el cual la cascarilla de arroz se perfila como un aislante termico de alta efectividad, competitividad y de facil obtencion, lo cual contribuye al reemplazo de productos derivados del petroleo. Este estudio se propone desarrollar nuevos materiales para aislamientos termicos a partir de cascarilla de arroz y fibras vegetales, para lo cual se han realizado pruebas segun la norma ASTM C-177, para la cuantificacion de su capacidad conductiva de calor, lo cual ha puesto en evidencia su potencial aislante.

Financiación de la gestión ambiental en Colombia. El caso de las tasas

Abstract: Resumen en: The environmental retributive and compensatory rates constitutea gateway to the conflict which is normally presented betweeneconomics and environment. Th...

Cuerpo extraño en esófago Causal de fístula traqueo-esofágica

Abstract: Resumen Los ninos generalmente menores de 5 anos en su afan de explorar el mundo tienden a ingerir cuerpos extranos que se alojan en el esofago, habitualmente por debajo del musculo cricofaringeo. Esto llega a producir toda una clinica de obstruccion esofagica, lo cual genera a su vez diferentes consecuencias clinico-patologicas. Se reporta el caso de un paciente masculino de 2 anos con cuadro de dificultad respiratoria severa, con antecedente de ingestion de cuerpo extrano, a quien se le diagnostico fistula traqueo-esofagica adquirida. Se revisa el tema, la clinica y la tendencia terapeutica actual. Aunque es una entidad comun, es importante realizar un diagnostico oportuno, ya que del enfoque terapeutico que se le de dependera el pronostico y la calidad de vida del paciente. Palabras clave: Fistula traqueo-esofagica, cuerpo extrano, neumonia quimica. Abstract Children younger than 5 years old, trying to explore the world, tend to swallow foreign bodies that stay in the esophagus, usually under the cricopharingeal muscle. This produces a set of syntoms and signs of esophageal obstruction, generating different clinical and pathological consequences. A case of a 2- year-old male patient with severe respiratory distress with history of ingestion of a foreign body is reported. The patient receives a diagnosis of tracheo-esophageal fistula. The topic, signs and symptoms and therapeutically approach of tracheo-esophageal fistula is reviewed. Although this is a common pathology, it is important to make a promptly diagnosis because, the patient’s prognosis and quality of life will depend of that. Key words: Tracheo-esophageal fistula, Foreign bodies, chemical pneumonia.

People's concepts on diarrhea and dehydration in Nicaragua: the difficulty of the intercultural dialogue

Abstract: OBJECTIVES: to analyse people's concepts and health seeking behavior relating to diarrhea and dehydration and its implications to improve health services practice. METHODS: individual and group interviews were conducted in two municipalities in the North of Nicaragua, with mothers, other community members, traditional healers and basic health personnel. A household interview survey in a random sample of 1.924 families with under-fives was carried out in three departments. RESULTS: people can easily identify diarrhea, as a disease in itself or as a symptom of several folk diseases. The popular construction of the causes of diarrhea is complex, with a mixture of folk concepts and modern medical concepts which influence preventive and health seeking behavior. Health personnel often believe in these popular concepts. Dehydration is a new term and concept introduced by the health education campaigns and often mistaken for the term malnutrition. Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is seen as an ineffective drug against diarrhea. The inadequate use of pharmaceuticals is widespread and in most cases they have been prescribed by doctors. CONCLUSIONS: these results show the co-existence of popular and medical concepts, the latter with different interpretations. There is a need for a change in the communication between health services and population, based on an alternative analysis of people's knowledge and behavior.

Una aproximación al significado biológico del polimorfismo del Complejo Mayor de Histocompatibilidad. El modelo de la asociación HLA y ARJ

