Showing papers by "Universidade de Pernambuco published in 2023"
01 Jan 2023
TL;DR: In this article , the authors modeled the interaction networks of four memetic swarm-based algorithms and analyzed them using several metrics, such as convergence, stagnation, and balance between exploitation and exploration.
Abstract: Memetic algorithms have become popular partly due to their high performance in multidimensional and non-differentiable problems and their high exploitation capability due to the implementation of local search algorithms helping the population-based algorithms. They were used to solve several theoretical and practical optimization problems. Despite this, there is still a need to study further these algorithms’ behavior and what makes an algorithm successful in different problems. In this paper, we modeled the interaction networks of four memetic swarm-based algorithms. The interaction networks can capture all the communication between the individuals of the algorithm throughout its execution. These networks are analyzed using several metrics. We successfully demonstrated that the applied methodology could not only show the difference between standard swarm algorithms and memetic algorithms, as already demonstrated in the literature. We can also identify unique characteristics of each memetic variety of the same algorithm. It allows a better understanding of the behavior of convergence, stagnation, and the balance between exploitation and exploration in their various stages of execution.
TL;DR: In this article , advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) was used to preserve the alveolar ridge and tissue gain in reconstructive and jaw graft surgery, which increased bone density, vital bone, epithelial healing, and control of postoperative pain and swelling after tooth extraction and in the treatment of alveoral osteitis.
Abstract: This systematic review answered the guiding question using the PICO system: “What are the effects of advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) on alveolar ridge preservation and tissue gain in reconstructive and jaw graft surgery?” Searches were performed in the PubMed|MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and LILACS|bvs databases. In total, 573 articles were found in the initial search, and 564 were evaluated after the removal of duplicates, of which 5 randomized controlled trials met the eligibility criteria and were included 2 studies investigated the effect of A-PRF on the preservation of the bone ridge, 1 study evaluated the tissue repair after tooth extraction with A-PRF, 1 evaluated the peri-implant gap filling with A-PRF-xenograft mixture, and other the A-PRF on the treatment of alveolar osteitis. Advanced-PRF preparation protocol varied between the included studies from 8 to 13 minutes of centrifugation, at 1300 RPM (200g). The use of A-PRF provided greater dimensions of height and more favorable maintenance of the ridge profile, probing depth, and gingival margin level after extraction. Advanced-PRF also increased bone density, vital bone, epithelial healing, and control of postoperative pain and swelling after tooth extraction and in the treatment of alveolar osteitis.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors report two clinical cases of the use of current technologies for the treatment of orbital fractures using computed tomography and biomodel impression of the orbits were performed.
Abstract: The present work aims to report 2 clinical cases of the use of current technologies for the treatment of orbital fractures. The cases are of patients who were victims of car accidents and who developed a blow-out orbital fracture. Clinically, they presented periorbital ecchymosis, blepharoedema, enophthalmos, and ophthalmoplegia and, therefore, underwent surgical reconstructive treatment. For both cases, preoperative computed tomography and biomodel impression of the orbits were performed. The modeling of the titanium mesh covering the defect in the biomodel that would be used in the surgery was performed. In the intraoperative period of reduction and fixation of the fracture with the titanium mesh, optics were used to better visualize the posterior defect, as well as computed tomography to ensure that the entire affected area was reconstructed. Both patients were followed up in the postoperative period and evolved without clinical and functional complaints.
13 May 2023
01 Jan 2023
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the effectiveness of the application of a niching metaheuristic of the Fish School Search family in solving constrained optimization problems and proposed a technique referred as rwFSS.
Abstract: In this work we investigate the effectiveness of the application of a niching metaheuristic of the Fish School Search family in solving constrained optimization problems. Sub-swarms are used to allow the achievement of many feasible regions to be exploited in terms of fitness function. The niching approach employed was wFSS, a version of the Fish School Search algorithm devised specifically to deal with multi-modal search spaces. A technique referred as rwFSS was conceived. Tests were performed in seven problems from CEC 2020 and a comparison with other approaches was carried out. Results show that rwFSS can handle some reasonable constrained search spaces and achieve results comparable to two of the CEC 2020 top ranked algorithms on constrained optimization. However, we also observed that the local search operator of wFSS and inherited by rwFSS makes it difficult to find and keep the individuals inside feasible regions when the search space presents a large number of equality constraints.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the association between the phase angle (PA) and frailty using bioelectrical impedance analysis and found no significant difference in PA between older people with or without frailty/pre-frailty.
