Showing papers by "Uzhhorod National University published in 2022"

Common nutrition and health issues in Eastern Europe

Abstract: The countries of the Eastern Europe Region (EER), including Belarus, Russia, North Caucasus Region, Tatarstan, Ukraine, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia, have common nutrition and health issues due to various circumstances. Analisys of demographics, main health issues, traditions and other factor, which can have influence on population health of the listed countries are given in this chapter. Nutrition as one of the most important aspect of health is also considered in this chapter, especially countries unique cuisine traditions and its influence on health. Main common aspects of health as well as nutrition of the EER outlined.

Eastern European ethnic food preservation and future sustainable food production

Abstract: Today, food is studied as more than a just simple consumer item, but rather to approach more significant issues such as the interaction between globalization and national cuisines (Wilk, 2002). Food is not only the source for life but also has a much deeper meaning, especially in regard to the ethnic aspect of food processing and cooking styles. By studying different ethnical groups' cuisines, we can follow traditions and other aspects of national development. We may also consider that, in the era of high mobility and mass migration, national food often remains the only link to the country of origin and prevents it from becoming orphaned and rootless (Pavlovskaya, 2015).

Monitoring evaluation of the effectiveness of tes therapy after dental interventions

Abstract: Introduction. The wound process after dental operations is the most frequent cause of complications, which requires monitoring evaluation, as well as the introduction of new non-drug therapy methods, which include TES therapy. The purpose of the study. Summarize information on the effect of TES therapy on the microcirculation of the gingival mucosa in the dynamics of wound healing. Material and methods. 233 patients participated in the study, who were divided into two representative groups: 105 – on the background of the use of TES therapy in the complex treatment of clean, purulent and purulent-necrotic wounds in dental patients, and 128 – during traditional treatment. A monitoring assessment of microcirculation was carried out against the background of wound healing on the 6th and 9th day after surgery. Laser dopplerometry (LDM) was used to assess microcirculation at the border of the defect (1–2 mm) from the edge of the gingival mucosa wound. During the study, the average values of gingival tissue perfusion (M, Kv ), neurogenic and biogenic tone (NG, MG) and precapillary shunting index (PS) were calculated. Research results and their discussion. Among all patients, positive changes were observed among the perfusion indicators (M, Kv ), neurogenic and myogenic tone (NG, MG) and precapillary shunting index, which indicates an improvement in blood supply and an increase in oxygenation of the periodontium. This had a positive effect on the rate of wound healing, as indicated by clinical observations. Conclusions . 1. The use of TES therapy in the complex treatment of the wound process in dental patients significantly improves the microcirculation of the wound, which contributes to faster healing. 2. Stabilization of microcirculation against the background of TES therapy is ensured by the effect of transcranial electrical stimulation on the subcortical structures of the brain. 3. Under the influence of TES-therapy, the neurogenic and myogenic tone of vessels of the microcirculatory channel is stabilized, which reduces shunting and improves oxygenation of periodontal tissues.

Restrictions on confidential communication between a lawyer and his client under the legislation of foreign countries and the practice of the ECHR

Abstract: This article reveals the problematic issues related to the implementation of one of the main guarantees of a lawyer's professional activity, namely ensuring the confidentiality of his communication with his client, in particular, regarding the possibility of limiting such confidentiality. The study revealed the positions of foreign legislators, who set certain restrictions on the implementation of the guarantee of a ban on interfering in the private communication of a lawyer with his client. The positions of the European Court of Human Rights, which allow for the possibility of limiting the confidentiality of communication between them, are also analyzed. The position is argued, according to which Ukraine, along with many foreign countries, proceeds from the need to ensure absolute confidentiality of communication between a lawyer and his client. To achieve this goal, the author used methods typical of legal science. The study was conducted using primarily a comparative legal method, which provided an opportunity to analyze the experience of foreign countries in implementing the guarantee of prohibition of interference in private communication with a client, while the formal-dogmatic method allowed to analyze the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. The study allows us to conclude that a significant number of countries enshrining the right of a lawyer and his client to such communication, set certain restrictions on its implementation, in particular: an exception to the confidentiality of correspondence is possible if the judiciary has reasonable grounds to believe that it is criminal ( Italy); if there is a reasonable suspicion that the accused may violate the detention regime (Macedonia); or only in cases involving the establishment of terrorist organizations and criminal organizations abroad (Germany), etc.