Abstract: Resumen Objetivos. Llevar a cabo una actualizacion del estado del arte acerca del significado biologico del polimorfismo del sistema genetico Complejo Mayor de Histocompatibilidad (CMH). Revisar la literatura relacionada con la asociacion de los antigenos de histocompatibilidad en el humano (HLA ) y la susceptibilidad o resistencia al desarrollo de la artritis reumatoidea juvenil (ARJ). Presentar un modelo hipotetico para la comprension de la susceptibilidad genetica a desarrollar ARJ. Fuente de datos. Las referencia bibliograficas que soportan este articulo se obtuvieron a traves de busquedas en las siguientes bases de datos: Pubmed, Ovid, Ebsco. Inicialmente se encontraron 139 articulos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 75. Se incluyo tambien informacion del desarrollo de un proyecto de investigacion de nuestro grupo, «Polimorfismo molecular de los antigenos HLA en ARJ» (cod. Colciencias 1215-04-280-96). Resultados. L artritis reumatoidea juvenil (ARJ) es la enfermedad mas comun en la practica reumatologica pediatrica y la menos estudiada inmunogeneticamente. A diferencia de la artritis reumatoide (AR) del adulto, la ARJ tiene ciertas variantes clinicas, lo que la hace mas interesante desde el punto de vista genetico (fenotipos). En su etiopatogenia se han identificado varios factores que en su conjunto explicarian el inicio y la perpetuacion de la respuesta inflamatoria que afecta las articulaciones y tejidos vecinos, y que de no ser controlados llegan a destruirlos, tal como sucede en otras enfermedades autoinmunes. La patogenesis de la enfermedad puede determinarse por alteraciones a nivel de complejo trimolecular, constituido por un antigeno putativo, el receptor de linfocitos T y el Complejo Mayor de Histocompatibilidad (CMH). Nuestro grupo durante los ultimos 4 anos ha estado estudiando la asociacion entre ARJ y el polimorfismo de los alelos HLA DRB1* y DQB1* en ninos mestizos de nuestro pais. Los resultados son congruentes con otros hallazgos descritos en la literatura por diferentes grupos de investigadores. En la serie de pacientes estudiados por nosotros se encontro que los alelos HLA DRB1* 1104, HLA*0701 y HLA*1602 estan asociados a la susceptibilidad de desarrollar ARJ, ademas nuestros datos muestran que los alelos HLA DRB1* 1501 y HLA DQB1* 0602 estan claramente asociados con proteccion. Es importante resaltar que todos los alelos asociados a susceptibilidad comparten el aminoacido Asp en la posicion 70, y aquellos que se muestran como marcadores de proteccion contienen Val en la misma posicion. Conclusion. La informacion obtenida de la literatura y los hallazgos encontrados en nuestra serie de pacientes colombianos son relevantes e importantes, dado que desde el punto de vista molecular, a nivel de la presentacion antigenica, el aminoacido en la posicion 70 en el motivo 67 a la 73, a nivel de la molecula HLA podria activar celulas TH1 o TH2, las cuales estarian comprometidas en la inmunopatologia de esta entidad. Otros factores geneticos y/o ambientales en asocio con estas caracteristicas moleculares, expresadas a nivel de la molecula HLA, comprometida en la presentacion antigenica, podrian interactuar y su resultado estaria influenciando el desarrollo y la expresion de la ARJ. Palabras clave: Complejo Mayor de Histocompatiblilidad (CMH), artritis reumatoide juvenil, HLA y ARJ. Abstract Objectives. To carry out an updating of the state of the art about the biological meaning of genetic system polymorphism Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC). To review the literature related to the association of histocompatibility antigens in humans (HLA) and the susceptibility or resistance to the development of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA). To present a hypothetical model to understand the genetic susceptibility to develop JRA. Data source. The bibliographic references supporting this paper were obtained through searching in the following data base: Pubmed, Ovid, Ebsco. Initially, 139 articles were found, from which 75 were selected . Information about the development of a research of our group, «Molecular polymorphism of HLA and JRA antigens» was also included. (Colciencias code No 1215-04-280-96). Results. Juvenile rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) is the most common disease in pediatric rheumatologic practice as well as the one with less immunogenetic studies. Contrary to the adult rheumatoid arthritis (RA), JRA has certain clinical variants which make it more interesting from the genetic point of view (phenotypes). In its pathogenesis several factors have been identified, which as a whole would explain the onset and the perpetuation of the inflammatory response affecting joints and nearby tissue as well as its imminent destruction given no control of it as is the case in other autoimmune diseases. The disease pathogenesis can be determined by alterations at the trimolecular level formed by a putative antigen: lymphocyte T receptor and the Major Histocampatibility Complex (MHC). During the last four years our group has been studying the link between JRA and the HLA DRB1* and DQB1* alleles in mestizo children of our country. Results are congruent with the findings described in the literature by different investigation groups. In the series of patients studied, we have found that the alleles HLA DRB1* 1104, HLA*0701 and HLA*1602 are linked to the susceptibility of developing JRA. Our data also show that the alleles HLA DRB1* 1501 y HLA DQB1* 0602 are clearly linked to protection. It is important to highlight that all the alleles linked to susceptibility share the Asp amino acid in position 70, and those shown as protection markers have Val in the same position. Conclusion. The information obtained from the literature and the findings in our series of Colombian patients are relevant and important because from the molecular point of view, at an antigenic presentation level, the amino acid in position 70 in the motif 67 to 73, at HLA molecule level, could activate TH1 or TH2 cells, which would be compromised in the immunopathology of this entity. Other genetic or/and environmental factors linked to these molecular characteristics expressed at the level of the HLA molecule and compromised in the antigenic response could interact and its result would be influencing the development and the expression of JRA. Key words: Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA).