10 May 2023
TL;DR: In this paper , an ecological time series study and a forecasting analysis were conducted to assess the impact caused by implementing PCV-10 on the hospitalizations of children with pneumonia between 2005 and 2015, in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil.
TL;DR: In this paper , the effects of two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (G. albida and Acaulospora longula) on the pharmaceutically valued compounds as well as some edaphic attributes were investigated.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors systematically review published research on the development of digital tools for pre-design in order to point out existing processes and limitations, and present a systematic review of these tools.
Abstract: Prevention through Design (PtD) is a safety initiative that increases the ability of eliminating risks before construction. Implementing digital tools for PtD is an innovative way to help identify embedded risk in design phase by automating a process that is currently time consuming and extensively dependent on designers' experience. However, there is a lack of known digital safety tools available to professionals.The aim of this article is to systematically review published research on the development of digital tools for PtD in order to point out existing processes and limitations.The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) guidelines were used to search publications in Scopus database. Initially, 148 publications were found, but after applying the filters, thirteen publications were read and included in this review.Quantitative results showed few publications and quantitative results detailed the studied digital tools workings and what limitations prevent their fully implementation by designers.Although 53,84% of methods are automatic, existing barriers such as the inability to consider schedule, and to provide a complete database challenge the validity of these tools. Therefore, PtD still poses a research gap for future research on safety matters.
28 Apr 2023
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors evaluated the acute responses of pulse pressure (PP), SBP, and DBP to dynamic explosive resistance exercise (DERE) with elastic resistance bands in hypertensive older adults.
Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the acute responses of pulse pressure (PP), SBP, and DBP to dynamic explosive resistance exercise (DERE) with elastic resistance bands in hypertensive older adults.Eighteen hypertensive older adults were randomly assigned to participate in DERE and control sessions. PP, SBP, and DBP were measured before (baseline) and after each session (immediately, 10, and 20 min after the session). The DERE protocol has five sets of two consecutive exercises.There was an important clinical decrease in PP (Δ = -7.8 mmHg; dz = 0.7) and in DBP (Δ = -6.3 mmHg; dz = 0.6) favoring the exercise session post-20 min in the intersession comparison. DERE also promoted lowering levels in SBP (140.3 ± 16.0 vs. 126.2 ± 14.3 mmHg; Δ = -14.1 mmHg; P = 0.04) with a large effect size ( dz = 0.9) post-20 min when compared to the control session.Our findings indicate that DERE with elastic resistance bands improved SBP in hypertensive older adults. In addition, our results support the hypothesis that DERE can an important clinical decrease in PP and DBP. According to this, professionals may have additional exercise training possibilities with elastic resistance bands when prescribing resistance exercises for systemic arterial hypertension treatment in this population.
TL;DR: The nematicidal effect of a water soluble Moringa oleifera lectin (WSMoL) was investigated in an experimental model with H. contortus infected Wistar rodents as discussed by the authors .
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors evaluated the performance of different machine learning models on predicting undesirable outcomes of congenital syphilis in order to assist resources allocation and optimize the healthcare actions, especially in a constrained health environment.
Abstract: Communicable diseases represent a huge economic burden for healthcare systems and for society. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a concerning issue, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries, in which environmental factors and other determinants of health play a role in contributing to its fast spread. In light of this situation, machine learning techniques have been explored to assess the incidence of syphilis and contribute to the epidemiological surveillance in this scenario.The main goal of this work is to evaluate the performance of different machine learning models on predicting undesirable outcomes of congenital syphilis in order to assist resources allocation and optimize the healthcare actions, especially in a constrained health environment.We use clinical and sociodemographic data from pregnant women that were assisted by a social program in Pernambuco, Brazil, named Mãe Coruja Pernambucana Program (PMCP). Based on a rigorous methodology, we propose six experiments using three feature selection techniques to select the most relevant attributes, pre-process and clean the data, apply hyperparameter optimization to tune the machine learning models, and train and test models to have a fair evaluation and discussion.The AdaBoost-BODS-Expert model, an Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) model that used attributes selected by health experts, presented the best results in terms of evaluation metrics and acceptance by health experts from PMCP. By using this model, the results are more reliable and allows adoption on a daily usage to classify possible outcomes of congenital syphilis using clinical and sociodemographic data.