Opportunities of MRI in the early diagnosis of the progression of muscular dystrophies

Abstract: Прогресуючі м’язові дистрофії — це генетично гетерогенна група порушень, які характеризуються прогресуючою м’язовою слабкістю, атрофією м’язів і руховими порушеннями. Це рідкісна група патологій, що являє собою діагностичну проблему в практиці лікаря-невролога. Комбінація клінічних, рентгенологічних і лабораторних методів обстеження відіграє велику роль при постановці правильного діагнозу. Магнітно-резонансна томографія (МРТ) м’язів використовується для діагностики первинного ураження м’язів, ґрунтуючись на специфічних патернах ураження м’язів. У статті ми коротко обговоримо можливості ранньої діагностики м’язових дистрофій і відзначимо роль МРТ м’язів як високоінформативного діагностичного методу при прогресуючих захворюваннях м’язів.

Malignant neoplasms of the respiratory system as a problem of nowadays

Abstract: Annotation. Respiratory malignancies (RM) have become one of the most serious threats to public health. For both Ukraine and other countries, this disease is not only a medical but also a social problem. The aim of the study is to analyze the literature on the provision of cancer care in Ukraine and the epidemiological features of RM among the adult population. The materials were domestic and foreign scientific literature, legal documents, as well as medical and statistical data of the National Cancer Registry. Research methods: information-analytical, comparative content analysis. RM is one of the serious diseases that changes the life schedule not only of the patient, but also of the whole family. About 70% of cases of malignant neoplasms (MN) of the lungs, trachea and bronchi are diagnosed with the onset of symptoms, when there are mediastinal or distant metastases. According to the WHO, in the structure of morbidity in the economically developed countries of the world for several years the leading position is occupied by malignant neoplasms of the trachea, bronchi and lungs among men and breast cancer in women. That is, the main problems faced by the world's leading countries in the organization of medical and pharmaceutical care for these patients may to some extent be considered in Ukraine. An extremely important issue for RM is the principle of their early diagnosis. Given the growing incidence of RM, and especially due to oncopathology of the trachea, bronchi and lungs among the general population, a significant number of postoperative complications, the complexity of social adaptation, should be noted along with constant monitoring and implementation of new treatments, development of new postoperative rehabilitation programs. development of an optimized model of medical care for patients with malignant respiratory tumors. Prospects for further development: the obtained data will be used as a basis for forecasting the risk of RM among the population and the allocation of contingents with a high risk of cancer.

New challenges of teaching pronunciation to foreign students

Abstract: International scientific conference “Current trends and fields of philological studies in the challenging reality” : conference proceedings (July 29–30, 2022. Riga, the Republic of Latvia). Riga, Latvia : “Baltija Publishing”, 2022. 450 pages.

Continued fraction representation of the generating function of Bernoulli polynomials

Abstract: Continued fraction and quasi-reciprocal continued fraction expansions of the generating function of Bernoulli numbers have been obtained. The convergence and uniform convergence of continued fraction expansions have been proved. Representations of the generating function of Bernoulli polynomials in the form of the product of three continued fractions, as well as the product of three quasi-reciprocal continued fractions, have been found.

Legal regulation of religious education in Ukraine: Implementation of the separation of the church and other religious organizations from state educational institutions

Abstract: This article, via an analysis of legislation, law-application practice, and individual elements of statistical information, reveals the implementation of the constitutional provision on the separation in Ukraine of the church (religious organizations) from the state and the school from the church. The authors state that the requirements of the constitutional legislation are not fully observed, and religious education at schools depends on religious organizations to a significant extent. The intensity and depth of the influence of religious organizations on educational institutions differs however at various levels of education and in different institutions. At the level of pre-school and general secondary education, due to state standardization and control, the sphere of autonomy of religious organizations in providing educational services is sufficiently narrow. At the level of higher education, in institutions founded by religious organizations, the educational process is carried out under the control of the religious organization itself, and the state and communal institutions (which train specialists majoring in theology) are under the aegis of the Ministry of Education and Science. Higher religious education (both that obtained in private institutions and that obtained in state or communal institutions) is de facto not separated from religious organizations, although the Constitution of Ukraine declares this. The confessional nature of theology is manifested in the content of academic courses and the organization of the educational process. In practice, however, the cooperation of churches with educational institutions is based on the need for the former to determine or at least influence the content of the training of their future ministers; for educational institutions, cooperation is a powerful tool for ensuring the employment of graduates of educational programs, and, respectively, directly affects the number of applicants.