Minimización del tiempo total de flujo de tareas en una sola máquina: Estado del arte

Abstract: La programacion de operaciones en una sola maquina es un problema clasico de la investigacion de operaciones. Numerosos metodos han sido propuestos para resolver diferentes instancias del problema, dependiendo de las restricciones impuestas y del objetivo del mismo. En este articulo estamos interesados en ilustrar el estado actual de desarrollo de los metodos y algoritmos existentes en la literatura para el problema de minimizacion del flujo total de tareas sujetas a fechas de llegadas, tanto en problemas estaticos como dinamicos. Ademas, las posibilidades de trabajo y las preguntas abiertas seran igualmente expuestas.

Instalación y configuración de Apache,un servidor Web gratis

Abstract: The Apache Web Server has became in the most used web server in the world, because of its features and performance; besides it is free, which contribute to its fast expansion and positioning. The web server configuration is not a problem for the people who has a media level knowledge about Linux Operating System; however, to confront the server configuration without a guide or based on the information from the web about a dark language, this task would be complicated and sometimes intimidatory. The purpose of this article is to help to the people, who want to configure a HTTP server, to reach their objective, in a fast and simple way,

Los derechos adquiridos frente a la función administrativa

Abstract: La proteccion a los derechos adquiridos constituye una garantia constitucional frente al ejercicio del poder unilateral de la autoridad administrativa; sin embargo, como todo derecho, se imponen limites resultado de la aplicacion del principio de buena fe cuando el particular rompe la confianza legitima que sustenta el principio de presuncion de legalidad de los actos administrativos y cuando por disposicion legal entren en juego los altos intereses generales, como ocurre en materia ambiental. Abstract Protection of acquired rights constitutes a constitutional security before the practice of the unilateral power of the administrative authority. Nevertheless, as any right, limits are imposed as a result of applying the principle of honesty when the individual breaks the legitimate confidence supporting the principle of assumption of legality of administrative acts and when by legal disposition high general interests are involved as it occurs in the environmental matter.

Reflexiones acerca de los procesos de paz en Colombia: el marco jurídico y otras consideraciones

Abstract: Existe un cambio de lenguaje entre la Constitucion de 1886 y la de 1991; la primera, con amplias referencias a la guerra, y la segunda, con la invocacion reiterada de la paz como valor, principio y derecho de 3a generacion, garantizable mediante las acciones populares. En la ultima decada en Colombia, los procesos de paz con grupos subversivos han sido manejados por el ejecutivo mediante facultades obtenidas por via de declaratoria de los estados de excepcion o mediante facultades de caracter transitorio recibidas del Congreso, en las cuales ha predominado el estilo presidencial, el cual ha oscilado entre la vocacion militarista y la democratica. Abstract There is a change in language between 1886 and 1991 Constitutions. The former widely refers to war and the alter reiteratively invokes peace as a value, principle and third generation right, which is guaranteed through popular actions. In the last decade, in Colombia, peace processes with subversive groups have been managed by the executive through faculties obtained via declaratory of the exception states or through faculties transitory in character given by the Congress. In all of them, the presidential style has predominated. This style has been oscillating between the military and the democratic vocation.

Conocimientos y actitudes de los estudiantes de medicina de instituciones de educación superior de Barranquillla sobre donación y trasplante de órganos. Julio-noviembre de 1999