Radiotherapy in the comprehensive treatment of rectal cancer

Abstract: Introduction. A favorable outcome of the treatment of patients with rectal cancer in the early stages is not a difficult task, as it is easily solved thanks to only surgical intervention. The biggest problem is the treatment of patients with late-stage (III and IV) rectal cancer. The use of radiation therapy is an integral niche in the complex treatment of rectal cancer. Complete or partial clinical response of the tumor to neoadjuvant therapy is a favorable factor that correlates with an increase in overall and recurrence-free survival of patients with rectal cancer. Aim. To conduct an analysis of the effectiveness of radiotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in the complex treatment of rectal cancer based on the results of the tumor's clinical response to the treatment. Research results. In both groups of patients, the tumor was localized in the middle ampullary part of the rectum in 52.6% of the main group and 55.4% of the control group. In the lower ampullary section of the rectum in 22 patients of the main group (38.6%) and in 22 (39.3%) of the control group, respectively. The number of patients with tumor localization in the upper ampullary region was 5 (8.8%) and 35 (5.3%), respectively. Positive dynamics in the form of replacement of tumor tissue by fibrosis was observed in 89 (78.7%) patients in the compared groups. A complete clinical response was noted in 2 (3.5%) patients in the main group and in 1 (1.8%) in the control group. In 86 patients in the compared groups, II and III degrees of tumor regression according to TRG grading were recorded in 43 (75.4%) patients in the main group and 43 (76.8%) in the control group. Conclusions. In both groups, the tumor was most often localized in the middle ampullary part of the rectum, 52.6% in the main group and 55.4% of the control group. Positive dynamics in the form of replacement of tumor tissue by fibrosis was observed in 89 (78.7%) patients in the compared groups. A complete clinical response was noted in 2 (3.5%) patients in the main group and in 1 (1.8%) in the control group. Unsatisfactory dynamics in the form of IV and V degrees of tumor regression according to the TRG grading were noted in 12 (21.05%) patients of the main group and in 12 (21.4%) - in the control group.

(non) blended learning in higher education: views of the participants of the educational process on (non) blended

Abstract: The article focuses the problem of using different learning models in modern conditions: blended learning as an integration of traditional (classroom/face-to-face) and distance learning, as well as traditional and distance learning in the absence of blended. The aim of the study is to identify and compare the views of participants in the educational process in the classical university on the choice of learning models organization in higher education depending on the ratio of traditional (classroom/face-to-face) and distance learning. The author included in the anonymous online survey 1373 respondents in 2020, including 1071 students, 140 PhD students, 172 university teachers; and 443 students in 2021; used IBM SPSS Statistics 23 for statistical analyses. The analysis of the survey results shows that Bachelor and Master students of the same year express similar views on choosing a model of organization for full-time and part-time higher education. A comparison of most other groups of respondents (students - teachers, students - PhD students, PhD students - teachers) shows a statistically significant difference (p≤0,05) in such views. The author describes some excesses of the critical value of the statistical criterion chi-square in the case of comparing some groups of students on the basis of the studied characteristics, which indicates a different view of their organization of full-time or part-time higher education. The analysis shows that in most cases there are no statistically significant differences in the comparison of individual samples on the same basis (gender, specialty, form of education). Traditional face-to-face learning for full-time and part-time education is mostly chosen in descending order of interest - students, teachers, PhD students. Blended learning, compared to distance and traditional, has an advantage in most respondents in all studied characteristics (educational/scientific level, gender, specialty, form of education). The author summarized the data of all groups (students, PhD students, university teachers) and formed options for non-mixing within the following intervals (in %): traditional face-to-face learning 12,9-29,3 (full-time form); 1,4-9,0 (part-time form); distance learning 0,6-7,9 (full-time form), 4,3-18,5 (part-time form); blended learning 62,8-85,0 (full-time form), 72,5-90,1 (part-time form). Some variants of blended were as follows (in%): mainly traditional education 25,3-44,8 (full-time form), 5,0-9,3 (part-time form); half 26,9-44,3 (full-time), 37,1-48,8 (part-time form); mostly distance learning 4,7-10,6 (full-time form), 24,4-46,4 (part-time form). Similar trends were found in all groups of respondents, namely: the choice decreases for traditional face-to-face, and increases for blended and distance learning in the transition from the model of learning organization for full-time to part-time higher education.

Feature of text-based activities at classes of the Ukrainian language as a foreign language: practical aspect

Abstract: International scientific conference “Current trends and fields of philological studies in the challenging reality” : conference proceedings (July 29–30, 2022. Riga, the Republic of Latvia). Riga, Latvia : “Baltija Publishing”, 2022. 450 pages.

The main components of strengthening the rehabilitation of people with the consequences of injuries and chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system in the conditions of primary health care

Abstract: International scientific conference “New trends and unsolved issues in medicine” : conference proceedings (July 29–30, 2022. Riga, the Republic of Latvia). Riga, Latvia : “Baltija Publishing”, 2022. 322 pages.

Understanding of the obligation by R. von Jhering in the work «The Struggle for Law»

Abstract: International scientific conference «The role of legal science in establishing a new world order in wartime and post-war period» : conference proceedings, July 29–30, 2022. Riga, Latvia : «Baltija Publishing», 2022. 303 pages.

On polysemy in English and Ukrainian

Abstract: International scientific conference “Current trends and fields of philological studies in the challenging reality” : conference proceedings (July 29–30, 2022. Riga, the Republic of Latvia). Riga, Latvia : “Baltija Publishing”, 2022. 450 pages.

“Dark” genres of English fanfiction

Abstract: International scientific conference “Current trends and fields of philological studies in the challenging reality” : conference proceedings (July 29–30, 2022. Riga, the Republic of Latvia). Riga, Latvia : “Baltija Publishing”, 2022. 450 pages.

Analysis of the dental status of teenagers in the transcarpatia region

Abstract: Dental status includes an index assessment of clusters that characterize the state of hygiene, the presence of periodontal tissue diseases, and the state of the hard tissues of the teeth. The calculation of these indicators gives a clear idea of the state of the problem and dictates the ways of preventive and therapeutic tactics both in groups and individually. The level of patient anxiety, both personal and reactive, caused by a visit to the dentist, plays a significant role during the appointment with the doctor, affects the trust during communication and affects the quality of dental services in general. The second component of high-quality dental treatment is the determination of the level of dental morbidity in groups, depending on the level of anxiety as a basic factor. Dental status includes an index assessment of clusters that characterize the state of hygiene, the presence of periodontal tissue diseases, and the state of the hard tissues of the teeth. The calculation of these indicators gives a clear idea of the state of the problem and dictates the ways of preventive and therapeutic tactics both in groups and individually. The aim of the research. To assess the dental status of adolescents in Transcarpathian region and establish the correlational dependence of parameters. Materials and methods. An assessment of the dental status of 384 adolescents aged 12-18 years who were patients of LLC "University Dental Polyclinic" was carried out. The patient's appeal was both urgent and for the purpose of rehabilitation, planned. Indicators of the prevalence, intensity and activity of caries (CPV index) were determined in the examined subjects according to generally accepted methods. The state of hygiene in adolescents was determined according to the OHI-S index and Fedorov-Volodkina. The condition of the periodontal tissues in the examined adolescents was determined according to the PMA index. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out on a personal computer using licensed programs ˝MS Excel 7˝ for the operating system˝ Windows˝ and the standard program package "STATISTICA" v. 6.0. Conclusions. High personal anxiety is a factor in the formation and progression of carious lesions of hard tissues in adolescents, a direct relationship between the level of personal anxiety and the course of caries in adolescents has been established, with an increase in personal anxiety, the percentage of decompensated caries increases. That is, high personal anxiety is a factor in the progression of dental caries in teenagers. Significant differences in PMA index indicators were established between clinical groups (p<0,05). In the first group of teenagers with a high level of personal anxiety, the indicators of the index corresponded to a severe degree of gingivitis, in the second and third groups, the indicators corresponded to an average degree of gingivitis. When assessing the state of hygiene in adolescents of clinical groups, significant differences were established between the indicators of the first and second and the first and third groups according to the OHI-S, DI-S and CI-S indicators of the I.G. index. Green, I.R.Vermillion and indicators of the Fedorov-Volodkina index (р<0.05), the indicators in the first group were significantly higher than in the second and third groups. According to the Fedorov-Volodkina index, a significantly higher index was established in patients of the first group than in the second and third. A direct relationship between the level of personal anxiety and the state of hygiene in adolescents has been established, with an increase in personal anxiety, the deterioration of hygiene is noted. That is, high personal anxiety is a factor in the progression of gingivitis.

Anatomical materials as objects of civil rights

Abstract: This scientific article is aimed at revealing the topical issue of the place of anatomical materials among the objects of civil rights. With the adoption of the Law "On the use of transplantation of anatomical materials" the issue of anatomical materials as an object of civil rights Within the framework of this research, a theoretical and applied method of research was carried out using a dialectical method of cognition of legal reality, which provided an opportunity to analyze the essence of the object of civil rights. To achieve this goal, the author used methods typical of legal science. The use of the system-structural method helped to determine the general structure of the work, which in turn provided an opportunity to reveal the objectives of the study to determine the place of anatomical materials among the objects of civil rights. Based on the study, the author concludes that the transplantation of anatomical materials is a difficult issue, because it is carried out only with human assistance. It should be borne in mind that the right to life is linked to the right to die; the right to physical integrity extends beyond the living body, it reaches the dead body; the power of man is not only over the living body, but over man - over the corpse.