Abstract: Resumen Con el objetivo de identificar las actitudes y evaluar el conocimiento sobre donacion y trasplante de organosserealizoesteestudiodescriptivotransversalenlapoblaciondeestudiantesdemedicinade tres instituciones de educacion superior de Barranquilla (Norte, Libre y San Martin) tomando una muestra aleatoria de 993 participantes. La informacion se obtuvo mediante unas encuestas autodiligenciadas. La poblacion de estudiantes encuestados presento una media de 25 anos y desviacion estandar de 11.82 anos. La razon de estudiantes por nivel (basico-clinico) fue de 1.0:1. y larazondemasculinidadfuede1,1:1.Conrespectoalconocimientoteoricoenlapoblacionencuestada, seencontrounafrecuenciamodal derespuestasenelrangoderegularde69.8%yenelrangobueno de 19.7%. Al comparar el conocimiento con la institucion educativa se encontro una diferencia significativaafavorde laUniversidadLibre,dondeelconocimientopositivocorrespondioal25.2%, con un chi cuadrado de 23.23 y un valor de p=0.0007, para 6 grados de libertad. Al comparar el conocimiento teorico entre los estudiantes del area basica con los del area clinica, estos ultimos presentaron un mejor conocimiento (OR= 0.38 ICal 95% 0.27-0.53), con un chi cuadrado de 35.08 y p=0.0000. Con relacion al marco legal, existe desconocimiento sobre las leyes que regulan la donacionytrasplantedeorganos,ysepresentounindicededesconocimientode15:1.Lagranmayoria de los estudiantes encuestados desconoce la existencia del programa de donacion y trasplante de organos en Barranquilla (89.5%). Con respecto a la manera de obtener informacion sobre esta tematica,el53.6%manifiestoquelahaadquiridoatravesdemediosmasivosdecomunicacion,20.4% ha acudido a simposios o cursos sobre esta tematica y el 12.7% ha consultado libros o revistas especializadassobreestetema. Los autores consideran ampliar la catedra sobre donacion y trasplante de organos en los programas de salud de las instituciones educativas y mantener actualizados a los estudiantes a traves de educacioncontinuadasobreestatematicatantoaestudiantesdelareadelasaludydeotrosprogramas academicos. Palabrasclave :Donacion,trasplante,actitudes,conocimientos,encuesta. Abstract Theaimofthisstudywastodeterminetheattitudesandtoevaluatetheknowledgeofmedicalstudents of three (3) Universities (Norte, libre and san Martin) of Barranquilla, Colombia in relation to the donation and transplantation of organs. A cross-sectional study was designed in which a representative stratified random sample was selected of993participants.Thesourceofinformationwasastructuredquestionnaire.Thequestionnairewas adapted from Blanca, Frutos and Rosel with 29 questions, divided in three sections. The first section: personal achievemnt (6 items); the second section: evaluation of the knowledge on donation and transplants by means of questions of multiple selection (11 items); and third section: it evaluates the attitudes with scale type likert (12 items). The study was performed with the consent of the university centers. The ratio os students by level (basic-clinical) was of 1.0:1. With respect to the theoretical knowledge, 69,8% of the modal frequency were found to have a ranking of mediocre and 19,7% were found to belong in the good rank. When this level of knowledge was compared with that of the educative institution there was a significant difference in favor of the Libre University in wich the positive knowledge corresponds to the 25,2% (p=0,0007 for 6 dgrees of freedom). When comparing the theoreticalbetweenthestudentsoftheclinicalareawiththoseof basic(OR=0,38ICto95%o,27-0,53). With relation to the legal frame, a 15:1 index of ignorance exists on the laws that regulate the donation and transplant of organs. 895% of the participants do not know the existence of the program for the donation and transplantation of organs in Barranquilla. With respect to the manner of obtaining information on this theme, 53,6% was obtained by massive means of communication, 2-,4% in symposiums or courses and 12,7% from books por medical journals. Theauthorsrecommendrevisingandamplifyintheexistingmaterialinhealthprogrmasofeducational institutions involving the donation and transplantation of organs. Furthermore, we recommend keepingthestudentsintheareaofthehealthandotheracademicprogramsupdatethroughcontinued education on this theme. Key words: Donation, transplants, attitudes, knowledge, surveys.

Glomerulonefritis rápidamente progresiva

Abstract: Resumen Es una entidad que se caracteriza por la presencia de «medias lunas» o «con crecientes», expresiones que identifican un sindrome que se manifiesta clinicamente por nefritis activa y perdida rapida y progresiva, en dias o meses, de la funcionalidad renal, por lo cual generalmente requiere terapia sustitutiva (hemodialisis). El pronostico de esta enfermedad es ominoso. Este caso trata de una mujer joven cuya primera manifestacion clinica fue la presencia de artralgias simetricas generalizadas. Palabras clave: Glomerulonefritis rapidamente progresiva, nefritis lupica, tratamiento. Abstract It is an entity that you characterizes for the presence of «stockings moons» or «with growing», expressions that identify a syndrome that is manifested clinically by quick and progressive active and lost nefritis, in days or months of the functionality, arriving to the necessity of substitute therapy (hemodialisis). The presage of this illness is ominous. This case is about a young woman whose first clinical manifestation was the presence of widespread symmetrical artralgias. Key words: Quickly progressive glomerulonefritis, nefritis lupica, treatment.

Estudio fitoquímico de hojas y flores de Senna bicapsularis (L) Roxburgh var. bicapsularis

Abstract: El estudio fitoquimico de las hojas y flores de Senna bicapsularis dio como resultado el aislamiento de un flavonoide (luteolina), un alcohol (eicosanol) y una mezcla de los esteroles (estigmasterol y dehidroestigmasterol).

Chemical Equilibrium of Butane Combustion in a Perfectly Stirred Reactor: Thermodynamic – Mathematical Model

Abstract: Based on classic thermo chemistry, energy balance and the introduction of chemical equilibrium, a mathematical and thermodynamic model was developed for the combustion of butane in a perfectly stirred reactor (PSR). In order to obtain this model, it was necessary to take into account certain variables that have a strong effect on combustion such as adiabatic flame temperature, equivalence ratio, equilibrium composition, reactor pressure and the incoming temperature of the reactants (ITR). By using the mathematical model it was possible to obtain graphic solutions for adiabatic flame temperature, equilibrium composition of the different species vs equivalence ratio, composition changes as a function of pressure ratio and the ITR. The mathematical model gave reasonable results, showing values that match with those obtained using complex models. This shows that it is possible to achieve a very simple model for butane combustion by using the basic principles, and what is more important, the results present a high degree of accuracy.Copyright © 2002 by ASME

Análisis de rendimiento y pruebas de configuración de transmisiones de datos multipunto bajo árboles Dense-Mode y Sparse-Mode

Abstract: Este articulo pretende dar a conocer el comportamiento de seis protocolos de enrutamiento multicast en la transmision de paquetes de voz y video. Para esto nos basamos en una topologia real como lo es el MBONE, con anchos de banda, tamanos de buffers, tamanos de paquetes, retardos y otras variables que son utilizadas en la Internet.

Diseño de sistemas de fangos activados para la eliminación biológica de nutrientes

Abstract: Jose Manga Certain*, Universidad del Norte. Colombia. Doctor en Ingenieria de la Contaminacion Medioambiental (Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Espana). Ingeniero Civil (Universidad del Norte, Colombia). Docente-Investigador en la Universidad del Norte. Director del Grupo de Investigacion en Tecnologias del Agua (Universidad del Norte). Miembro de la IWA. Jose Ferrer Universidad Politecnica de Valencia. Espana. Aurora Seco Universitat de Valencia. Espana.

Sincronización en UTRA-TDD para un receptor ubicado en el área de frontera

Abstract: This paper describes the synchronization procedure executed by an UMTS user’s equipment (UE). This work studies the specific location in the coverage area where the UE is most likely to be served by three base stations (BS). In this scenario, the identification of the best serving BS becomes a difficult task due to intercell interference and the user’s mobility. It was required to define the “boundary area” in terms of the received signal strength for the mobile. Next, several procedures were implemented in order to assure an acceptable quality for the acquisition process. Performance evaluation was done, achieving an effective improvement in both the probability of detection and the outage area of the system.

Metodología mixta de selección de materiales aplicada en la escogencia del material para un dedo de pinza de sujeción de un manipulador industrial

Abstract: El diseno mecanico implica muchas fases, siendo una de las mas importantes la seleccion de un material optimo para lograr un alto rendimiento en el componente disenado. Para mejorar la fase de seleccion del material se han desarrollado muchas herramientas avanzadas. Actualmente se pueden encontrar programas que contienen extensas bases de datos con las principales propiedades del material, tales como el Cambridge Material Selector. Sin embargo, hay algunas propiedades que no tienen suficiente documentacion en estos programas. Por ejemplo, existen limitaciones para obtener los valores de propiedades como la resistencia a la fluencia en compresion. Para estos eventos seria muy importante investigar sobre nuevas metodologias de seleccion, que pueden estar referenciadas en otras, para ejecutar una fase de seleccion de materiales eficiente y rapida.En este trabajo se desarrolla una metodologia mixta de seleccion de materiales. Basandose en una combinacion del metodo de seleccion de materiales Ashby y del calculo experimental de propiedades mecanicas para soportar la escogencia, se presentan los resultados del proceso de seleccion aplicado a un dedo de una pinza de sujecion de un manipulador industrial.